Private Operator Net-Worth Privacy
Public systems can expose names, addresses, roles, filing fields, and record relationships. This page separates those observable inputs from the wealth, ownership, and privacy conclusions they do not establish.
/* Not legal advice. This page is research, not compliance guidance. */ /* */
What public-system exposure task does this page answer?
This page audits public-system fields that may support cross-record joins; it does not determine a person's wealth, risk, present ownership, or privacy outcome.
The task is to identify what a named public system exposes at its own field grain and stop before an observable field becomes a financial conclusion. Business-registry portals, Uniform Commercial Code filing systems, formation-address rules, land-trust records, and beneficial-ownership systems answer different questions. A query capability is not a displayed result. A required address is not automatically a public address. Government collection is not ordinary public access.
Cells marked "Not established" are ones the official sources read did not settle, and the table says so in place rather than leaving them out.
The page therefore treats each source as a bounded input. It records the jurisdiction, field, source, checked date, and stated limitation carried by the cited evidence. An Unknown cell remains visible for the affected jurisdiction and field. Another state's answer, a neighboring field, or a familiar rule cannot fill that gap.
This is an exposure audit, not an asset inventory. It performs no person-specific search, assembles no person dossier, and calculates no estimate or score. The parent Financial Independence for Private Operators hub keeps the same boundary across entity, tax, protection, and public-record systems.
What do the named systems verify?
The named systems verify only their cited query, display, address-requirement, record-appearance, collection, access, or regime-status field within the recorded jurisdiction and scope.
The evidence is divided by predicate because the same label can otherwise conceal several different claims. A portal may accept a search term without displaying every related field. A filing may display a debtor or secured-party field without establishing the obligation's current balance. A formation source may require a street address without establishing whether the portal publishes it. A land-trust source may describe a deed, tax roll, recorder record, assessor portal, or disclosure trigger without establishing present beneficial value.
Beneficial-ownership evidence is also split into the fields collected, the public-access boundary, and the current regime status. Those fields cannot substitute for one another. Collection establishes what the cited system says it collects; access establishes only the cited access posture; regime status establishes the recorded legal or operational posture at the checked date.
The tables below preserve those boundaries at jurisdiction-field grain. Each displayed result belongs to the cell that carries it, including its source and date. None of the tables verifies current equity, cash, debt balance, beneficial value, net worth, or financial independence.
- Business registries: supported query vectors, kept separate from returned or displayed fields.
- UCC systems: portal, debtor-name search, debtor-address display, secured-party display, and filing-download fields.
- Formation addresses: the cited street-address requirement for each role or filing field.
- Land trusts: the cited deed, tax-roll, recorder, assessor, or beneficiary-disclosure field.
- Beneficial ownership: the cited collection, access, and regime-status fields.
Which business-registry query vectors are supported?
The supported business-registry fields are jurisdiction-scoped searches by entity name, officer name, principal address, registered-agent name, and registered-agent address.
The Business Registry Searchability by State matrix owns the current jurisdiction rows for these five query vectors. This page names the field family but does not restate a state result outside that matrix. A reader should inspect one jurisdiction and one query field at a time, keeping the matrix source, checked date, and scope together.
A supported query field establishes a portal capability, not the existence of a result for a particular person or entity. Search by officer name does not establish that every officer appears, that a displayed role is current, or that the role proves ownership. Search by principal or registered-agent address does not establish that the address is residential, current, unique to one entity, or associated with value.
Query and display also remain separate. A system can support a search input while returning a different set of fields, and a filing can display a field that the portal does not accept as a query. The matrix is therefore an input map for an exposure review, not a person-search workflow or a statement about what any particular search will return.
Which UCC search and display fields are exposed?
The UCC evidence separates portal availability, debtor-name searchability, debtor-address visibility, secured-party visibility, and filing-download access by jurisdiction.
The UCC Filing Searchability and Debtor Exposure by State matrix owns the jurisdiction-level results. Its five fields describe different access states. The existence of a public-search portal does not answer whether debtor names are searchable. Debtor-name searchability does not answer whether an address or secured party is displayed. A downloadable filing is another access property rather than a conclusion about the transaction behind the record.
These distinctions matter because a UCC record is not a current financial statement. A debtor name, debtor address, secured-party field, or downloadable filing does not establish a present balance, collateral value, asset value, equity, solvency, or the current status of every relationship suggested by the filing. This page does not turn those fields into an estimated liability or asset amount.
The matrix also remains jurisdiction-specific. A field supported in one state cannot be promoted into a national portal rule, and an unavailable field cannot be filled from another state's practice. Each state result stays attached to its cited source, checked date, and recorded limitation.
Which formation address fields are required?
Formation-address evidence records the cited street-address requirement separately for the principal office, organizer or member, registered agent, and mailing address in each jurisdiction.
The table keeps four filing roles separate. A principal-office requirement does not answer the organizer or member field. A registered-agent requirement does not answer the mailing-address field. Even when the same address could appear in more than one place, each row states only what the cited jurisdiction source establishes for the named field.
A requirement is not a public-display finding. It does not establish that the supplied address appears in a searchable result, remains current, belongs to a residence, identifies a person, or connects to an asset value. Those questions require their own evidence. Where the cited source does not settle a jurisdiction-field combination, the table preserves the unknown instead of supplying a default.
| Jurisdiction | Principal office | Organizer or member | Registered agent | Mailing address |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Registered-agent physical address within Alaska is mandatory.source | Mailing-address fields accept P.O. Box or street entries; a street address is not stated as required for the mailing address field.source |
| Alabama | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | An Alabama LLC's certificate of formation must state the street address, including the county, of its registered office in Alabama.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Arkansas | Principal office field is labeled physical street address.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Registered-agent address must be a street address in Arkansas.source | Mailing/contact address is not street-only because the form allows a Post Office Box number.source |
| Arizona | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Statutory agent requires a street address / place of business or residence in Arizona.source | Statutory-agent mailing address is not street-only; AZCC instructions allow a P.O. Box or personal mail box.source |
| California | California LLC articles require the street address of the initial principal office.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | California LLC articles require the initial agent name and street address unless a registered corporate agent is named.source | Mailing address is not street-only because LLC-12 permits a P.O. Box or in-care-of address.source |
| Colorado | Principal office address must be a street address.source | Articles require the true name and mailing address of each person forming the LLC, not a street-address-only field.source | Registered agent address must be the Colorado street address where the registered agent is located.source | Mailing address is not street-only because the SOS checklist allows a PO box.source |
| Connecticut | Connecticut requires a company's certificate of organization to state the street address and mailing address of the company's principal office.source | Connecticut's Certificate of Organization form requires the residence address of at least one manager or member, written with a street number, street name, city, state, and zip code, and the same for the business address unless the person has none, in which case the form must state "none".source | Connecticut requires a registered agent's address to include a street and number or other particular designation.source | Connecticut's Certificate of Organization form does not require a street address for the company's mailing address: the entry line is labeled "STREET OR P.O. BOX:" and the form says a P.O. box is acceptable.source |
| District of Columbia | The LLC certificate must state the street and mailing addresses of the initial principal office.source | The LLC certificate contents reviewed do not require organizer/member street addresses.source | DC registered-agent filings require a registered agent name/address or, for an officer/employee agent, the address of that person’s business office.source | A separate LLC mailing-address street-address mandate, apart from the principal-office street-address mandate, is not addressed in the reviewed DC LLC source.source |
| Delaware | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Certificate of formation must state the registered-office address and registered-agent name/address; the address must include street, number, city and postal code.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Florida | Florida LLC articles must state the street and mailing addresses of the principal office.source | Florida does not require an LLC's articles to state any manager's, member's or authorized representative's address; the Division's instructions call the names and street addresses of authorized representatives and managers 'optional'.source | Articles must state the registered agent’s street address in Florida.source | The principal-office mailing address is a separate mailing field and is not stated as street-only.source |
| Georgia | Principal-office field is not street-address-only because a post office box is permitted.source | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Registered office requires a street address where service of process may be effectuated.source | Mailing-address field is not street-address-only because a post office box is permitted.source |
| Hawaii | Principal-office address entry uses an address number-and-street field when the principal address differs from mailing address.source | Organizer, initial manager, and initial member address fields require complete addresses; the form uses address number-and-street fields.source | Registered agent must provide the complete street address of the place of business in Hawaii.source | The LLC-1 instructions require the complete mailing address of the initial principal office and the form supplies address number-and-street fields.source |
| Iowa | Iowa LLC certificates must state the street and mailing addresses of the principal office.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Iowa LLC certificates must state the registered agent street and mailing addresses in Iowa.source | The principal-office mailing address is a separate mailing-address requirement and is not stated as street-only.source |
| Idaho | Idaho requires a street address as well as a mailing address for an LLC's principal office: the certificate of organization asks for the complete street and mailing addresses.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource | Idaho requires an LLC's registered agent to be at a street address in Idaho.source | Idaho does not require an LLC's mailing address to be a street address: the Secretary of State's business FAQ says 'A P.O. box may be used as a mailing address for your business, but not as the registered office address.'source |
| Illinois | Principal-place annual-report address must include street-and-number or rural-route number.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource | Registered-office annual-report address must include street-and-number or rural-route number.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource |
| Indiana | principal office: street-address reporting is stated; remote entities may instead disclose a contact address under IC 23-0.5-8-4.source | governing-person address field is printed as address number and street, city, state, and ZIP code.source | registered office: a street address in Indiana is required for noncommercial registered-agent address filings.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Kansas | Kansas treats legacy principal-office/place-of-business language as the registered office; registered-office postal address must include building/suite, street name or rural route number with box number, city, state, and ZIP.source | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Kansas requires a Kansas registered office where the resident agent may be regularly present; Form DL requires street/rural route/highway and says a PO Box is unacceptable.source | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) |
| Kentucky | Initial principal-office address is a mailing address and may be a street address or Post Office Box number.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource | Kentucky registered office address must be a street address.source | The mailing address field permits either a street address or a Post Office Box number.source |
| Louisiana | principal office: street address required treatment not addressed in Louisiana domestic LLC formation source set.source | first manager/member address: Louisiana requires municipal addresses, not post-office-box-only entries, for first managers or members when named.source | registered agent address: SOS FAQ states registered agents need a physical address in Louisiana.source | mailing address: street address required treatment for company mailing address not addressed in Louisiana domestic LLC formation source set.source |
| Massachusetts | Massachusetts requires a street address for the office where an LLC keeps its records: the Secretary of the Commonwealth's rule says the certificate of organization must set forth 'The street address of the office in the Commonwealth at which its records will be maintained' (950 CMR 112.11).source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Massachusetts registered-agent change filings require the current or new resident agent street address.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Maryland | principal office: SDAT requires a full Maryland address with street number and street name.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | resident agent address: SDAT requires the Maryland resident agent complete physical address.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource |
| Maine | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | For a noncommercial registered agent, Maine SOS LLC certificate forms require physical-location street, city, state, and ZIP information.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Michigan | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Michigan LLC articles and Form 700 require the street address of the initial registered office.source | Michigan Form 700 allows the registered-office mailing address to be a P.O. Box or street address, so a street address is not required for that mailing-address field.source |
| Minnesota | principal office street-address requirement not addressed in the reviewed Minnesota LLC formation source set.source | Articles must include the name and street address of each organizer.source | Registered office must provide a complete street address or rural route/rural route box number.source | mailing address street-address requirement not addressed in the reviewed Minnesota LLC formation source set.source |
| Missouri | principal office: Missouri LLC-1 makes the principal-office field optional, but requires a physical street address when a PO Box is used.source | organizer/member address: Missouri LLC-1 requires organizer street addresses and the statute requires each organizer physical business or residence address.source | registered agent address: Missouri LLC-1 requires a street address and allows PO Box only when a street address is also provided.source | mailing address: reviewed Missouri LLC sources do not state a separate general LLC mailing-address street-address requirement.source |
| Mississippi | The Mississippi LLC annual report asks for the address of the principal office, but the sources consulted do not state that it must be a street address.source | The Mississippi annual report asks for manager and member addresses, but the sources consulted do not state that those addresses must be street addresses.source | Mississippi requires the registered agent's address to be an actual street address in the state.source | Mississippi's registered-agent filing rules call for an actual street address plus a mailing address if different, but the sources consulted do not state a street-only rule for an LLC's own mailing address.source |
| Montana | Montana LLC articles require a complete business mailing address for the principal office, but street-address requirement is not expressly addressed.source | Montana LLC articles require manager or initial-member business mailing addresses; a street-address requirement is not expressly stated for that field.source | A Montana registered-agent address filing must state an actual street address or rural route box number in Montana.source | Montana registered-agent filings require a mailing address if different from the actual address, but a street-address requirement for a separate mailing address is not expressly addressed for the mailing-address field.source |
| North Carolina | NC SOS form L-01 requires the complete street address of the principal office when the LLC has a principal office.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | NC SOS form L-01 requires the complete street address of the registered office and the county where it is located.source | NC SOS form BE-17 labels mailing-address fields as Number and Street or PO Box, so the mailing-address field is not street-address-only.source |
| North Dakota | North Dakota requires a principal executive office address not to be only a post-office box, or permits the actual office location.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | North Dakota registered-agent filings require an actual street address or rural route box number in North Dakota.source | North Dakota does not require a street address for an LLC's mailing address: the Secretary of State's page on maintaining a registration says the mailing address is 'where the business receives its mail', 'Can be different from the principal executive office or registered office address' and 'Can be a post office box'.source |
| Nebraska | Nebraska biennial-report statute requires the street and mailing addresses of the LLC principal office.source | Nebraska formation statute describes organizers and certificate filing but does not require organizer/member street addresses in the captured formation fields.source | Nebraska formation statute requires the registered agent name plus street and mailing addresses.source | Nebraska sources distinguish street address from mailing address; the captured sources do not state that a mailing address must itself be a street address.source |
| New Hampshire | New Hampshire does not require a principal office address in a certificate of formation, so it requires no street address for one; the Secretary of State's instructions call that information optional.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | registered agent/registered office: registered-office changes require a street address, and the registered agent business office must be identical with the registered office.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| New Jersey | Public-record filing requests a street line for the main/principal business address.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Registered office must provide a New Jersey street address.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| New Mexico | New Mexico LLC articles require a street address for the current principal place of business when it differs from the registered office.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | New Mexico LLC articles require the street address of the initial registered office and the registered agent at that address.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Nevada | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Registered agent must have a Nevada street address for service of process; filing address rules also require an actual street address or rural route box.source | Nevada does not require a registered agent's optional mailing address on an LLC's formation filing to be a street address: the Secretary of State's formation instructions say 'A P.O. box may be used for mailing but cannot replace the required physical address.'source |
| New York | Principal-office street-address-required treatment is not expressly addressed in the reviewed New York LLC/DOS source set.source | Organizer/member street-address-required treatment is not expressly addressed in the reviewed New York LLC/DOS source set.source | Registered-agent street-address-required treatment is not expressly addressed in the reviewed New York LLC/DOS source set.source | Service-of-process mailing-address street-address-required treatment is not expressly addressed in the reviewed New York LLC/DOS source set.source |
| Ohio | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource | Ohio articles of organization require the statutory agent name and street address; Form 610 asks for the agent complete address.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource |
| Oklahoma | Oklahoma SOS Form FM0075 requires the LLC principal office as a street address.source | Unknown Checked — record silentThe official record does not state thissource | Oklahoma LLC articles require the registered agent name and street address for service of process in Oklahoma.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Oregon | Oregon requires a physical street address for an LLC's principal office: the articles of organization form says it must be a physical street address.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Oregon requires a registered agent's publicly available address to be an Oregon street address suitable for personal delivery of legal papers.source | Oregon does not require the address where the Corporation Division sends paper notices to an LLC to be a street address: the Secretary of State's annual report instructions say 'The address where paper notices from the Corporation Division will be sent, including renewal notices. This address may be a Post Office Box.'source |
| Pennsylvania | Annual report requires the principal office address, including street and number if any.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Certificate of organization states the registered office address, including street and number if any.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Rhode Island | RI articles and Form 400 request a principal address, but the reviewed sources do not state that the principal office must be a street address.source | RI articles require authorized-person and manager address fields, but do not state that those fields must be street addresses.source | RI Form 400 requires the initial resident-agent office in Rhode Island to list a street address.source | RI annual-report statute requires a mailing address and does not state that the mailing address must be a street address.source |
| South Carolina | Designated-office change filings require the street address of the current/new designated office.source | South Carolina's articles of organization form asks for each organizer's address on a line labelled '(Street Address)'.source | Articles of organization must include the initial agent name and street address.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| South Dakota | SD sources require an address of the initial designated office and principal office but do not state a street-address-only rule for the principal-office field.source | SD sources require organizer and certain manager/governor address information but do not state a street-address-only rule for those persons.source | SD registered-agent sources require agent/address information but do not state a street-address-only rule.source | A separate LLC mailing-address field and street-address-only rule for that field are not stated in the reviewed SD source set.source |
| Tennessee | Tennessee SS-4270 requires a street address for the LLC principal office.source | Tennessee SS-4270 captures organizer signature/name but does not require an organizer street-address field.source | Tennessee SS-4270 requires a street address for the initial registered office in Tennessee.source | The mailing-address component is not street-only because SS-4270 expressly allows a post-office box mailing address.source |
| Texas | Texas public-information-report sources require a principal office/principal place address but do not state that the principal-office field must be a street address.source | Texas Form 205 permits street or mailing address for governing persons and organizer rather than requiring a street-only address.source | Texas registered office must be located at a street address where process may be personally served.source | Texas Form 205 and BOC section 3.005 state an initial mailing address rather than a street-address-only field.source |
| Utah | Utah LLC certificate of organization requires the street and mailing address of the LLC principal office.source | Utah Division formation guidance asks for the name and street address of each LLC manager/member when that optional information is supplied.source | Utah registered-agent filings must state an actual street address or rural route box in Utah.source | mailing address: reviewed Utah LLC filing sources require a principal-office street address and a mailing address, but do not state a street-only rule for the mailing-address field.source |
| Virginia | Virginia's Articles of Organization form asks for the complete physical address of the principal executive office, including a street number and name.source | The Virginia LLC sources consulted do not state whether an organizer's or member's address must be a street address.source | Virginia requires a registered office address to be complete, including the street number and name, city, state, zip code and locality.source | The Virginia LLC sources consulted do not state whether an LLC's mailing address must be a street address.source |
| Vermont | principal office is treated as the business physical address by Vermont SOS.source | organizer/member address: Vermont LLC articles require an address for each organizer, but reviewed sources do not state a street-address requirement for organizers or members.source | Vermont LLC articles must include the street address of the initial agent for service of process.source | business mailing address: street-address requirement is not addressed in the reviewed Vermont LLC/SOS source set.source |
| Washington | Principal office requires a physical street address; it need not be in Washington State.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Registered office address must be a physical address in Washington State.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Wisconsin | Wisconsin LLC articles must state the street and mailing addresses of the company principal office.source | Wisconsin LLC articles require an organizer address but do not state that the organizer address must be a street address.source | Wisconsin LLC articles must state the initial registered agent street, mailing, and email addresses.source | The principal-office mailing address is separate from the required street-address component and is not stated as street-only.source |
| West Virginia | principal office: WV sources require an address or mailing address but do not state a street-address-only requirement for the principal office.source | organizer/member address: WV requires organizer/member address disclosure but does not state a street-address-only requirement in the reviewed source set.source | registered agent address: WV requires an address of the agent for service of process but does not state a street-address-only requirement in the reviewed source set.source | WV LLC articles require the mailing address of the principal office; the captured source does not make that field street-address-only.source |
| Wyoming | Wyoming LLC Articles include a principal office address field, but street address required treatment is not addressed in the reviewed formation source set.source | Organizer/member address street address required treatment is not addressed in the reviewed Wyoming LLC formation source set.source | Wyoming LLC articles require the initial registered office street address and registered agent name.source | Wyoming LLC Articles include a mailing address field, but street address required treatment is not addressed in the reviewed formation source set.source |
Source: 51 US jurisdictions (50 states plus DC). Each source link opens the authority for its cell. The page source record lists the capture date for every cell, and the SHA-256 and snapshot path of the source document for the cells that have them.
Field definitions
- Principal office
- The cited jurisdiction result for whether the principal-office field requires a street address.
- Organizer or member
- The cited jurisdiction result for whether an organizer or member address field requires a street address.
- Registered agent
- The cited jurisdiction result for whether the registered-agent address field requires a street address.
- Mailing address
- The cited jurisdiction result for whether the mailing-address field requires a street address.
What can land-trust records show?
Land-trust evidence can establish only the cited trustee-on-deed, taxpayer-roll, recorder-record, assessor-portal, or beneficiary-disclosure field for the jurisdiction.
The five land-trust fields describe different record surfaces. A trustee named on a deed is not the same field as the taxpayer name on a tax roll. A recorder record can expose different information from an assessor portal. A beneficiary-disclosure trigger is a rule-bound condition rather than proof that a beneficiary appears in every record.
The Land-Trust Privacy by State reference owns the state-by-state record details. This page uses the same cited cells to show which public-system inputs belong in an exposure audit. It does not characterize a land trust as concealing a person, prove present beneficial ownership, or infer a property value. Title, record appearance, disclosure, legal remedy, and value remain separate predicates.
Unknown cells remain attached to their jurisdiction and field. An unavailable assessor result cannot be replaced by a recorder result, and a result from one state cannot fill a gap in another. That rule prevents a visible name in one record system from becoming a general conclusion about every record or every land-trust arrangement.
| Jurisdiction | Trustee on deed | Taxpayer on roll | Recorder record | Assessor portal | Disclosure triggers |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | No Alaska land-trust-specific rule on the trustee's title on the deed was found in the sources reviewed; AS 34.25.055 is general trust-conveyance law.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | No Alaska land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule found; Title 40 provides general public access to recorded documents and indices.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Alabama | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Arkansas | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) |
| Arizona | A deed or conveyance where the grantee is described as or acts as trustee triggers beneficiary disclosure.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Recorded trustee conveyance or change notice shows trust identification/legal description and beneficiary names/addresses or a recorded document reference.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Disclosure is triggered by trustee grantee conveyances, trustee grantor conveyances, and recorded notice of beneficiary changes.source |
| California | § 18100.5(c): the certification, as an acknowledged declaration signed by all currently acting trustees, may be recorded in the office of the county recorder in the county where the real property is located.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A recorded § 18100.5 certification shows the trust's existence, execution date, settlor identity, currently acting trustee identity, and the legal description of any real-property interest held in the trust; it does not show the dispositive terms or beneficiaries.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | § 18100.5(d)-(e): the certification need not contain the trust's dispositive provisions; a person whose interest is affected may require excerpts designating the trustee or conferring authority, but not the dispositive terms or beneficiary identities.source |
| Colorado | § 38-30-108.5(2): to evidence a trustee's authority over real property held in the trust's name, any trustee may execute and record a statement of authority with the county clerk and recorder of the county where the real property is located.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A recorded statement of authority shows the trust's name, entity description, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position; it does not show the settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | § 38-30-172(2)(d): a statement of authority need only state the entity's name, type/formation jurisdiction, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position — it does not require disclosure of the trust's settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms.source |
| Connecticut | In Connecticut a deed can convey real property to a trust itself instead of to its trustees, and the transfer is still valid and enforceable.source | Connecticut assessors list real estate under the person in whose name the title stands on the land records (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-64(a)).source | Connecticut's town clerk indexes an instrument that involves a trust under the trust's name and also under the names of all trustees named in the instrument.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| District of Columbia | No DC land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Title 29 ‘hold or take title to property’ power is the entity's generic property-holding clause, with no real-property/real-estate/deed text anywhere in the chapter.source | No District of Columbia rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.source | No District of Columbia land-trust rule on what the recorder's record shows was found; D.C. Code § 42-1501 (Statute of Uses) is general trust and conveyancing law, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule.source | No District of Columbia rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.source | No DC land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Title 29 certificate-of-trust content rule (trust name, principal-office address, registered agent) is the generic statutory-trust formation filing, not a real-property disclosure trigger.source |
| Delaware | No Delaware land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Act's title-holding language is the entity's generic ‘holding or otherwise taking title to property’ purpose clause, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule.source | No Delaware land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Delaware has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.source | No Delaware land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the statewide Act does not address real-property recording or deed-index treatment for statutory-trust property.source | No Delaware rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Delaware has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.source | No Delaware land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Act's beneficial-owner/beneficial-interest definitions and certificate-of-trust filing govern the generic statutory-trust entity, not a real-property disclosure trigger.source |
| Florida | Recorded instrument vests legal and equitable title in the land-trust trustee.source | Real property assessment roll includes the owner name and address.source | County official records show conveyances/transfers/mortgages and recorded instruments; land-trust title instrument can show trustee title without beneficiary names.source | County property appraiser prepares assessment rolls; roll includes owner/name-address fields and a confidentiality code under s. 119.071.source | Recorded land-trust instrument need not name beneficiaries; parties dealing with trustee need not inquire into unrecorded trust terms.source |
| Georgia | Legal title to trust-estate property vests and remains in the trustee during the estate.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The trust-estate deed is filed with the superior court clerk for the county of the trust principal office.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Beneficial interests are represented by certificates issued as provided by the deed.source |
| Hawaii | A recorded instrument transferring real-property interests to a qualified trustee vests legal and equitable title in the trustee.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The recorded conveyance transferring title to the trustee must disclose each beneficiary name and pro rata interest.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Beneficiaries must be disclosed in the recorded conveyance and in litigation, violation, government-contract, and application contexts stated in HRS §558-8.source |
| Iowa | Iowa treats real estate held of record by a trust as held of record by the trustee.source | Iowa assessment rolls are prescribed to permit entering the names of all persons assessed.source | The Iowa trustee-transfer affidavit form references the trust date, legal description, conveying instrument, and county recorder recording data.source | Not established — Who controls how an Iowa county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Iowa Code chapters on assessing and listing property do not mention an assessor's portal. | Not established — Whether Iowa requires land-trust beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Iowa Legislature search for the term land trust turns up only homestead-credit and land-recycling provisions in the Code, not a disclosure rule. |
| Idaho | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — What an Idaho county recorder's record shows for a land trust is unconfirmed: the Idaho recording sections read do not mention trusts or land trusts. | Not established — Who controls how an Idaho county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Idaho assessment sections read do not mention an assessor's portal. | Not established — Whether Idaho requires land-trust beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Idaho trust sections read do not mention land trusts. |
| Illinois | The Illinois land-trust definition states that legal and equitable title to real property is held by a trustee.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Illinois requires the trustee of a land trust to record, with the county recorder, an instrument that transfers a beneficial interest in the trust (with exceptions), and lets the recorded copy leave out the names of the parties.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Applications to Illinois, its agencies, or political subdivisions for land-related benefits, authorizations, licenses, or permits must identify each land-trust beneficiary by name, address, and interest.source |
| Indiana | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — Who is named on an Indiana tax roll for land held in a land trust is unconfirmed: Indiana law assesses property controlled by a trustee to the trustee, but does not say what name a county prints. | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Kansas | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Kentucky | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Kentucky's property-tax listing statute says the holder of legal title, the holder of equitable title, and the claimant or bailee in possession on the assessment date are liable for the taxes, and that the property may be assessed in any of their names.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Louisiana | Recorded trust extract must identify trustee information; the statute does not prescribe a separate marketing-style land-trust deed-title form.source | A recorded conveyance must designate the person responsible for property taxes and the mailing address for tax and assessment notices.source | Trust instrument or extract is recorded in each parish where the property is located.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Recording an extract of trust under R.S. 9:2092 requires beneficiary name or description.source |
| Massachusetts | The trustee who appears from registry or land-court records may sign the certificate for real estate owned by the nontestamentary trust.source | Massachusetts assessment lists exhibit valuation/classification/assessment and include nonresident owner names or descriptions where applicable.source | The most recently recorded trustee certificate in the registry of deeds for the county or district where the real estate lies controls.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A trustee certificate may certify the identity of trustees or beneficiaries; no separate mandatory land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found.source |
| Maryland | Maryland treats a deed to a trustee whose title is nominal only, and who has no express power of disposition or management, as void as to the trustee and as a direct grant to the named beneficiary (Real Property section 2-116(a)).source | Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that Tax-Property Article 2-211(b)(1) requires the owner of a tax account to be shown on its records, and that its records reflect the ownership of property listed within the deeds that are officially recorded among the county's land records.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that an owner who wants a name concealed in its records can create a trust, list the owner and others as the beneficiaries, and record a new deed in the land records transferring the property into the trust.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Maine | No Maine land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; 33 M.R.S. section 851-A is a general trust-conveyance rule and was not counted as a land-trust regime.source | No statewide Maine rule on how taxpayer names are displayed or controlled on tax rolls for land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.source | No Maine statewide land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule was found; general trust recording/notice provisions were reviewed as negative context.source | No statewide Maine rule on how assessor portals display or control information on land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.source | No Maine beneficiary-disclosure trigger specific to land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.source |
| Michigan | A real-property instrument executed pursuant to an express trust may be accompanied by a certificate of trust that includes the legal description of the affected real property.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A recorded certificate of trust supplies reliance protection; further examination is not required unless an amendment or revocation is recorded in the same office.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A trustee may furnish a certificate of trust instead of the trust instrument to a person other than a trust beneficiary; the certificate need not include dispositive terms.source |
| Minnesota | Trustee affidavits identify trustees empowered to transfer title interests in real property held in trust.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A certificate of trust may be recorded, and trustee affidavits may be recorded in county recorder or registrar of titles offices.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Missouri | Not addressed: Section 141.750's warranty-deed conveyance authority belongs to the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust, not a private trustee-title-on-deed mechanism.source | No statewide taxpayer-name-on-roll display rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set.source | Not addressed: Section 141.750's deed-recital rule governs the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust's tax-delinquent-land sales, not a private land-trust recorder-record disclosure rule.source | No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set.source | Not addressed: Section 141.710's 'beneficiaries' are the taxing authorities imposing real estate taxes, not private trust beneficiaries with a disclosure trigger.source |
| Mississippi | § 91-8-407(b)(2) permits the deed of conveyance itself to serve as the memorandum of trust (or an amendment to it) when it contains the information a memorandum must contain, so a recorded deed to the trust or trustee can itself satisfy the real-property trust-memorandum requirement.source | Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b) does not address whose name appears on the tax roll for trust-owned real property.source | Section 91-8-407(b)(1)-(2): a trust instrument or memorandum of trust filed for record with the clerk of the chancery court in the county where the real property is located shows the trust name, trustee identity/address, settlor identity/address, and the real-property description — it does not show beneficiaries or dispositive terms.source | Not addressed by the source: the statewide sources do not establish how county assessor portals display trust real property under Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b).source | § 91-8-407(b)(2) requires a memorandum of trust to state the trust's name, the trustee's identity and address, the settlor's identity and address, a legally sufficient description of the real-property interests held by or conveyed to the trust, termination terms, and the trustee's general powers — it does not require naming beneficiaries.source |
| Montana | No Montana land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; ‘property is held and managed by trustees’ is the entity's generic property-holding definition, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule.source | No Montana rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.source | No Montana land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the county clerk/recorder filing is a generic business-trust creating-instrument/amendment filing, not a land-trust real-property recorder rule.source | No Montana rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.source | No Montana land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the filed verified trustee list and transferable beneficial-interest certificates are generic business-trust filing/securities mechanics, not a real-property disclosure trigger.source |
| North Carolina | A deed or other instrument purporting to transfer property to a trust is deemed a transfer to the trustee or trustees of that trust.source | In North Carolina, real property whose title is held by a trustee, guardian or other fiduciary is listed by the fiduciary in a fiduciary capacity, unless another part of the same section provides otherwise.source | For real-property transactions, a certification of trust may be executed and acknowledged for registration in the county register of deeds office; the certification includes trustee identity/address and manner of taking title, but not dispositive terms.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| North Dakota | A North Dakota conveyance is not void or voidable solely because the grantee is a trust rather than the trustee, so long as the grantee's identity is reasonably ascertainable from the conveyance or other public record (N.D. Cent. Code § 47-19-42.1).source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | North Dakota deed records must show each grantee post-office address and any known or existing city street address; conveyances naming a trust as grantee are not void solely for naming the trust.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Nebraska | No Nebraska land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule was located in the reviewed official source set.source | No Nebraska land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule was located in the reviewed official source set.source | No Nebraska land-trust recorder-record display rule was located in the reviewed official source set.source | No Nebraska land-trust assessor-portal control rule was located in the reviewed official source set.source | No Nebraska land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger was located in the reviewed official source set.source |
| New Hampshire | A certification of trust may state the manner of taking title to trust property; conveyances affecting real estate title are recorded in the county registry of deeds.source | The inventory/tax record for real estate includes the owner name if known, and RSA 76:7-a can require an alphabetical list of real-estate owners with street address and assessed value.source | A deed, conveyance, court order, or other instrument affecting title to real estate is recorded at length in the county registry of deeds.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A trustee may furnish a certification instead of the trust instrument to nonbeneficiaries, and the certification need not contain dispositive terms; no separate land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found.source |
| New Jersey | Not established — Whether a New Jersey deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act lists, as an item of a certification of trust, the name under which title to trust property may be held, but does not say how title is shown on a deed, and the property title was not read. | Not established — Whose name appears on a New Jersey tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions tax rolls, assessment or a taxpayer, and the tax title of the statutes was not read. | Not established — What a New Jersey county recording office's record shows for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions recording a trust or a certification of trust against land, and the property title of the statutes was not read. | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| New Mexico | Not established — Whether a New Mexico deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) lists the manner of taking title to trust property as an item in a certification of trust, but nothing read says how title is shown on a deed. | Not established — Which name New Mexico shows on the property-tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention tax rolls or assessment. | In New Mexico a certification of trust used to affect title to real property can be recorded: the person receiving it may require a trustee to acknowledge it so that it can be recorded.source | Not established — Who controls how a New Mexico county assessor's online portal shows trust-held property is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention assessors, tax rolls or portals. | Not established — Whether New Mexico law requires a land trust's beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) has a certification of trust identify the settlor and the acting trustee, not the beneficiaries, and no provision on disclosing a land trust's beneficiaries was identified. |
| Nevada | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | County recorder documents and indexes are open to public inspection except statutory confidentiality exceptions; the index includes parties and document data.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | When a recorded document has a trustee party, Nevada recorder indexes include the trustee and the party for whom the trust is held; deed-of-trust trustee exceptions apply.source |
| New York | Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not specify trustee title-on-deed wording.source | Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state taxpayer-name-on-roll treatment.source | Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state what a recorder record shows for the trust.source | Not addressed: the assessor-filing step in Real Property Tax Law § 457-a belongs to the community land trust property-tax exemption, and New York has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests.source | Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state beneficiary-disclosure triggers.source |
| Ohio | If a trust is grantor or grantee and a compliant memorandum is recorded, the conveyance is considered to be to or from the trustee or trustees.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The county recorder records a memorandum of trust in official records; if it describes specific real property it is recorded under the specific-real-property official-records provision.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A memorandum of trust must state trustee name/address, trust execution date, and trustee real-property powers/restrictions; the required list does not include beneficiaries.source |
| Oklahoma | Real property may be acquired and held in the name of an express private trust, with conveyances made in the trust name by the trustees.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | For trust-held real property acquired after the act, the trustee files a memorandum of trust with the county clerk where the property is located.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The county-clerk memorandum required for trust-held real property states the creation date and trustee names; a certification of trust need not include dispositive terms.source |
| Oregon | Oregon deed law recognizes deeds made to a grantee in trust or designating the grantee as trustee without naming a beneficiary.source | Assessment roll sets down owner name; tax collector mails tax statements to the person shown on the tax roll as owner.source | County clerk real-property records include deed and mortgage records with direct grantor/grantee indexes.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | A nonbeneficiary proposing to deal with the trustee may require a certification of trust; dispositive terms need not be included.source |
| Pennsylvania | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source | Pennsylvania's recorder of deeds must document and maintain, for every recorded deed or conveyance of land, the deed date, the grantor and grantee names, the grantee's address, the consideration, the municipality, and the acreage and plan-lot designation when the deed mentions them, and must file that information monthly with the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. § 8862). The rule covers every deed; it has no land-trust provision.source | Each Pennsylvania county assessment office must keep property record cards showing the owner's name and mailing address and an owner index searchable by name, and the assessment roll, which lists the last known owner of record of each parcel, is open to public inspection at the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. §§ 8834, 8841). The chapter sets no online-portal rule and no land-trust rule.source | Unknown Verified absenceNo confirmed value is available for this field yet.source |
| Rhode Island | R.I. Gen. Laws 34-11-37 gives legal effect to a recorded conveyance naming the grantee “trustee” or “as trustee” even where the instrument does not itself state the trust's terms, provided it may instead specify a recorded instrument stating those terms -- a deed-to-trustee mechanism parallel to OR 93.210 and IA 614.14.source | The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address whose name appears on the tax roll.source | 34-11-37 contemplates the grantee's conveyance instrument being “duly executed and recorded,” optionally referencing a separately “recorded instrument which sets forth [the trust's] terms and the place in the public records where [that] instrument is recorded” -- a record-reference mechanism, not a requirement that the trust terms themselves appear on the conveyance.source | The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address who controls the name shown in a county assessor portal.source | 34-11-37 protects the grantee's right to sell and a subsequent transferee from liability to “any undisclosed beneficiary” when the trust terms are not set forth in the recorded instrument -- a protective/enabling provision for an undisclosed-beneficiary structure, not itself a disclosure mandate (contrast AZ 33-404, UT 75B-2-816).source |
| South Carolina | The statutory certificate-of-trust form states the manner of taking title to trust property for real-property transactions.source | In South Carolina, property held in a trust is listed and assessed as the property of the trustee, styled as trustee, committee or guardian as the case may be (S.C. Code § 12-37-740(3)).source | The Register of Deeds or Clerk of Court record shows the recorded certificate of trust (settlor, trust name, trust date, current trustee(s), trust address, and title-vesting manner) for a real-property transaction, not the trust's dispositive terms.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: the certificate of trust need not contain the trust's dispositive terms, so recording it for a real-property transaction does not disclose beneficiaries.source |
| South Dakota | No South Dakota land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; §47-14A-22's trustee legal-title provision is generic business-trust property language, and beneficial interest is expressly personal property.source | No South Dakota land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.source | No South Dakota land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the cited business-trust sections address trustee title and business-trust property, not county recorder display fields.source | No South Dakota land-trust assessor-portal rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to.source | No South Dakota land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; §§47-14A-1/17/19 define beneficial owner and undivided interest but create no land-trust-specific public disclosure trigger.source |
| Tennessee | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Tennessee requires each assessor to keep a record for every parcel of taxable real property that shows, among other items, the name of the true owner or owners, if known (Tenn. Code Ann. § 67-5-804(a)).source | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) |
| Texas | Texas Property Code § 114.087(a) provides that the trustee — not the trust itself — is considered the named party to a recorded instrument naming the trust, unless the trust is a legal entity under state law.source | Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address the taxpayer name shown on the appraisal roll; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields.source | When a § 114.086 certification of trust is recorded in the county where the trust's real property is located, Texas Property Code § 114.087(d) establishes that the recorded document is presumed to correctly identify the trust and the trustee.source | Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address county appraisal-district assessor-portal display; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields.source | Texas Property Code § 114.086(d) provides a certification of trust is not required to contain the trust's dispositive terms; § 114.086(j) preserves the right to obtain the full trust instrument only in a judicial proceeding — no public beneficiary-disclosure trigger outside litigation.source |
| Utah | Utah Code 75B-2-814(3)(c) requires the trustee's name and address (plus the trust's name/date) on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest; 75B-2-816(3) separately requires the same identifying terms be recited in the deed of transfer or a recorded instrument when title is held in trust.source | Utah property-tax source text defines the assessment roll and uses the owner address shown on the last assessment roll for notice.source | When title to real property is held in trust, Utah Code 75B-2-816(3) requires the recorded deed or instrument to recite the trustee's name and address and the trust's name and date; 75B-2-814(3)(c) separately requires the same identifying information on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest -- the county recorder's record reflects these recitals.source | No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Utah trust or land-trust property was identified in the reviewed source set.source | No land-trust-specific beneficiary disclosure trigger was identified in the reviewed Utah trust, business-trust, conveyance, and property-tax source set.source |
| Virginia | The Virginia statute refers to a recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Under the Virginia statute, where a deed of conveyance to a trustee is recorded, the interest of the beneficiaries is deemed personal property.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The Virginia statute describes a recorded deed of conveyance to a trustee in which no beneficiaries are specified by name or no duties are imposed upon the trustee.source |
| Vermont | § 1013(a)(5)-(6): the certificate that evidences a trustee's authority over title must itself name and give the address of each trustee currently empowered to act, with an abstract of the trustee's authorizing powers; Vermont does not separately prescribe a deed-recital title format beyond this certificate mechanism.source | In Vermont, real estate held in trust must be listed to the trustee or trustees (Vermont Department of Taxes, Lister and Assessor Handbook, GB-1143).source | When recorded in the municipal land records under § 1013(b), the certificate of trust documents the trust's existence, the trustee's identity and powers, and any limitations on those powers -- standing in for the full trust instrument -- not the trust's dispositive or beneficiary terms.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 1013(a) lets a trustee substitute a certificate -- setting forth less than all trust-instrument provisions -- for the full instrument when dealing with a person other than a beneficiary; the certificate's required contents (trust name/date, settlor and trustee identity, an authorizing-powers abstract, and revocation/amendment/court-supervision statements) do not include beneficiary names or dispositive terms.source |
| Washington | RCW 64.04.010 addresses real estate held in trust where the trust terms are of record; it does not prescribe a separate deed-title wording formula.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | The recorder-facing source addresses deeds and encumbrances, trust terms of record, and certificates or written evidence of trust-held real-estate interests.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | RCW 11.98.075 allows certification of trust to a non-beneficiary instead of the trust instrument; RCW 64.04.010 addresses written evidence of interests in trust-held real estate.source |
| Wisconsin | No Wisconsin land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; general conveyance law was treated as negative context under method-lt.source | Wisconsin assessment rolls are entered opposite the name of the person to whom the parcel is assessed.source | Wisconsin register-of-deeds law defines recorded documents to include deeds, mortgages, instruments, or writings.source | Wisconsin counties may assign a real property lister to maintain parcel ownership and description information.source | No Wisconsin land-trust-specific beneficiary-disclosure trigger was found in the reviewed trust, conveyance, assessment, and official-search source set.source |
| West Virginia | § 36-1-4a(a)(2)(iv): the memorandum of trust presented for recordation must itself recite the trustee's powers over acquisition, sale, disposition, or encumbering of real property (or incorporate the W. Va. Code § 44-5A-3 trust powers by reference) -- the recital that documents the trustee's title-holding authority on the recorded instrument.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | § 36-1-4a(d): upon presentation and fee payment, the clerk of the county commission records the memorandum of trust with the deed records and lists it in the grantor index under the settlor's name and the grantee index under the trustee's name; § 36-1-4a(c) states the recorded memorandum is notice only of the information it contains.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 36-1-4a(a)(2)(i)-(ii) requires only the trust's existence/date and the settlor's and trustee's (and any successor trustee's) names and mailing addresses -- no beneficiary names are required in the recordable memorandum.source |
| Wyoming | No Wyoming land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; Wyo. Stat. §34-2-123 is a general conveyancing-notice rule applying to ANY grantee described as a trust, not a land-trust-specific vesting mechanism.source | No Wyoming land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Title 39's annual-listing provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming the property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.source | No Wyoming land-trust county-recorder record rule found; §34-2-122 lets a conveyance define a trust-grantee by name/date or by record reference, a general conveyancing mechanic available for any trust, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule.source | No Wyoming land-trust assessor-portal rule found; Title 39's assessment-roll provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming any property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to.source | No Wyoming land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the undisclosed-beneficiary protection in §34-2-122 is general conveyancing law, and the statutory-trust certificate discloses only a trustee's business address, not a beneficiary.source |
Source: 51 US jurisdictions (50 states plus DC). Each source link opens the authority for its cell. The page source record lists the capture date for every cell, and the SHA-256 and snapshot path of the source document for the cells that have them.
Field definitions
- Trustee on deed
- The cited jurisdiction result for how trustee title appears on a deed.
- Taxpayer on roll
- The cited jurisdiction result for the taxpayer-name field on the relevant roll.
- Recorder record
- The cited jurisdiction result for what the recorder record shows.
- Assessor portal
- The cited jurisdiction result for the assessor-portal field and its recorded scope.
- Disclosure triggers
- The cited jurisdiction result for a beneficiary-disclosure trigger and its limits.
What does the beneficial-ownership system collect, and is it public?
Beneficial-ownership evidence keeps fields collected, public access, and current regime status separate; collection does not establish ordinary public availability or wealth.
The table answers three different questions. Fields collected describes the information within the cited reporting system. Public access describes the cited access boundary. Regime status describes the recorded current posture. None can be substituted for another, and a change to one field does not silently update the others.
Government possession does not become public searchability. An access rule does not establish that a particular person has been searched, and a regime-status cell does not establish that every entity or person is within the same reporting posture. Each cell remains tied to its jurisdiction, source, checked date, and limitation.
The beneficial-ownership system is not treated here as a public wealth database. Its cited fields do not establish current equity, cash, debt, asset value, net worth, or financial independence. An Unknown cell remains a gap for that precise field rather than an invitation to infer a result from another source.
| Jurisdiction | Fields collected | Public access | Regime status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alaska | Initial reports collect reporting-company name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures in 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies and U.S. persons exempt under the 2026 final rule.source |
| Alabama | Initial report collects company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Alabama state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources.source |
| Arkansas | Not established — Whether Arkansas lists the information collected in beneficial-ownership reports is not settled: the Arkansas Legislature website search of bills, acts and journals for the phrase beneficial ownership returned only two probate-code bills and two House journals, and the Secretary of State says it does not track ownership of an entity. The Arkansas Code, where an enacted law would be codified, can be searched only through a LexisNexis site whose search could not be run by page request, so a complete search of current law was not made. | Not established — Whether Arkansas makes beneficial-ownership reports publicly accessible is not settled: the Arkansas Legislature website search of bills, acts and journals for the phrase beneficial ownership returned only two probate-code bills and two House journals, and the Secretary of State says it does not track ownership of an entity. The Arkansas Code, where an enacted law would be codified, can be searched only through a LexisNexis site whose search could not be run by page request, so a complete search of current law was not made. | Not established — Whether Arkansas has an enacted beneficial-ownership reporting law is not settled: the Arkansas Legislature website search of bills, acts and journals for the phrase beneficial ownership returned only two probate-code bills and two House journals, and the Secretary of State says it does not track ownership of an entity. The Arkansas Code, where an enacted law would be codified, can be searched only through a LexisNexis site whose search could not be run by page request, so a complete search of current law was not made. |
| Arizona | Initial report collects reporting-company legal/trade names, address, formation/registration jurisdictions, TIN, and individual name/date-of-birth/address/ID/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not a public registry.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Arizona state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources.source |
| California | FinCEN initial reports collect the reporting company name and address and, for each beneficial owner and company applicant, the individual full legal name, date of birth and address.source | Beneficial-ownership information reported to FinCEN is confidential and may be disclosed only as federal rule 31 CFR 1010.955 authorizes.source | Federal rule: FinCEN issued a final rule that permanently removes the requirement for U.S. companies and U.S. persons to report beneficial ownership information to FinCEN.source |
| Colorado | Initial report collects reporting-company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Colorado state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources.source |
| Connecticut | An initial report of a reporting company includes the company's full legal name, any trade or doing-business-as name, and a complete current address.source | Information reported to FinCEN under section 1010.380 is confidential, and an individual who receives it may not disclose it except as the rule's listed exceptions authorize.source | FinCEN's final rule permanently removes the requirement for U.S. companies and U.S. persons to report beneficial ownership information to FinCEN under the Corporate Transparency Act.source |
| District of Columbia | DC's business-registration FAQ says the beneficial ownership information required includes each owner's name, residence address and business address.source | DLCP states that a copy of the report is available under the Certificates & Filing Images tab.source | DC has required beneficial-ownership reporting for entities formed or registered to do business in DC since January 1, 2020.source |
| Delaware | Initial report collects company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt. No Delaware state BOI filing regime found in reviewed Delaware sources.source |
| Florida | Initial reports collect reporting-company legal/trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; Florida state BOI filing regime was not found in reviewed official Florida sources.source |
| Georgia | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Hawaii | Initial report collects reporting-company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Hawaii state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources.source |
| Iowa | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying fields listed in 31 CFR 1010.380(b).source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; no Iowa state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed official Iowa sources.source |
| Idaho | Initial report fields include reporting company and beneficial-owner/company-applicant information.source | BOI is confidential except for authorized access categories in 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Not established — The reviewed primary source does not address this field |
| Illinois | Federal BOI reports collect legal name, trade names, current address, formation/registration jurisdictions, TIN, and beneficial-owner/applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for specified authorized disclosures.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. Illinois limited real-property contract owner-disclosure was captured separately, but no general Illinois business-entity BOI filing regime was established from reviewed state sources.source |
| Indiana | Federal BOI reports collect legal name, trade names, current address, formation/registration jurisdictions, TIN, and beneficial-owner/applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for specified authorized disclosures.source | Indiana has its own ownership-reporting rule for health care entities (IC 23-0.5-2-14): each health care entity that does business in Indiana must report, as part of the report required under that chapter, each person or entity that holds an ownership interest of at least five percent, a controlling interest, or an interest as a private equity partner, with business address, identifying numbers and ownership stake.source |
| Kansas | Federal initial BOI report includes reporting-company legal name and reportable individual legal name, among other fields.source | Federal BOI is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not a public registry.source | Federal BOI reporting is effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt. Kansas also has a limited foreign-principal real-property registration, not treated here as a general business-entity BOI filing regime.source |
| Kentucky | Initial report collects reporting-company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Kentucky state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state filing sources.source |
| Louisiana | Initial reports collect reporting-company information and, for reportable non-U.S. individuals, legal name, birth date, address, identification number, and document image.source | BOI is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal: the beneficial-ownership reporting rule is effective August 14, 2026; U.S. companies are exempt and only certain foreign companies report. State: Louisiana has no enacted or effective state beneficial-ownership reporting law -- the Louisiana Secretary of State's own page on the subject identifies Corporate Transparency Act reporting to FinCEN as federal, not a Louisiana filing, and searches of the Louisiana Revised Statutes return zero sections.source |
| Massachusetts | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying fields listed in 31 CFR 1010.380(b).source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; no Massachusetts state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed official Massachusetts sources.source |
| Maryland | Initial BOI reports include reporting-company information and individual beneficial-owner/company-applicant information for covered reporting companies.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized access and disclosure categories.source | Federal: beneficial-ownership reporting remains effective only for foreign reporting companies after FinCEN finalized exemptions for U.S. companies and U.S. persons. State: Maryland has its own beneficial-ownership disclosure regime for persons doing public business with Maryland governmental entities (Election Law §§ 14-101, 14-103.1 and 14-110, administered by the State Board of Elections); see the note for the statutory chain.source |
| Maine | Federal BOI reports collect reporting-company legal/trade names, current address, formation/registration jurisdictions, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for specified authorized disclosures.source | Maine does not collect BOI in Secretary of State filings; federal BOI reporting now applies to foreign-formed entities registered to do business in the United States and no longer to U.S.-created companies/persons.source |
| Michigan | Initial BOI reports collect reporting-company identifiers and beneficial-owner or company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 C.F.R. § 1010.955.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; Michigan official sources reviewed did not establish a separate Michigan state BOI regime.source |
| Minnesota | For entities still required to report, 31 CFR 1010.380 requires legal name, trade names, current U.S. address, jurisdiction information, taxpayer identification data, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant information.source | BOI is confidential and available to specified government and financial-institution recipients through 31 CFR 1010.955 request categories, not public access.source | FinCEN states the August 2026 final rule is effective on Federal Register publication and removes BOI reporting for U.S. companies and U.S. persons.source |
| Missouri | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company information and beneficial-owner/company-applicant information in the FinCEN-prescribed report.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | No separate Missouri state covered-entity BOI filing regime was found in the reviewed state sources; the Missouri SOS business portal provides a federal FinCEN BOI notice.source |
| Mississippi | An initial report of a reporting company must include the information the rule lists.source | Information reported to FinCEN under section 1010.380 is confidential, and an individual who receives it may not disclose it except as the rule's listed exceptions authorize.source | The FinCEN final rule on beneficial ownership information reporting became effective on August 14, 2026.source |
| Montana | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company fields and identifying fields for beneficial owners and company applicants when reportable.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for covered foreign reporting companies; no Montana state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed official Montana sources.source |
| North Carolina | Initial reports collect reporting-company information, including legal name, trade names, address, foreign jurisdiction of formation, and registration jurisdiction, plus beneficial-owner information under the rule.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies under FinCEN's 2026 final rule; U.S. companies are exempt and no North Carolina-administered BOI filing is identified.source |
| North Dakota | Initial BOI reports collect reporting-company identity/address/registration/tax identifiers and beneficial-owner or company-applicant identity details, including legal name, birth date, current address, identifying number, and document image.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through authorized access channels; it is not public access data.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; FinCEN permanently removed BOI reporting for U.S. companies and U.S. persons effective August 14, 2026.source |
| Nebraska | Initial reports collect reporting-company and beneficial-owner/company-applicant information specified by 31 CFR section 1010.380(b).source | BOI reported to FinCEN under section 1010.380 is confidential except as authorized by section 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; Nebraska state BOI filing regime was not found in reviewed official Nebraska sources.source |
| New Hampshire | Initial reports collect reporting-company legal/trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; no New Hampshire state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed NH LLC sources.source |
| New Jersey | FinCEN initial reports collect the reporting company name and address and, for each beneficial owner and company applicant, the individual full legal name, date of birth and address.source | Beneficial-ownership information reported to FinCEN is confidential and may be disclosed only as federal rule 31 CFR 1010.955 authorizes.source | Federal rule: FinCEN issued a final rule that permanently removes the requirement for U.S. companies and U.S. persons to report beneficial ownership information to FinCEN.source |
| New Mexico | Initial BOI reports collect reporting-company identity/address/registration/tax identifiers and beneficial-owner or company-applicant identity details, including legal name, birth date, current address, identifying number, and document image.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through authorized access channels; it is not public access data.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; FinCEN permanently removed BOI reporting for U.S. companies and U.S. persons effective August 14, 2026.source |
| Nevada | Initial BOI report still collects reporting-company information and beneficial-owner/applicant data for non-exempt covered reporting companies.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures.source | Federal FinCEN BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt under the 2026 final rule, and no Nevada state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed state sources.source |
| New York | The disclosure identifies each beneficial owner and applicant by legal name, birth date, address, and ID number.source | Natural-person beneficial-owner information is confidential in a secure Department of State database, with statutory exceptions.source | New York has an effective LLC beneficial-ownership disclosure regime.source |
| Ohio | Initial reports collect reporting-company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/tax ID and non-U.S.-person beneficial-owner/applicant identifying information where required.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI remains effective for foreign reporting companies; Ohio SOS states U.S. companies/persons are not required to report BOI to FinCEN. No Ohio state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources (Ohio Rev. Code 1706.16; Ohio SOS Business Filing Forms & Fee Schedule).source |
| Oklahoma | Initial BOI reports collect reporting-company identifiers and beneficial-owner or company-applicant name, birth date, address, identifying number, and document image.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 C.F.R. § 1010.955.source | The current BOI regime exempts U.S. companies and U.S. persons while preserving reporting for foreign reporting companies. No Oklahoma state BOI filing regime found in reviewed state sources (Title 18; Oklahoma SOS LLC filing forms).source |
| Oregon | Reporting-company fields include legal name, trade/DBA names, current address, foreign formation jurisdiction, State/Tribal registration jurisdiction, and TIN.source | BOI is not a public registry; disclosure is limited to authorized federal, State, local, Tribal, and financial-institution access pathways.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies are exempt.source |
| Pennsylvania | Initial reports collect reporting-company legal/trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; Pennsylvania DOS states the PA annual report is separate from the federal CTA BOI report, and no PA state BOI filing regime was found in reviewed PA state sources.source |
| Rhode Island | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying fields listed in 31 CFR 1010.380(b).source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; no RI state BOI filing regime was found in the reviewed RI sources.source |
| South Carolina | Initial report collects company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt. South Carolina SOS states BOI is not filed with the Secretary of State.source |
| South Dakota | For covered agricultural-land reporting, South Dakota collects legal description or common location, total acreage, and current use; federal BOI initial reports separately collect reporting-company and beneficial-owner/applicant information.source | South Dakota requires a public aggregated annual report for foreign entities and entities with foreign beneficial ownership that reported agricultural land; federal BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures.source | South Dakota annual reports include a state disclosure limited to agricultural land held by foreign entities or entities with foreign beneficial owners; federal BOI remains effective for certain foreign reporting companies.source |
| Tennessee | Federal initial BOI reports collect beneficial-owner and company-applicant identifying fields, including legal name, date of birth, and address.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Not established — The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked) |
| Texas | Initial reports collect reporting-company legal/trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; Texas state BOI filing regime was not found in reviewed official Texas sources.source |
| United States (federal) | Initial reports collect reporting-company name, trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures in 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies and U.S. persons exempt under the 2026 final rule.source |
| Utah | Initial federal BOI reports collect reporting-company information and beneficial-owner/company-applicant information in the FinCEN-prescribed report.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies and U.S. persons are exempt under FinCEN’s 2026 final rule.source |
| Virginia | An initial report of a reporting company includes the company's full legal name, any trade or doing-business-as name, and a complete current address.source | Information reported to FinCEN under section 1010.380 is confidential, and an individual who receives it may not disclose it except as the rule's listed exceptions authorize.source | FinCEN's final rule permanently removes the requirement for U.S. companies and U.S. persons to report beneficial ownership information to FinCEN under the Corporate Transparency Act.source |
| Vermont | Initial report collects company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting no longer applies to U.S. companies/persons; foreign reporting companies still report BOI for foreign individuals. No Vermont state BOI filing regime was found in the reviewed state source set.source |
| Washington | Initial report collects company name/trade name/address/jurisdiction/TIN and individual name/date of birth/address/ID information/image for reportable persons.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential and disclosed only through enumerated access channels, not public registry access.source | Federal BOI reporting remains effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt. No Washington state BOI filing regime found in reviewed Washington sources.source |
| Wisconsin | Federal initial BOI reports collect reporting-company fields and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying fields.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for covered foreign reporting companies; no Wisconsin state BOI collection regime was found in reviewed official Wisconsin sources.source |
| West Virginia | Initial federal reports collect reporting-company name, trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | Federal BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except for authorized disclosures; WV business-organization database data are separately available for purchase under state annual-report law.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; U.S. companies/persons are exempt. Reviewed WV sources establish annual/biennial reporting and public business-database data, but not a separate WV general BOI filing regime.source |
| Wyoming | Initial reports collect reporting-company legal/trade name, address, jurisdiction, TIN, and beneficial-owner/company-applicant identifying information.source | BOI reported to FinCEN is confidential except authorized disclosures under 31 CFR 1010.955.source | Federal BOI rule is effective for foreign reporting companies; Wyoming state BOI filing regime was not found in reviewed official Wyoming sources.source |
Source: 52 jurisdictions. Each source link opens the authority for its cell. The page source record lists the capture date for every cell, and the SHA-256 and snapshot path of the source document for the cells that have them.
Field definitions
- Fields collected
- The fields the cited beneficial-ownership record states are collected within its scope.
- Public access
- The public-access posture stated by the cited beneficial-ownership record.
- Regime status
- The current regime status stated by the cited record at its checked date.
What do these systems retain?
Retention is not measured by this dataset.
The current business-registry search, UCC, formation-address, and land-trust evidence families do not measure official record-retention periods. The same boundary applies when a cited field says that a filing is public, searchable, visible, or downloadable. Those words describe access or process properties, not how long an authority retains the record.
Filing-download access cannot be converted into a retention schedule. A visible field does not establish when it first appeared, how long it remains available, whether an older version is preserved, or when an authority removes or archives it. A source capture date records when the evidence was checked; it is not a retention period for the underlying government record.
The current evidence families contain no retention field, so the page prints no duration and supplies no estimate. A future retention claim would need its own cited source, named record category, jurisdiction, trigger, duration or criterion, exceptions, and checked date.
How may public records be joined without becoming a dossier?
Names, addresses, roles, and filing fields can be treated as possible join inputs, but this page performs no person-specific lookup and produces no estimate, score, inventory, or dossier.
A join input is a field that may appear in more than one record system. Entity names, officer or manager names, principal addresses, registered-agent names and addresses, debtor names and addresses, secured-party fields, deed or tax-roll names, and filing references can create potential connections across records. The existence of that potential is the exposure question this page addresses.
The inference boundary is equally important. A matching string does not by itself establish that two records concern the same person, that a role is current, that an address is residential, that an entity owns an asset, or that a filing represents a current balance. Similar names, shared agents, reused addresses, historical filings, and different record dates can all require evidence the cited field does not provide.
This page therefore stops at field-level observability. It does not supply search instructions for a named person, compile an operator-specific record set, rank exposure, identify targets, or recommend moving title or changing a structure. For the boundary between public records and family-address inferences, use How Systems Can Expose a Family Address. For the separate title, disclosure, and remedy boundary, use Asset Location vs Asset Protection.
Sources, freshness, limitations, and corrections
Each rendered row keeps its jurisdiction, source, checked date, field value or gap, and limitation together so a correction can change the affected cell without rewriting unrelated fields.
The page uses the cited business-registry and UCC matrices plus current address, land-trust, and beneficial-ownership cells. Freshness belongs to each cell. A newer check for one jurisdiction or field does not refresh another jurisdiction, another record system, or another predicate. Readers should use the source and checked date printed with the result rather than treating the page date as a universal effective date.
Unavailable fields remain explicit. An Unknown cell means the cited evidence does not supply an answer for that jurisdiction-field combination. It is not a no, a national default, or permission to borrow another field's value. Required combinations with unavailable evidence remain visibly unknown, and the table does not silently omit the affected jurisdiction or field.
Scope limits travel with the evidence. Query capability, displayed fields, address requirements, government collection, public access, filing downloads, public visibility, official retention, present ownership, and value are different questions. The tables establish only the predicates they name. They do not provide legal, tax, investment, or asset-protection advice.
A correction should identify the jurisdiction, field, source, changed statement, and new checked date. The source registry explains the evidence chain, while the corrections process provides the route for reporting a source or transcription issue. A corrected cell changes only the claim it supports; it does not authorize a broader wealth or ownership conclusion.
How to read Unknown
- Unknown: Verified absence
- The captured authority was searched and shows no such rule or filing. No value is printed because the absence is the finding. The reason and the authority are printed beside the badge.
- Unknown: Checked — record silent
- The official source for this field was read, and its own text is silent on it. No value is printed and none is inferred from the silence. The note beside the badge is either a line saying the record does not state it or the passage of the record that was read; the authority is linked.
- Unknown: Not yet verified
- The captured sources did not settle this field yet. No value is printed, not even an earlier one. The reason is printed beside the badge, and an authority is linked only when one was supplied.