Private Pierce

Source Registry

Short answer

The source registry lists the source families used across Private Pierce research, how they are tiered, and which primary sources back each claim category. Every load-bearing factual claim on the site traces to a source in this registry or carries a typed unknown. Pages are updated as sources and systems change; source families are updated when new source types are added.

What this page is

A directory of source families, source tiers, and citation discipline. It complements the methodology page (/about/methodology/) by listing specific sources and their roles, rather than the abstract research process.

Source families

Tier 1 — Secretary of State portals and forms

State business registries, formation forms, annual-report instructions, UCC portals. These are primary sources for formation-exposure claims. Evidence gathered by direct portal observation or bulk-data snapshot.

Tier 2 — Federal regulators

FinCEN (BOI / CTA), FTC (data broker orders), IRS (EIN / tax filing exposure), Treasury (OFAC, sanctions), CISA (critical infrastructure), CBP (travel / entry). Primary sources for BOI, KYC, and federal-reporting claims.

Tier 3 — State regulators

Attorney general, privacy regulator, consumer-protection office, tax agency. Primary sources for state-law claims about data brokers, right to delete, and privacy legislation.

Tier 4 — Court and recorder portals

PACER, state court portals, county recorders, property assessors. Primary sources for court-record and lien-record exposure claims.

Tier 5 — Official portal-behavior observations

Direct portal fetches or browser tests of public portals with date and access method recorded. Primary sources for searchability and field-visibility claims where portal behavior is the fact being measured.

Tier 6 — Company documentation

Bank KYC policies, card-issuer terms, loyalty-program terms. Primary sources for financial and travel system exposure claims.

Tier 7 — International regulators

Telecom regulators, data-protection authorities (GDPR), immigration agencies. Sources for cross-border exposure claims.

Tier 8 — Law trackers

NCSL, IAPP, UNCTAD, Freedom House, GSMA. Used as cross-checks on regulatory-landscape claims, not as primary sources for specific legal facts.

Tier 9 — Reputable reports

Industry, academic, and policy reports. Used for aggregate or survey-derived claims where no primary-official source exists.

Tier 10 — Journalism

For reputation-surface and OSINT context; not used as primary sources for legal or regulatory claims.

Citation discipline

Secondary sources cross-check primary sources. Critical claims do not rely on secondary-only evidence unless explicitly tagged. Every claim that cannot be sourced carries a typed unknown rather than a silent gap.

The full methodology is at /about/methodology/. The dataset catalog, which lists machine-readable evidence companions, is at /about/dataset-catalog/.

Frequently asked questions

What tier are FinCEN BOI rules?

Tier 2 federal regulators — primary for /boi-kyc/foreign-reporting-company-boi-rules/ (90 FR 13688, March 2025 IFR).

Can journalism be a primary source for legal claims?

No — journalism is tier 10 for reputation/OSINT context, not primary for statutory claims per this registry.

Where do typed unknowns appear?

Matrix cells when portals are CAPTCHA-blocked or SPAs are not observable — see /about/methodology/.

How is this different from dataset catalog?

Source registry lists families and tiers; dataset catalog lists machine-readable mirrors per page.

When are source families updated?

When new source types are added or regulators publish trigger events — not on a fixed schedule alone.