Private Pierce

SIM Registration by Country

Compare each jurisdiction's accepted SIM-registration requirements by requirement type, and read every typed gap as unanswered rather than as an exemption or permission. The table omits the United Kingdom, Portugal, and Thailand because the official sources read did not settle every listed requirement in those jurisdictions.

Scope: 14 jurisdictions

SIM registration by country

SIM registration duties differ by jurisdiction and stage; this matrix reports each accepted authority, identity, activation, retention, and source-scope requirement separately while leaving unsupported fields as typed gaps.

Read each jurisdiction requirement by requirement. An authority row identifies the cited rule source; identity, tourist, eSIM, biometric, purchase-versus-activation, retention, and source-scope rows answer different questions and cannot substitute for one another.

The accepted United Arab Emirates record illustrates the stage distinction. A licensee must complete registration before activating service for a new mobile consumer and notify the consumer of registration and activation success or failure within 48 hours. That answer belongs to the cited United Arab Emirates rule and is not generalized to another jurisdiction.

An answered row states only what its accepted government source supports. A typed gap remains unanswered, and a proposal, prospective provision, enacted rule, operative rule, and evidenced not-applicable result retain their separate source-bounded meanings.

  1. Start with the authority and source-scope rows for the jurisdiction.
  2. Read the identity and purchase-versus-activation rows as separate requirements.
  3. Check retention independently; an activation rule does not supply a retention period.
  4. Keep every typed gap unresolved unless the accepted cell supplies a publishable answer.
SIM registration by country
JurisdictionAccepted requirement
United Arab Emirates: authorityTDRA's Mobile Subscriber Registration Requirements initiative requires licensed telecom providers to register subscriber data accurately with proper documentation and prohibits issuing or transferring SIMs without full identity verification.source
United Arab Emirates: biometric ruleTDRA's current SIM FAQ specifies the original Emirates ID for SIM registration and permits UAE Pass for electronic data updates; it does not state a standalone biometric-capture requirement in the SIM rule itself.source
United Arab Emirates: esim ruleTDRA states that registration requirements apply to all types of mobile SIM cards used for voice or data; the cited rule does not create a separate eSIM exemption.source
United Arab Emirates: identity ruleFor registration or renewal, citizens and residents use an Emirates ID; visitors use a passport or, for GCC citizens, a GCC national ID; institutions use an establishment card and valid trade licence.source
United Arab Emirates: purchase vs activationA licensee must complete registration before activating service for a new mobile consumer and must notify the consumer of registration and activation success or failure within 48 hours.source
United Arab Emirates: retentionLicensees keep registration information while a SIM is active, retain deactivated-SIM registration records for at least 12 months, and keep the main Article 5.4 registration information across number statuses.source
United Arab Emirates: source scopeThe source is TDRA's UAE mobile-subscriber registration initiative and applies to all licensed telecom providers; it is a regulator rule summary rather than a comparison of individual carrier products.source
United Arab Emirates: tourist ruleVisitors may obtain time-limited mobile SIMs using a passport and may register up to two SIM cards per service provider, compared with five per provider for residents.source
Switzerland: authorityThe Swiss Federal Council promulgated VÜPF on 15 November 2017; the cited consolidation states 26 March 2024 and cites BÜPF as a legal basis.source
Switzerland: biometric ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedArt. 20a23 Erbringung des Identitätsnachweises bei natürlichen Personen bei Mobilfunkdiensten 1 Bei natürlichen Personen muss der Identitätsnachweis der oder des Teilnehmenden durch Vorzeigen eines der folgenden, am Erfassungstag gültigen Dokumente erbracht werden: a. einem schweizerischen oder ausländischen Reisepass; b. einer schweizerischen oder ausländischen Identitätskarte; oder c. einem Ausländerausweis gemäss den Artikeln 71 und 71a der Verordnung vom 24. Oktober 200724 über Zulassung, Aufenthalt und Erwerbstätigkeit. 2 Folgende Angaben der oder des Teilnehmenden werden erfasst: a. gestützt auf das Dokument: 1. Namen und Vornamen, 2. Geburtsdatum, 3. Art des Dokuments, dessen Nummer und das ausstellende Land bezie- hungsweise die ausstellende Organisation, 4. Nationalitäten; b. Adresse; c. falls bekannt: Beruf. 3 BeiKundenbeziehungen ohne Abonnementsverhältnis müssen zudem folgende Angaben erfasst werden: a. Zeitpunkt der Abgabe der Zugangsmittel oder der erstmaligen Aktivierung der Dienste; b. Name und vollständige Adresse der Abgabe- oder Aktivierungsstelle; c. Namen und Vornamen der erfassenden Person. 4 Die FDA oder gegebenenfalls die Wiederverkäuferin muss vom Originaldokument eine gut lesbare elektronische Kopie erstellen oder erstellen lassen. Die Wiederver- käuferin übermittelt die Angaben nach den Absätzen 2 und 3 sowie die Kopie inner- halb von 3 Tagen nach der Erfassung an die FDA.source
Switzerland: esim ruleThe ordinance defines SIM to include a chip built into the device and expressly includes eSIM.source
Switzerland: identity ruleA person proves identity with a passport, identity card, or qualifying foreign-national identity card valid on the collection date. The recorded data include names, birth date, document type and number, issuing country or organisation, nationalities, address, and occupation if known; non-subscription relationships also record delivery or first-activation details and a readable electronic copy of the original document.source
Switzerland: purchase vs activationThe rule checks identity proof when access means are supplied or a mobile service is first activated; the reseller bears the duty when it directly performs that supply or activation.source
Switzerland: retentionUnder the rule, providers of mobile services must retain the participant information specified in 20a and 20b and the identity-document copy throughout the customer relationship and for six months after it ends.source
Switzerland: source scopeA federal Q&A page published 17 November 2017 covers Swiss postal and telecommunications surveillance under the LSCPT and its implementing ordinances. It gives 1 March 2018 as their commencement date and says law-enforcement authorities must have the tools needed to investigate offences committed using new technologies.source
Switzerland: tourist ruleThe rule accepts a valid foreign passport or foreign identity card as proof of identity.source
Germany: authorityTKG section 172 requires providers of the listed number-based interpersonal, internet-access, or signal-transmission services to collect and immediately store specified subscriber and service data before activation for the security-authority information procedures in sections 173 and 174.source
Germany: biometric ruleThe permitted automated video-identification procedure requires live interaction and technical measures to detect manipulation of the person, identity document, and recordings.source
Germany: esim ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedMittels einer Verfügung wird geregelt, welche Verfahren zulässig sind, um die Daten eines künftigen Anschlussinhabers einer Prepaid - SIM -Karte auf Richtigkeit zu überprüfen.source
Germany: identity rulePrepaid mobile providers must verify collected subscriber name, address, and date of birth data before activation when those data appear in submitted documents or consulted registers. Verification may use the listed identity documents or another suitable procedure determined by the Federal Network Agency, with a statutory identity document used before activation.source
Germany: purchase vs activationPrepaid-SIM subscriber data must be verified against an identity document before the SIM card is activated.source
Germany: retentionData collected under TKG section 172(1) through (3) must be deleted at the end of the calendar year following termination of the contractual relationship.source
Germany: source scopeThe German Telecommunications Act was enacted on 23 June 2021, entered into force on 1 December 2021, and the retained consolidation records amendments through May 2026; section 172(2) applies enhanced verification to prepaid mobile-service providers.source
Germany: tourist ruleThe listed verification documents include an official photo identification document recognized or admitted under immigration law, including a passport, identity card, or substitute document.source
Estonia: authorityThe Electronic Communications Act governs retained mobile-service identifiers and expressly addresses anonymous prepaid-service activation metadata.source
Estonia: biometric ruleBiometric processing in the cited identity law concerns identity-document procedures; the prepaid activation rule itself records activation time and cell identifier, not biometrics.source
Estonia: esim ruleFor Mobile-ID, digital-identification and signing certificates may be tied to a physical SIM or eSIM; this is a digital-document credential rule, not a general eSIM purchase-registration mandate.source
Estonia: identity ruleThe Act expressly contemplates communications-service contracts where the customer's identity is not identified and separately names anonymous prepaid mobile service; it does not establish universal prepaid real-name registration.source
Estonia: purchase vs activationFor anonymous prepaid mobile service, the statutory data point is first activation date, time, and cell identifier, not purchase time.source
Estonia: retentionCovered mobile and internet communications metadata is retained for one year from the communication when created or processed in providing the service.source
Estonia: source scopeThe SIM findings are limited to statutory subscriber/retention rules and the separate Mobile-ID credential provisions; they do not generalize Mobile-ID requirements to all SIM or eSIM sales.source
Estonia: tourist ruleThe anonymous prepaid-service rule is not conditioned on Estonian citizenship or residence; the Act states no separate tourist registration rule for prepaid activation.source
France: authorityArticle 29 of Law no. 2025-532 of 13 June 2025 amended CPCE Article L.34-1 to add prepaid interpersonal communications services and assign civil-identity verification conditions and exempt state services to a Conseil d'Etat decree.source
France: biometric ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedII bis.-Les opérateurs de communications électroniques sont tenus de conserver : 1° Pour les besoins des procédures pénales, de la prévention des menaces contre la sécurité publique et de la sauvegarde de la sécurité nationale, les informations relatives à l'identité civile de l'utilisateur, jusqu'à l'expiration d'un délai de cinq ans à compter de la fin de validité de son contrat ou de son service de communications interpersonnelles avec prépaiement. Un décret en Conseil d'Etat détermine les conditions dans lesquelles les opérateurs vérifient les données relatives à l'identité civile ainsi que les services de l'Etat qui ne sont pas soumis à cette vérification ;source
France: esim ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedII bis.-Les opérateurs de communications électroniques sont tenus de conserver : 1° Pour les besoins des procédures pénales, de la prévention des menaces contre la sécurité publique et de la sauvegarde de la sécurité nationale, les informations relatives à l'identité civile de l'utilisateur, jusqu'à l'expiration d'un délai de cinq ans à compter de la fin de validité de son contrat ou de son service de communications interpersonnelles avec prépaiement. Un décret en Conseil d'Etat détermine les conditions dans lesquelles les opérateurs vérifient les données relatives à l'identité civile ainsi que les services de l'Etat qui ne sont pas soumis à cette vérification ;source
France: identity ruleCPCE Article L.34-1 requires operators to retain users' civil-identity information for five years after the end of a contract or prepaid interpersonal communications service, while verification conditions and exempt state services are set by Conseil d'Etat decree.source
France: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedII bis.-Les opérateurs de communications électroniques sont tenus de conserver : 1° Pour les besoins des procédures pénales, de la prévention des menaces contre la sécurité publique et de la sauvegarde de la sécurité nationale, les informations relatives à l'identité civile de l'utilisateur, jusqu'à l'expiration d'un délai de cinq ans à compter de la fin de validité de son contrat ou de son service de communications interpersonnelles avec prépaiement. Un décret en Conseil d'Etat détermine les conditions dans lesquelles les opérateurs vérifient les données relatives à l'identité civile ainsi que les services de l'Etat qui ne sont pas soumis à cette vérification ;source
France: retentionThe official Assembly report states that operators retain a user's civil-identity information for five years after the contract ends, while other subscription/account and payment information is retained for one year.source
France: source scopeThe official report describes operator identification information as civil-status data, address, pseudonyms, and payment-related information; the matrix reports only the national legal scope and not provider implementation.source
France: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedII bis.-Les opérateurs de communications électroniques sont tenus de conserver : 1° Pour les besoins des procédures pénales, de la prévention des menaces contre la sécurité publique et de la sauvegarde de la sécurité nationale, les informations relatives à l'identité civile de l'utilisateur, jusqu'à l'expiration d'un délai de cinq ans à compter de la fin de validité de son contrat ou de son service de communications interpersonnelles avec prépaiement. Un décret en Conseil d'Etat détermine les conditions dans lesquelles les opérateurs vérifient les données relatives à l'identité civile ainsi que les services de l'Etat qui ne sont pas soumis à cette vérification ;source
Georgia: authorityGeorgia's Electronic Communications Law and ComCom consumer regulation require properly executed subscriber contracts and correct customer identification for electronic communications service.source
Georgia: biometric ruleThe SIM-specific provision authorises verification of application identifying data against the Public Service Development Agency database but enumerates no biometric-capture step; it does not establish a biometric requirement for the transaction.source
Georgia: esim ruleFor mobile-number portability, the recipient operator must identify the person under the subscriber-identification rule before handing over a standard or electronic SIM; eSIM is therefore expressly within the same identification framework.source
Georgia: identity ruleWhen a service contract or remote transaction is made, a provider may verify the applicant's identifying data against the Public Service Development Agency database and may refuse service when non-contact data do not match and the applicant cannot be identified unambiguously.source
Georgia: purchase vs activationIn a mobile-number port, the recipient operator must conclude the subscriber contract no later than one hour before completion; absent a contract by then, the port stops. This distinguishes contract completion from final port activation.source
Georgia: retentionAn electronic communications company may retain contract identity/contact/equipment-location/subscriber-number data for no more than four years after contract termination, and communication-identification and billing data for no more than four years after communication; expiry triggers deletion or destruction, with automated destruction completed within 30 days.source
Georgia: source scopeThe SIM findings use the national Electronic Communications Law and ComCom's consumer-service regulation: the law requires properly executed contracts, while the regulation governs written/electronic contracts, remote transactions, subscriber identity/contact information, and correct identification.source
Georgia: tourist ruleThe operative rule is applicant-neutral: it covers the person identified in a service-contract or remote-transaction application and states no separate tourist pathway or tourist exemption.source
Paraguay: authorityRD 0656/2008 requires mobile-service providers to maintain a user registry and establishes registration and stolen-terminal controls.source
Paraguay: biometric ruleThe regulation requires identity-document copies and comparison with originals; it does not state that the provider must collect a biometric template for SIM registration.source
Paraguay: esim ruleNot applicable: the cited resolution text lists the terminal's electronic serial number and SIM card data generally and states no separate eSIM rule.source
Paraguay: identity ruleAt activation, the sales agent must identify and register the user, verify the requesting person's identity document against the original, and retain the required identity or entity documents.source
Paraguay: purchase vs activationIdentification and registration attach to activation: the sales agent must complete the stated checks for activation, and the provider must receive the supporting documents within 30 days after activation.source
Paraguay: retentionFor deactivated lines, the provider must retain the registered data for at least one year after service cancellation.source
Paraguay: source scopeCONATEL's official index labels RD 0656/2008 as the third version of the mobile-service user registration and identification rule.source
Paraguay: tourist ruleNot applicable: the cited resolution text lists the type, number and origin of the identity document and states no separate tourist registration route.source
Singapore: authorityThe captured IMDA facilities-based operator licence schedule requires the licensee to maintain a postpaid SIM subscriber register for inspection by authorised Singapore government agencies.source
Singapore: biometric ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedOther safeguards were put in place for the registration of SIM cards such as requiring the use of government-issued identification documents for registration, disallowing the use of foreign passports to register for postpaid SIM cards, and requiring the use of Singpass for online registration.source
Singapore: esim ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedOther safeguards were put in place for the registration of SIM cards such as requiring the use of government-issued identification documents for registration, disallowing the use of foreign passports to register for postpaid SIM cards, and requiring the use of Singpass for online registration.source
Singapore: identity ruleIMDA states that SIM registration safeguards require government-issued identification, disallow foreign passports for postpaid SIM registration, and require Singpass for online registration. Separately, the 2018 EITC facilities-based operator licence requires production of the applicable identity card, passport, or Employment Pass before postpaid particulars are recorded, and requires a photocopy of that evidence.source
Singapore: purchase vs activationFor overseas or in-flight prepaid sales, the retailer must forward the customer's records within seven working days after purchase; postpaid registration procedures must occur before service activation.source
Singapore: retentionThe licensee must keep prepaid customer records and postpaid subscriber records for at least 12 months from service termination.source
Singapore: source scopeIn Singapore, IMDA, in consultation with the Singapore Police Force, states that from 28 February 2026 each person may register at most 10 postpaid SIM cards across all telcos.source
Singapore: tourist ruleIMDA states that foreign passports are disallowed for postpaid SIM registration, while government-issued identification and Singpass online registration are required. Separately, for prepaid registration, the 2018 EITC licence lists a passport and specified passes for a customer in Singapore and requires best-efforts identity verification through locally recognised documents for a customer outside Singapore.source
United States: authorityFCC 26-27 is a federal notice of proposed rulemaking that asks whether to impose prepaid-service KYC measures; it is not an adopted nationwide purchaser-identification rule.source
United States: biometric ruleThe FCC SIM-change rule is performance-based: providers must use secure identity authentication and may not rely on specified readily available data; it does not prescribe a biometric method in the quoted rule.source
United States: esim ruleFor the FCC SIM-change safeguards, SIM expressly includes both physical and virtual cards, so the change-authentication rule covers eSIM/virtual-SIM changes as well as physical SIM changes.source
United States: identity ruleThe current FCC record asks what information providers obtain from prepaid-SIM purchasers and whether KYC should be imposed; the notice itself does not create a nationwide ID-at-purchase mandate.source
United States: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
United States: retentionCMRS providers must retain enumerated SIM-change request and authentication-measure metrics for at least three years.source
United States: source scopeFCC 26-27 states that its discussed KYC measures apply only to originating voice-service providers.source
United States: tourist ruleFCC 26-27 distinguishes prepaid/postpaid and retail/online channels but states no separate tourist or nonresident class; any carrier or state requirements need separate verification.source
American Samoa: authorityThe Federal Communications Commission governs the captured CMRS SIM-change rule under sections 1, 2, 4, 201, 222, 251, 303, and 332 of the Communications Act of 1934, implemented in 47 CFR parts 52 and 64.source
American Samoa: biometric ruleThe captured FCC rule is performance-based: a CMRS provider must use secure methods reasonably designed to confirm identity before a SIM change and may not rely on listed readily available data. The operative paragraph does not prescribe a biometric method.source
American Samoa: esim ruleFor the FCC SIM-change safeguards, SIM expressly includes both physical and virtual cards, so the change-authentication rule covers eSIM/virtual-SIM changes as well as physical SIM changes.source
American Samoa: identity ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedTake affirmative, effective measures to prevent new and renewing customers from using its network to originate illegal calls, including knowing its customers and exercising due diligence in ensuring that its services are not used to originate illegal traffic.source
American Samoa: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
American Samoa: retentionCMRS providers must retain enumerated SIM-change request and authentication-measure metrics for at least three years.source
American Samoa: source scopeFCC 26-27 is a Federal Communications Commission Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking adopted April 30, 2026 and released May 1, 2026. Its KYC discussion applies only to originating voice-service providers and includes commercial mobile radio service; it seeks comment on prepaid and postpaid customer-information requirements and prepaid SIM sales through third-party vendors.source
American Samoa: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there differences in current industry KYC information collections based upon whether the customer is seeking prepaid or postpaid plans or whether the customer purchases a prepaid plan at a retail store or online?source
Guam: authorityFCC 26-27 is a federal notice of proposed rulemaking that asks whether customer-information requirements should vary for prepaid and postpaid service plans.source
Guam: biometric ruleFor SIM changes, a CMRS provider must use secure methods reasonably designed to confirm identity; authentication may not rely on specified readily available biographical, account, recent-payment, or call-detail information unless otherwise permitted under 47 U.S.C. § 345 or Part 64, Subpart II.source
Guam: esim ruleFor the FCC SIM-change safeguards, SIM expressly includes both physical and virtual cards, so the change-authentication rule covers eSIM/virtual-SIM changes as well as physical SIM changes.source
Guam: identity ruleThe current FCC record asks what information providers obtain from prepaid-SIM purchasers and whether KYC should be imposed; the notice itself does not create a nationwide ID-at-purchase mandate.source
Guam: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
Guam: retentionA CMRS provider must track and maintain the enumerated SIM-change request, complaint, remediation, and authentication-measure data for a minimum of three years.source
Guam: source scopeFCC 26-27's discussed KYC measures are limited to originating voice-service providers.source
Guam: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there differences in current industry KYC information collections based upon whether the customer is seeking prepaid or postpaid plans or whether the customer purchases a prepaid plan at a retail store or online?source
Northern Mariana Islands: authorityThe Federal Communications Commission (FCC), through the FCC 26-27 notice of proposed rulemaking, frames possible prepaid-service KYC measures; the notice asks questions and does not itself adopt a nationwide purchaser-identification rule.source
Northern Mariana Islands: biometric ruleFor SIM changes, a CMRS provider must use secure methods reasonably designed to confirm identity; authentication may not rely on specified readily available biographical, account, recent-payment, or call-detail information unless otherwise permitted under 47 U.S.C. § 345 or Part 64, Subpart II.source
Northern Mariana Islands: esim ruleFor the FCC SIM-change safeguards, SIM expressly includes both physical and virtual cards, so the change-authentication rule covers eSIM/virtual-SIM changes as well as physical SIM changes.source
Northern Mariana Islands: identity ruleThe current FCC record asks what information providers obtain from prepaid-SIM purchasers and whether KYC should be imposed; the notice itself does not create a nationwide ID-at-purchase mandate.source
Northern Mariana Islands: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
Northern Mariana Islands: retentionA CMRS provider must track and maintain the enumerated SIM-change request, complaint, remediation, and authentication-measure data for a minimum of three years.source
Northern Mariana Islands: source scopeFCC 26-27's discussed KYC measures are limited to originating voice-service providers.source
Northern Mariana Islands: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there differences in current industry KYC information collections based upon whether the customer is seeking prepaid or postpaid plans or whether the customer purchases a prepaid plan at a retail store or online?source
Puerto Rico: authorityFCC 26-27 is a Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, adopted April 30, 2026 and released May 1, 2026. Its KYC discussion applies only to originating voice service providers.source
Puerto Rico: biometric ruleThe FCC requires secure authentication before a SIM change but departed from prescribing particular authentication methods, allowing providers flexibility to implement current and effective methods.source
Puerto Rico: esim ruleFor SIM changes, 47 CFR § 64.2010(h) covers CMRS providers including wireless resellers, defines SIM to include physical or virtual cards, and requires secure authentication before the change subject to the stated Safe Connections Act and Part 64 exceptions.source
Puerto Rico: identity ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedTake affirmative, effective measures to prevent new and renewing customers from using its network to originate illegal calls, including knowing its customers and exercising due diligence in ensuring that its services are not used to originate illegal traffic.source
Puerto Rico: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
Puerto Rico: retentionWireless providers must track and maintain information about SIM-change requests and authentication measures for at least three years, including the enumerated request, fraud, complaint, remediation-time, and authentication-measure information categories.source
Puerto Rico: source scopeFor SIM changes, 47 CFR § 64.2010(h) covers CMRS providers, including wireless resellers, and physical or virtual SIM cards; compliance with paragraph (h) is not required until the paragraph is removed or contains a compliance date.source
Puerto Rico: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there differences in current industry KYC information collections based upon whether the customer is seeking prepaid or postpaid plans or whether the customer purchases a prepaid plan at a retail store or online?source
U.S. Virgin Islands: authorityThe captured Report and Order was adopted under sections 1, 2, 4, 201, 222, 251, 303, and 332 of the Communications Act and amended 47 CFR parts 52 and 64.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: biometric ruleFor SIM changes, a CMRS provider must use secure methods reasonably designed to confirm identity; authentication may not rely on specified readily available biographical, account, recent-payment, or call-detail information unless otherwise permitted under 47 U.S.C. § 345 or Part 64, Subpart II.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: esim ruleFor the FCC SIM-change safeguards, SIM expressly includes both physical and virtual cards, so the change-authentication rule covers eSIM/virtual-SIM changes as well as physical SIM changes.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: identity ruleThe current FCC record asks what information providers obtain from prepaid-SIM purchasers and whether KYC should be imposed; the notice itself does not create a nationwide ID-at-purchase mandate.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: purchase vs activationUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there KYC measures we can impose for prepaid service purchased through third-party vendors such as prepaid SIM cards? What, if any, customer information do wireless providers obtain from customers who purchase prepaid SIM cards?source
U.S. Virgin Islands: retentionA CMRS provider must track and maintain the enumerated SIM-change request, complaint, remediation, and authentication-measure data for a minimum of three years.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: source scopeThe discussed KYC measures apply only to originating voice-service providers.source
U.S. Virgin Islands: tourist ruleUnknown Not yet verifiedAre there differences in current industry KYC information collections based upon whether the customer is seeking prepaid or postpaid plans or whether the customer purchases a prepaid plan at a retail store or online?source

Source: 14 jurisdictions. Each source link opens the authority for its cell. The page source record lists the capture date and snapshot for every cell.

Field definitions

Accepted requirement
The accepted government-source answer or typed gap for the jurisdiction and SIM-registration requirement named by the row.

eSIM and tourist-SIM rules

Tourist treatment and eSIM scope are independent: Thailand's cited tourist-SIM rule sets a 60-day limit and renewed identity registration for continued use, while Georgia's cited portability rule places standard and electronic SIMs in the same identification framework.

Thailand's accepted rule states that a foreign tourist SIM is limited to 60 days and cannot be extended by top-up; continued use after 60 days requires renewed identity registration with the provider. Georgia's accepted portability rule requires the recipient operator to identify the person before handing over a standard or electronic SIM.

Each example stays inside its source. The Thailand visitor-duration rule does not answer whether another jurisdiction treats a tourist differently, and the Georgia portability rule does not establish a general eSIM purchase mandate. Where an accepted eSIM or tourist field is unknown or not applicable, that status remains visible instead of being rewritten as an exemption.

For carrier-versus-VoIP acceptance, use the acceptance-and-verification section of VoIP and Carrier Numbers. For issuance and use of local carrier numbers abroad, use the carrier-numbers-abroad section of VoIP and Carrier Numbers. For masking, retention, and verification-trigger capabilities, use the Private Phone-Number App Comparison; this page does not restate product-specific facts.

  • Tourist duration and eligibility come only from the jurisdiction's accepted tourist-rule row.
  • eSIM scope comes only from an accepted rule that expressly includes or addresses an electronic or virtual SIM.
  • A general identity rule does not create an unstated tourist pathway or eSIM exemption.
  • Carrier acceptance, carrier numbers abroad, and product capabilities remain with their linked owner pages.

Biometric registration

Thailand's cited rule expressly uses real-time liveness detection for covered registrations and replacements, while the cited United States SIM-change rule requires secure authentication without prescribing a biometric method.

From 18 August 2025, Thailand's accepted source applies real-time liveness detection to new prepaid and postpaid registrations and same-number SIM replacements. The cited face check rejects photographs, videos, and three-dimensional masks and operates alongside original valid identity documents.

The accepted United States record states a different rule. A provider must use secure methods reasonably designed to confirm identity before a covered SIM change, but the cited rule does not prescribe a biometric method. That performance-based authentication duty is not rewritten here as facial or fingerprint capture.

The distinction controls every row: an explicit biometric or liveness requirement may be stated as such; a document requirement remains a document requirement; a secure-authentication duty remains performance based; and a typed gap supplies no biometric answer.

  • Explicit biometric or liveness rule: state only the method and transaction scope the accepted source names.
  • Document rule: do not infer biometric collection from an identity-card, passport, or document-comparison requirement.
  • Performance-based authentication: do not insert a biometric method the rule does not prescribe.
  • Typed gap: leave the biometric question unanswered.

How to read Unknown

Unknown: Verified absence
The captured authority was searched and shows no such rule or filing. No value is printed because the absence is the finding. The reason and the authority are printed beside the badge.
Unknown: Not yet verified
The captured sources did not settle this field yet. No value is printed, not even an earlier one. The reason is printed beside the badge, and an authority is linked only when one was supplied.