{ "cells": { "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The board keeps the books; the foundation auditor is a statutory organ and audits the financial statements and books within three months after presentation.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Privatstiftungsgesetz Art. I §§ 18, 20, 21", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Der Stiftungsvorstand hat die Bücher der Privatstiftung zu führen; hiebei sind die §§ 189 bis 216, 222 bis 226 Abs. 1, 226 Abs. 3 bis 234 und 236 bis 239 HGB, der § 243 HGB über den Lagebericht sowie die §§ 244 bis 267 HGB über den Konzernabschluß und den Konzernlagebericht sinngemäß anzuwenden. Im Lagebericht ist auch auf die Erfüllung des Stiftungszwecks einzugehen. Der Stiftungsvorstand hat die Bücher der Privatstiftung zu führen; hiebei sind die Paragraphen 189 bis 216, 222 bis 226 Absatz eins, 226, Absatz 3 bis 234 und 236 bis 239 HGB, der Paragraph 243, HGB über den Lagebericht sowie die Paragraphen 244 bis 267 HGB über den Konzernabschluß und den Konzernlagebericht sinngemäß anzuwenden. Im Lagebericht ist auch auf die Erfüllung des Stiftungszwecks einzugehen.\n\nArt. 1 § 19\n\nText\n\nVergütung der Mitglieder des Stiftungsvorstands\n\n§ 19.Paragraph 19,\n\n1. (1)Absatz eins,Soweit in der Stiftungserklärung nichts anderes vorgesehen ist, ist den Mitgliedern des Stiftungsvorstands für ihre Tätigkeit eine mit ihren Aufgaben und mit der Lage der Privatstiftung in Einklang stehende Vergütung zu gewähren.\n\n2. (2)Absatz 2,Die Höhe der Vergütung ist, soweit in der Stiftungserklärung nichts anderes vorgesehen ist, auf Antrag eines Stiftungsorgans oder eines Organmitglieds vom Gericht zu bestimmen.\n\nArt. 1 § 20\n\nText\n\nStiftungsprüfer\n\n§ 20.Paragraph 20,\n\n1. (1)Absatz eins,Der Stiftungsprüfer ist vom Gericht, gegebenenfalls vom Aufsichtsrat zu bestellen.\n\n2. (2)Absatz 2,Zum Stiftungsprüfer dürfen nur Beeidete Wirtschaftsprüfer und Steuerberater oder Wirtschaftsprüfungs- und Steuerberatungsgesellschaften oder Beeidete Buchprüfer und Steuerberater oder Buchprüfungs- und Steuerberatungsgesellschaften bestellt werden.\n\n3. (3)Absatz 3,Der Stiftungsprüfer darf weder Begünstigter noch Mitglied eines anderen Stiftungsorgans, noch Arbeitnehmer der Privatstiftung, noch in einem Unternehmen beschäftigt sein, auf das die Privatstiftung maßgeblichen Einfluß nehmen kann, noch eine dieser Stellungen in den letzten drei Jahren innegehabt haben, noch zusammen mit einer ausgeschlossenen Person seinen Beruf ausüben, noch ein naher Angehöriger (§ 15 Abs. 2) einer ausgeschlossenen Person sein.Der Stiftungsprüfer darf weder Begünstigter noch Mitglied eines anderen Stiftungsorgans, noch Arbeitnehmer der Privatstiftung, noch in einem Unternehmen beschäftigt sein, auf das die Privatstiftung maßgeblichen Einfluß nehmen kann, noch eine dieser Stellungen in den letzten drei Jahren innegehabt haben, noch zusammen mit einer ausgeschlossenen Person seinen Beruf ausüben, noch ein naher Angehöriger (Paragraph 15, Absatz 2,) einer ausgeschlossenen Person sein.\n\n4. (4)Absatz 4,Für die Vergütung des Stiftungsprüfers gilt § 270 Abs. 5 HGB sinngemäß.Für die Vergütung des Stiftungsprüfers gilt Paragraph 270, Absatz 5, HGB sinngemäß.\n\nArt. 1 § 21\n\nText\n\nPrüfung\n\n§ 21.Paragraph 21,\n\n1. (1)Absatz eins,Der Stiftungsprüfer hat den Jahresabschluß einschließlich der Buchführung und den Lagebericht innerhalb von drei Monaten ab Vorlage zu prüfen.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d274b2f862e609bc4f2584fe7965829947eee36b06a0d02b2afb27aa9ae4684", "source_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The board may make beneficiary distributions only where claims of foundation creditors are not diminished.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Privatstiftungsgesetz Art. I § 17 Abs. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Der Stiftungsvorstand darf Leistungen an Begünstigte zur Erfüllung des Stiftungszwecks nur dann und soweit vornehmen, wenn dadurch Ansprüche von Gläubigern der Privatstiftung nicht geschmälert werden.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d274b2f862e609bc4f2584fe7965829947eee36b06a0d02b2afb27aa9ae4684", "source_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "At least EUR 70,000 must be dedicated. A foundation declaration establishes the Privatstiftung, which arises on entry in the Firmenbuch.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Privatstiftungsgesetz Art. I §§ 4, 7 Abs. 1", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Der Privatstiftung muß ein Vermögen im Wert von mindestens 70 000 Euro gewidmet werden.\n\nArt. 1 § 5\n\nText\n\nBegünstigter\n\n§ 5.Paragraph 5,\n\nBegünstigter ist der in der Stiftungserklärung als solcher Bezeichnete. Ist der Begünstigte in der Stiftungserklärung nicht bezeichnet, so ist Begünstigter, wer von der vom Stifter dazu berufenen Stelle (§ 9 Abs. 1 Z 3), sonst vom Stiftungsvorstand als solcher festgestellt worden ist. Der Stiftungsvorstand hat den in diesem Sinne festgestellten Begünstigten dem Finanzamt für Großbetriebe unverzüglich elektronisch mitzuteilen. Begünstigter ist der in der Stiftungserklärung als solcher Bezeichnete. Ist der Begünstigte in der Stiftungserklärung nicht bezeichnet, so ist Begünstigter, wer von der vom Stifter dazu berufenen Stelle (Paragraph 9, Absatz eins, Ziffer 3,), sonst vom Stiftungsvorstand als solcher festgestellt worden ist. Der Stiftungsvorstand hat den in diesem Sinne festgestellten Begünstigten dem Finanzamt für Großbetriebe unverzüglich elektronisch mitzuteilen.\n\nArt. 1 § 6\n\nText\n\nLetztbegünstigter\n\n§ 6.Paragraph 6,\n\nLetztbegünstigter ist derjenige, dem ein nach Abwicklung der Privatstiftung verbleibendes Vermögen zukommen soll.\n\nArt. 1 § 7\n\nText\n\nErrichtung und Entstehung einer Privatstiftung\n\n§ 7.Paragraph 7,\n\n1. (1)Absatz eins,Die Privatstiftung wird durch eine Stiftungserklärung errichtet; sie entsteht mit der Eintragung in das Firmenbuch.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d274b2f862e609bc4f2584fe7965829947eee36b06a0d02b2afb27aa9ae4684", "source_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "General Austrian creditor-avoidance windows under EO § 439 are ten years, two years, or one year depending on intent, counterparty knowledge, close-party status, or dissipative-contract facts.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Exekutionsordnung § 439 Z 1-4", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "alle Rechtshandlungen, die der Schuldner in der dem anderen Teil bekannten Absicht, seine Gläubiger zu benachteiligen, in den letzten zehn Jahren vor der Anfechtung vorgenommen hat;\n\n2. 2.Ziffer 2\n\n alle Rechtshandlungen, durch welche die Gläubiger des Schuldners benachteiligt werden und die dieser in den letzten zwei Jahren vor der Anfechtung vorgenommen hat, wenn dem anderen Teil die Benachteiligungsabsicht bekannt sein musste;\n\n3. 3.Ziffer 3\n\n alle Rechtshandlungen, durch welche die Gläubiger des Schuldners benachteiligt werden und die er in den letzten zwei Jahren vor der Anfechtung gegenüber seinem Ehegatten oder eingetragenen Partner – vor oder während der Ehe oder eingetragenen Partnerschaft – oder gegenüber anderen nahen Angehörigen gemäß § 32 IO oder zugunsten der genannten Personen vorgenommen hat, es sei denn, dass dem anderen Teil zur Zeit der Vornahme der Rechtshandlung eine Benachteiligungsabsicht des Schuldners weder bekannt war noch bekannt sein musste;alle Rechtshandlungen, durch welche die Gläubiger des Schuldners benachteiligt werden und die er in den letzten zwei Jahren vor der Anfechtung gegenüber seinem Ehegatten oder eingetragenen Partner – vor oder während der Ehe oder eingetragenen Partnerschaft – oder gegenüber anderen nahen Angehörigen gemäß Paragraph 32, IO oder zugunsten der genannten Personen vorgenommen hat, es sei denn, dass dem anderen Teil zur Zeit der Vornahme der Rechtshandlung eine Benachteiligungsabsicht des Schuldners weder bekannt war noch bekannt sein musste;\n\n4. 4.Ziffer 4\n\n die im letzten Jahr vor der Anfechtung vom Schuldner eingegangenen Kauf-, Tausch- und Lieferungsverträge, sofern der andere Teil in dem Geschäft eine die Gläubiger benachteiligende Vermögensverschleuderung erkannte oder erkennen musste.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "52a510f5c3451497db3a21b8566bacb5dab359a83a15b445fb09c65106252080", "source_url": "https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Anlage=&Artikel=&Gesetzesnummer=10001700&Paragraf=439&ShowPrintPreview=True&Uebergangsrecht=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The foundation declaration identifies the beneficiary or determining body unless the purpose benefits the general public, gives founder identifying details, requires electronic tax-office notice for determined beneficiaries, and keeps any supplemental deed from the Firmenbuch court.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Privatstiftungsgesetz Art. I §§ 5, 9 Abs. 1 Z 3 and Z 5, 10 Abs. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "die Bezeichnung des Begünstigten oder die Angabe einer Stelle, die den Begünstigten festzustellen hat; dies gilt nicht, soweit der Stiftungszweck auf Begünstigung der Allgemeinheit gerichtet ist;\n\n 4. 4.Ziffer 4\n\n den Namen und den Sitz der Privatstiftung;\n\n 5. 5.Ziffer 5\n\n den Namen sowie die für Zustellungen maßgebliche Anschrift des Stifters, bei natürlichen Personen das Geburtsdatum, bei Rechtsträgern, die im Firmenbuch eingetragen sind, die Firmenbuchnummer;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3317f679ffaa0390ae3d6668a896d058132c86f4700af3944a169656b951cfdd", "source_url": "https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Classification-dependent U.S. hooks: Form 3520/3520-A if treated as a foreign trust; Form 5471 if treated as a foreign corporation; Form 8938/FBAR may apply to reportable foreign assets/accounts.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Austria.Privatstiftung.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The tax rate for private-foundation income under KStG §13(3) and (4) is 27.5% from 2026.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Körperschaftsteuergesetz 1988 § 22 Abs. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Die Körperschaftsteuer für nach § 13 Abs. 3 und 4 zu versteuernde Einkünfte einer Privatstiftung nach Abzug von Sonderausgaben gemäß § 13 Abs. 1 Z 4 beträgt für das Kalenderjahr 2023 24%, für die Kalenderjahre 2024 und 2025 23% und für die Kalenderjahre ab 2026 27,5%.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bd71361fdd992f9ba41b0fdf1ecb38d6ffb4e0ff7c8321ee2dbdbb7a600c2b2f", "source_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10004569&ShowPrintPreview=True", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "An Executive Entity must keep reliable accounting records, retain accounting records for at least five years, and lay income/expenditure accounts and a balance sheet within 18 months after registration and then at least once every calendar year.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Executive Entities Act, s. 43(1), 43(3), 43(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The officers or, in the case where no officer is appointed, the council shall, at some date not later than eighteen months after the Executive Entity was registered and subsequently once at least in every calendar year", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f548e89d84de77b902e7d59761080b0fc78d550a7022da180b207b7a9d8f6328", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Where an Executive Entity has been removed from the register, a creditor may make a claim against the Executive Entity and pursue the claim through to judgment or execution.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Executive Entities Act, s. 52(3)(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(b) any creditor from making a claim against that\n Executive Entity and pursuing the claim through\n to judgment or execution;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f548e89d84de77b902e7d59761080b0fc78d550a7022da180b207b7a9d8f6328", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A person establishes an Executive Entity by subscribing a Charter and complying with the Act; formation in The Bahamas is not complete until registration under section 28.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Executive Entities Act, s. 6(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The formation and establishment in The Bahamas of an Executive Entity shall not be completed until the Executive Entity has been registered under the provisions of section 28.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f548e89d84de77b902e7d59761080b0fc78d550a7022da180b207b7a9d8f6328", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under the Bahamas Fraudulent Dispositions Act, no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Act more than two years after the date of the relevant disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Fraudulent Dispositions Act (Ch. 78), s. 4(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) No action or proceedings shall be commenced\n pursuant to this Act unless commenced within two years of\n the date of the relevant disposition.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f75a4dbf7b1cf6449eb3904240659c839238b151694317a34c0ceb15c9377388", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1991/1991-0001/1991-0001.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The registered-office file must include Founder and officer/member name-and-address particulars; inspection is limited to Founders, officers, and council members under section 53.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Executive Entities Act, s. 53(1)(b), 53(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the name and address of— (i) the Founder and his address in The Bahamas for service of documents; and (ii) each of the officers and Executive Entity members.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f548e89d84de77b902e7d59761080b0fc78d550a7022da180b207b7a9d8f6328", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Bahamas.Executive Entity.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "An Executive Entity is exempt from business licence fee unless carrying on business in The Bahamas, income tax, capital gains tax, and tax on income or distributions under section 64.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Executive Entities Act, s. 64(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "An Executive Entity shall not be subject to any business licence fee, (unless carrying on business in The Bahamas), income tax, capital gains tax or any tax on income or distributions accruing to or derived from such Executive Entity", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f548e89d84de77b902e7d59761080b0fc78d550a7022da180b207b7a9d8f6328", "source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Every LLC must pay the annual registration fee and prescribed fees.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 7", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Registrar an annual fee and such other fees as prescribed", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 36 permits a court charging order and makes that remedy the sole and exclusive remedy for a judgment creditor or other creditor of a member.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Limited Liability Companies Act, s. 36(2)-(3), printed p. 35", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(2) On application to the Court by a judgment creditor of a\nmember of a limited liability company, the Court may charge\nthe member’s interest with payment of the unsatisfied amount\nof the judgment with interest. To the extent so charged, the\njudgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the\nmember’s interest.\n\n (3) Notwithstanding any other law, the remedy provided by\nsubsection (2) of this section shall be the sole and exclusive\nremedy available to a judgment creditor or other creditor of a\nmember. A member’s interest may not be involuntarily sold,\nconveyed, transferred, foreclosed, charged or executed upon in\ncontravention of this section.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Formation is by executing and delivering articles of organisation to the Registrar.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Limited Liability Companies Act, s. 14(1), printed p. 20 (PDF p. 22)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A registered agent acting on behalf of one or more\n persons (and if natural persons, 18 years of age or older) who\n do not reside in Belize may organise a limited liability\n company by executing and delivering articles of organisation\n to the Registrar as specified in section 20 of this Act. The\n person or persons on whose behalf the Registered Agent is\n acting need not be members of the limited liability company\n either at the time of formation or afterwards.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 37(2) states a one-year-from-formation branch and a second branch for a transfer that takes place after two years after the earliest cause of action arose.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Limited Liability Companies Act, s. 37(2)(a)-(b), printed p. 36 (PDF p. 38)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(2) No action or proceeding shall lie in connection with a\n transfer to a limited liability company in pursuance of\n subsection (1) of this section or otherwise and a transfer to a\n limited liability company shall not be fraudulent as against a\n particular creditor of a member after the earlier of,\n\n (a) the expiration of one year from the date of the\n formation of the limited liability company; or\n\n (b) if such a transfer takes place after two years\n after the earliest cause of action arose.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a transfer-of-domicile application, the company must provide its registered agent information needed to identify persons with beneficial ownership interests.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 85(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The limited liability company shall provide its\n registered agent with such information required for the\n purposes of ascertaining the identity of persons owning a\n beneficial ownership interest in it as required by the IFS\n Practitioners (Code of Conduct) Regulations, in Statutory\n Instrument No. 94 of 2001.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Applicable U.S. reporting can include IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR, depending on ownership, classification, accounts, and transactions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.International LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Act exempts the LLC from listed Belize taxes measured by assets or income originating outside Belize and qualifying administration in Belize.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 94(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Subject to this Act, a limited liability company shall not\ntaxes, duties and\nexchange be subject to any income tax, business tax, withholding tax,\ncontrol. asset tax, gift tax, profits tax, capital gains tax, distributions\n tax, inheritance tax, estate duty or any other like tax based\n upon or measured by assets or income originating outside of\n Belize or in connection with matters of administration that may\n occur in Belize.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a09670936105268f18fc31dde9ec7cfc175ad84f1c3f9f28e305190a74b54d38", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trustees or trust agents must file annual beneficial-ownership/control attestation reports by March 31 for the prior year.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trusts (Amendment) Act 2023, s. 4 inserting s. 30B(1)-(2), printed pp. 1530-1531", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "30B.–(1) A trustee or trust Agent shall submit\n attestation\n report.\n annually an attestation report to the Commission\n on beneficial ownership and control of the trust\n corporation, which shall include the following–\n\n (a) the names and addresses of the\n trustees;\n\n (b) the name and address of the settlor;\n\n (c) the names and addresses of the\n beneficiaries;\n\n (d) the name and address of the\n Protector, if any; and\n\n (e) the name and address of any other\n natural person exercising ultimate\n effective control over the trust.\n\fNo. 40] Trusts 1531\n\n (2) The annual attestation report on\n beneficial ownership and control of the trust\n shall be filed by March 31 each year for the\n period ending December 31 of the previous\n year.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e178da1ded4dff232bc62e4655d51a15d4f3c7612f5899fb00009122d10fca74", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Act-No.-40-of-2023-Trusts-Amendment-Act-2023.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a Belize-law trust, the court does not recognize another jurisdiction’s creditor-insolvency claim against trust property on that foreign-law or foreign-order basis.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 7(6)(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where a trust is created under the law of Belize, the\n Court shall not vary it or set it aside or recognise the validity of\n any claim against the trust property pursuant to the law of\n another jurisdiction or the order of a court of another jurisdiction", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4206d56ab0d0498e2c8ea3e98573721c16ac4cf0fcf954aa78c09b5c0ddf2f76", "source_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An international trust must be created by written instrument.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trusts Act, Cap. 202, s. 65(1), printed p. 52", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "international trust may be created only by an instrument in\n9 of 2007. writing.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4206d56ab0d0498e2c8ea3e98573721c16ac4cf0fcf954aa78c09b5c0ddf2f76", "source_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to a Belize trust as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the Trusts Act (Cap. 202, Revised Edition 2020) and the Trusts (Amendment) Act, 2023, by word search for fraud, creditor, limitation and years. The general Belize law on transfers made to defeat creditors is section 149 of the Law of Property Act (Cap. 190, Revised Edition 2020), published by the Attorney General's Ministry: it makes a transfer made with intent to defraud creditors voidable, and section 149, read in full, states no time limit. The Limitation Act (Cap. 170) was not read, so the period is not settled.", "pinpoint": "Law of Property Act, Cap. 190 (Revised Edition 2020), s. 149(1)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "with intent to defraud creditors, shall be voidable,", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9e94f9bcaadd30e945656329d81d082f4ce5249c97f2689225316c644c914f50", "source_url": "https://www.agm.gov.bz/uploads/laws/63976f0921e6b_Cap_190_Law_of_Property_Act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Trusts Act keeps the International Trusts register confidential and the 2023 amendment adds annual beneficial-ownership/control attestation content.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Act No. 40 of 2023, s. 4 (new s. 30B(1))", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trustee or trust Agent shall submit\n attestation\n report.\n annually an attestation report to the Commission\n on beneficial ownership and control of the trust\n corporation, which shall include the following–\n\n (a) the names and addresses of the\n trustees;\n\n (b) the name and address of the settlor;\n\n (c) the names and addresses of the\n beneficiaries;\n\n (d) the name and address of the\n Protector, if any; and\n\n (e) the name and address of any other\n natural person exercising ultimate\n effective control over the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e178da1ded4dff232bc62e4655d51a15d4f3c7612f5899fb00009122d10fca74", "source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Act-No.-40-of-2023-Trusts-Amendment-Act-2023.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Applicable U.S. reporting can include IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR, depending on ownership, classification, accounts, and transactions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Belize.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A registered international trust is exempt from Income and Business Tax Act provisions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 65D", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where an international trust is duly registered and\ntaxes and duties\nand exchange continues to be so registered under the provisions of this Part,\ncontrol. then, notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in any\n9 of 2007.\n enactment–\nCAP. 55.\n (a) the trust shall be exempt from the provisions\n of the Income and Business Tax Act;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4206d56ab0d0498e2c8ea3e98573721c16ac4cf0fcf954aa78c09b5c0ddf2f76", "source_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The company must keep records and underlying documentation and retain them for at least five years.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 98(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Records and underlying documentation\n 98. (1) A company shall—\n (a) keep at the office of its registered agent or at such other place or\n places, within or outside the Virgin Islands, as the directors may\n determine, the records and underlying documentation of the\n company;\n (b) retain the records and underlying documentation for a period of at\n least 5 years from the date—", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f4cee2b9db158f292663a37c1ac6533df04365e85168373cc718e0cc6203997a", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A member of a limited company has no liability as a member for company liabilities; shareholder liability to the company is limited to unpaid share amounts, memorandum or articles liabilities, and repayment under section 58(1).", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 80(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Liability of members\n 80. (1) A member of a limited company has no liability, as a member, for the\n liabilities of the company.\n (2) The liability of a shareholder to the company, as shareholder, is\n limited to—\n (a) any amount unpaid on a share held by the shareholder;\n (b) any liability expressly provided for in the memorandum or articles\n of the company; and\n (c) any liability to repay a distribution under section 58(1).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f4cee2b9db158f292663a37c1ac6533df04365e85168373cc718e0cc6203997a", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A proposed registered agent applies to incorporate by filing the memorandum and, except for an unlimited company not authorised to issue shares, the articles.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ss. 6(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Application to incorporate a company\n 6. (1) Subject to subsection (2), application may be made to the Registrar\n for the incorporation of a company by filing—\n (a) a memorandum complying with section 9 that is signed by the\n proposed registered agent, as incorporator;\n (b) except in the case of an unlimited company that is not authorised\n to issue shares, articles that are signed by the proposed registered\n agent, as incorporator;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f4cee2b9db158f292663a37c1ac6533df04365e85168373cc718e0cc6203997a", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer by a BVI business company as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the BVI Business Companies Act and the Insolvency Act (Revised Editions as at 1 January 2020), with the Insolvency (Amendment) Acts of 2022 and 2024, on the BVI Financial Services Commission site, by word search for fraud. The Insolvency Act does set a vulnerability period for undervalue transactions, but that test does not turn on an intent to defraud, so it is not stated here as the fraud period. The general BVI law on transfers made to defeat creditors was not found on the official sites searched.", "pinpoint": "Insolvency Act (Revised Edition 2020), s. 246(1)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "246. (1) Subject to subsection (2), a company enters into an undervalue\ntransaction with a person if—\n\f LAW OF\n VIRGIN ISLANDS Insolvency Act 141\nRevision Date: 1 Jan 2020\n\n\n (a) the company makes a gift to that person or otherwise enters into a\n transaction with that person on terms that provide for the\n company to receive no consideration; or\n (b) the company enters into a transaction with that person for a\n consideration the value of which, in money or money’s worth, is\n significantly less than the value, in money or money’s worth, of\n the consideration provided by the company; and\n (c) in either case, the transaction concerned—\n (i) is an insolvency transaction; and\n (ii) is entered into within the vulnerability period.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0cd3f256609c30f75f60ddb8b20712f00f3b1479f5cf451ad8c22c012b6f5bcb", "source_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/insolvency_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A company keeps a register of members that includes the names and addresses of holders of registered shares and the number of each class and series held by each shareholder.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 41(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Register of members\n 41. (1) Subject to subsection (1A), a company shall keep a register of\n members containing, as appropriate for the company—\n (a) the names and addresses of the persons who hold registered shares\n in the company;\n (b) the number of each class and series of registered shares held by\n each shareholder;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f4cee2b9db158f292663a37c1ac6533df04365e85168373cc718e0cc6203997a", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certain U.S. officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file IRS Form 5471 to satisfy sections 6038 and 6046 reporting requirements.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.Business Company.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 242 of the captured Revised Edition states that a company and specified company payments and gains are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 242(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Exemptions from tax\n 242. (1) Notwithstanding any provision of the Income Tax Ordinance—\n (a) a company;\n (b) all dividends, interest, rents, royalties, compensations and other\n amounts paid by a company; and\n (c) capital gains realised with respect to any shares, debt obligations\n or other securities of a company,\nare exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f4cee2b9db158f292663a37c1ac6533df04365e85168373cc718e0cc6203997a", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Subject to section 9, the trustee holds designated shares on trust to retain them, and that retention duty has precedence over preserving or enhancing trust-fund value.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 5(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Trustee’s duties in relation to designated shares\n 5. (1) Subject to section 9, designated shares shall be held by the trustee on\n trust to retain them.\n (2) The trustee’s duty to retain designated shares shall have precedence\n over any duty to preserve or enhance the value of the trust fund.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "36b32aa5dab987d7d3d5b67e52b87c9613c90ad2f996562a029858933e90b7df", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/virgin_islands_special_trusts_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No creditor remedy against designated shares or the property of a BVI VISTA trust, open to a creditor of the settlor or a beneficiary, was found. Searched: the Virgin Islands Special Trusts Act, read in full (sections 1 to 16, Revised Edition as at 1 January 2020), its 2021 amendment, and the Trustee Act by word search for creditor. The Trustee Act provision found, section 102, applies only if the trust terms say so and concerns liabilities the trustee has taken on by contract, so it is not stated here as the remedy. The wider BVI law on creditor claims against trust property was not found on the official sites searched.", "pinpoint": "Trustee Act (Revised Edition 2020), s. 102(1)-(5)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "102. (1) This section applies to a trust where the terms of the trust expressly so\n provide.\n (2) Where this section applies to a trust, subsections (3) to (12) shall have\n effect.\n (3) A trustee of the trust may grant security in accordance with this\n section in favour of a person (referred to in this section as a “third party”) acting\n in good faith and for value in relation to liabilities to that third party incurred by\n the trustee under or by virtue of a contract properly entered into by the trustee.\n (4) The grant of security may take the form of a fixed legal or equitable\n mortgage or charge over all or any of the property subject to the trust, or of a\n right in equity in accordance with subsection (5).\n\f70 Trustee Act LAW OF\n VIRGIN ISLANDS\n Revision Date: 1 Jan 2020\n\n\n (5) A trustee may by writing grant a third party the right in equity, which\nshall be enforceable as such, to require the trustee to discharge liabilities to that\nthird party out of the trust fund, or some part of it, and a right so granted is\nreferred to in this section as a “trustee statutory charge”.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ffeeef6ac6c511f906506c771236c03a03a4c2719c5b4ecf2da3840ef76f63f", "source_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/trustee_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 4 permits the VISTA direction only where the trust fulfills the stated conditions: a written testamentary or inter vivos instrument, a designated trustee when the direction takes effect, trust terms requiring a designated trustee while the direction has effect, and no creation under another trust's power unless that other trust is a Virgin Islands trust with at least one designated trustee.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 4(1), (4)(a)-(d)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Designated shares\n 4. (1) Where a trust fulfils the conditions specified in subsection (4), the\nterms of the trust may, subject to subsection (3), direct that the provisions of this\nAct shall apply—\n (a) to all Virgin Islands shares comprised in the trust fund; or\n (b) to such Virgin Islands shares comprised in the trust fund as may\n be specified in the direction.\n (2) For the purposes of subsection (1), Virgin Islands shares comprised in\nthe trust fund shall be taken to include Virgin Islands shares becoming so\ncomprised at any time after the creation of the trust, whether added to the trust\nfund by way of additional settlement by the original settlor or any other person,\nacquired on a new issue by the company or in the course of management or\nadministration of the trust fund, or acquired in any other manner.\n (3) A direction under subsection (1) shall not be made in respect of\nshares added to the trust fund by a trustee of another trust in the exercise of a\npower in that other trust, unless that other trust is a Virgin Islands trust and one\nof the trustees of that other trust is a designated trustee. (Amended by Act 7 of\n2013)\n (4) The conditions referred to in subsection (1) are—\n (a) the trust is created by or on the terms of a written testamentary or\n inter vivos instrument;\n (b) at least one trustee of the trust is a designated trustee at the time at\n which the direction under subsection (1) takes effect; (Substituted\n by Act 7 of 2013)\n (c) the terms of the trust require that, for so long as the direction\n under subsection (1) has effect, at least one trustee is a designated\n trustee; (Substituted by Act 7 of 2013)\n (d) the trust is not created in the exercise of a power conferred by\n another trust, unless that other trust is a Virgin Islands trust and at\n least one trustee of that other trust is a designated trustee.\n (Amended by Act 7 of 2013)", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "36b32aa5dab987d7d3d5b67e52b87c9613c90ad2f996562a029858933e90b7df", "source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/virgin_islands_special_trusts_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to a BVI VISTA trust as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the Virgin Islands Special Trusts Act, read in full (sections 1 to 16), and the Trustee Act by word search for fraud, creditor and years. The Trustee Act mentions section 81 of the Conveyancing and Law of Property Ordinance and the Act against Fraudulent Deeds, Gifts, Alienations (section 83A(15)); neither was found on the official sites searched, so the period is not settled.", "pinpoint": "Trustee Act (Revised Edition 2020), s. 83A(15)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "(15) Heirship rights conferred on persons by foreign law shall not be taken\n to constitute those persons creditors for the purposes of section 81 of the\n Conveyancing and Law of Property Ordinance, nor to constitute those persons\n “creditors or others” for the purposes of the Act against Fraudulent Deeds, Gifts,\n Alienations, etc. to the extent, if any, that that Act has any application in the\n Territory.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ffeeef6ac6c511f906506c771236c03a03a4c2719c5b4ecf2da3840ef76f63f", "source_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/trustee_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under section 92B of the Trustee Act, a relevant trustee of an applicable trust must collect, keep and maintain adequate, accurate and up to date information on the beneficial owners of the trust, and must cooperate with a competent authority and with a law enforcement agency, which may include disclosing information, producing documents and providing other material.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trustee Act, s. 92B(1), (7)-(8), inserted by the Trustee (Amendment) Act, 2024 (No. 16 of 2024), s. 3", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "92B. (1) A Relevant Trustee of an Applicable Trust shall collect, keep\n and maintain adequate, accurate and up to date information on the beneficial\n owners of the Applicable Trust.\n (2) A Relevant Trustee of an Applicable Trust shall take\n reasonable steps to verify the beneficial owner information, including\n the identity of the beneficial owner, to ensure that it is adequate, accurate\n and up to date.\n (3) Where the beneficial owner of, or any information in relation\n to a beneficial owner or beneficial owner’s interest in, an Applicable\n Trust changes, the Relevant Trustee shall, within thirty days of\n becoming aware of the change, update the beneficial ownership\n information.\n (4) Every Relevant Trustee of an Applicable Trust shall maintain\n the beneficial ownership information for a period of at least five years\n from the date of the Applicable Trust’s termination.\n (5) A Relevant Trustee of an Applicable Trust who takes\n reasonable steps to comply with the requirements of this section shall be\n treated as discharging his or her obligations therewith.\n (6) Where any issue arises as to whether a Relevant Trustee of an\n Applicable Trust has taken reasonable steps to comply with the\n requirements of this section pursuant to subsection (5), what constitutes\n reasonable steps shall\n (a) in the case of a Relevant Trustee who is licensed under\n the Banks and Trust Companies Act, Revised Edition\n 2020, be determined by the Commission; and\n (b) in the case of any other Relevant Trustee, be determined\n by the Court.\n (7) A Relevant Trustee of an Applicable Trust shall cooperate\n with\n\n 3\n\f (a) a competent authority in the lawful discharge of its\n functions under an enactment or pursuant to an agreement\n or a treaty or other similar arrangement to provide mutual\n legal or regulatory assistance; and\n (b) a law enforcement agency in the lawful performance of\n its investigative functions or in relation to the lawful\n exercise of its investigative powers.\n (8) Cooperation under subsection (7) may include but is not\nlimited to\n (a) disclosing information that is within the knowledge of the\n Relevant Trustee;\n (b) producing documents in the possession or under the\n control of the Relevant Trustee; and\n (c) providing any other material which the Relevant Trustee\n has access to and authority to produce.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0f72b0fc13f3079b2ac028da776ca6e1f41e3b5b26a01b496d4c9476e30d37fc", "source_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/act_no_16_of_2024-trustee_amendment_act_2024_1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons file IRS Form 3520 to report certain foreign-trust transactions and ownership under Internal Revenue Code sections 671 through 679.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under section 90 of the Trustee Act, the income of any trust in the hands of a trustee is exempt from income tax, and beneficiaries who are not resident in the Territory are exempt from income tax on money received from the trustee and from any estate, inheritance, succession or gift tax on distributions. The exemptions do not apply to a trust that has land in the Territory as an underlying asset or that carries on a business or trade in the Territory.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trustee Act (Revised Edition 2020), s. 90(1), (2), (4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "90. (1) Notwithstanding any provisions of the Income Tax Act, the income of\nany trust in the hands of a trustee is exempt from income tax and the\nbeneficiaries of any trust who are not persons resident in the Territory shall\nlikewise be exempt from payment of income tax in respect of any moneys\nreceived by them from the trustee of any trust.\n (2) No estate tax, inheritance tax, succession tax, gift tax, rate, duty, levy\nor other charge is payable by beneficiaries who are not resident in the Territory\nin respect of any distribution to them by the trustee of any trust.\n (3) Notwithstanding any provision of the Stamp Act, any trust that does\nnot have as beneficiaries persons resident in the Territory shall be exempt from\nthe payment of stamp duty with respect to—\n (a) the deed or other written instrument creating the trust;\n (b) all deeds and other written instruments of appointment made\n pursuant to the trust;\n (c) all deeds and other instruments by which assets are transferred to\n or from the trustee of a trust; and\n (d) all instruments relating to the transfer of beneficial interests in a\n trust.\n (4) The exemptions in this section do not apply to any trust which—\n (a) has as an underlying asset land in the Territory; or\n\f LAW OF\n VIRGIN ISLANDS Trustee Act 63\nRevision Date: 1 Jan 2020\n\n\n (b) carries on a business or trade in the Territory.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ffeeef6ac6c511f906506c771236c03a03a4c2719c5b4ecf2da3840ef76f63f", "source_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/trustee_act.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A foundation company must at all times have a qualified person as secretary; the secretary remains until a qualified replacement is appointed and the Registrar is notified with the prescribed fee.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 16(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A foundation company shall at all times have a qualified person as its secretary.\n (2) The secretary shall continue to hold office until a qualified person has been\n appointed in the secretary’s place and the Registrar has been given a notice of\n the change accompanied by the prescribed fee.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "00a8b15f15170188d39f5d50fb7f4d868919bb2aa67991d25b837d7f55dcd55c", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A recipient with actual knowledge must repay the amount or value of a prohibited distribution that would leave the foundation company unable to pay debts as they fall due.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 15(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A foundation company shall not dispose of any of its assets if, immediately\n following the date on which the disposition is proposed to be made, it will be\n unable to pay its debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business (a\n “prohibited distribution”).\n (2) The recipient of a prohibited distribution is liable to the foundation company for\n the amount or value of the disposition if, when it was received, the recipient had\n actual knowledge that the disposition was a prohibited distribution.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "00a8b15f15170188d39f5d50fb7f4d868919bb2aa67991d25b837d7f55dcd55c", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "If the Registrar is satisfied that the foundation-company requirements will be met for a company being formed, its certificate of incorporation contains a declaration that it is a foundation company.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 5(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If the Registrar is satisfied the foundation company requirements will be met in\n relation to a company being formed under the Companies Act, the certificate of\n incorporation shall contain a declaration that it is a foundation company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "00a8b15f15170188d39f5d50fb7f4d868919bb2aa67991d25b837d7f55dcd55c", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under the Cayman Islands Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Law more than six years after the date of the relevant disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), s. 4(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) No action or proceedings shall be commenced under this Law unless\n commenced within six years of the date of the relevant disposition.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ca0b15d78fe9d5638f04b048d4f8315a470b1a6c83493af258e0700c1fb12da", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1989/1989-0015/1989-0015_1996%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A foundation company keeps at its registered office a register with supervisor names and addresses and appointment and cessation dates, updating changes within sixty days.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 14(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Each foundation company shall keep at its registered office a register of its\n supervisors containing —\n (a) the names and addresses of its supervisors;\n (b) the date on which each of its supervisors was appointed; and\n (c) any date on which a supervisor’s appointment ceased.\n (2) If a change takes place in a foundation company’s supervisors, the foundation\n company shall, within sixty days, update its register to reflect the change.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "00a8b15f15170188d39f5d50fb7f4d868919bb2aa67991d25b837d7f55dcd55c", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certain U.S. officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file IRS Form 5471 to satisfy sections 6038 and 6046 reporting requirements.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.Foundation company.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No statement of how a Cayman foundation company is taxed was found. Searched: the Foundation Companies Act (2025 Revision), by word search for tax, and the Cayman Islands legislation site for the Tax Concessions Act, which was not found there, so the tax treatment is not settled.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "", "source_url": null, "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trustees must keep the listed STAR trust documentary records in the Cayman Islands at the trust corporation office, unless a court order or section 105 permission authorises otherwise; the court may permit non-compliance if trust execution will not be prejudiced.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 105(1)(b)(iv)-(v), 105(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "105. Trust corporation\n 105. (1) Except as authorised by an order of the court, or permitted by or pursuant to this\n section —\n (a) the trustee of a special trust shall be, or include, a trust corporation; and\n (b) the trustee shall keep in the Islands at the office of the trust corporation a\n documentary record of —\n (i) the terms of the special trust;\n (ii) the identity of the trustee and the enforcers;\n\n\n\n Page 64 Revised as at 31st December 2020\n c\n\f Trusts Act (2021 Revision) Section 106\n\n\n (iii) all settlements of the property upon the special trust and the identity\n of the settlors;\n (iv) the property subject to the special trust at the end of each of its\n accounting years; and\n (v) all distributions or applications of the trust property.\n (2) Repealed by section 6 of the Trusts (Amendment) Act, 2019 [Law 4 of 2019].\n (3) The court may authorise non-compliance with subsection (1) on such terms as\n it thinks fit if it is satisfied that the execution of the trust will not be prejudiced.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae68ccc945877048af4b4e3145cd5e3302cb343ff102b4223bde8f91ce69424f", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A foreign judgment is not recognized, enforced, or given estoppel effect insofar as it is inconsistent with sections 91 or 92 of the Trusts Act.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 93", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "93. A foreign judgment shall not be recognised, enforced or give rise to any estoppel\n insofar as it is inconsistent with section 91 or 92.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae68ccc945877048af4b4e3145cd5e3302cb343ff102b4223bde8f91ce69424f", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A trust or power is special under Part VIII when created by or on the terms of a written testamentary or inter vivos instrument containing a declaration that Part VIII applies.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 96(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "96. (1) A trust or power is subject to this Part, and is described as special, if —\n (a) it is created by or on the terms of a written instrument, testamentary or\n inter vivos; and\n (b) the instrument contains a declaration to the effect that this Part is to apply.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae68ccc945877048af4b4e3145cd5e3302cb343ff102b4223bde8f91ce69424f", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under the Cayman Islands Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Law more than six years after the date of the relevant disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), s. 4(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) No action or proceedings shall be commenced under this Law unless\n commenced within six years of the date of the relevant disposition.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ca0b15d78fe9d5638f04b048d4f8315a470b1a6c83493af258e0700c1fb12da", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1989/1989-0015/1989-0015_1996%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The trustee must keep in the Cayman Islands a documentary record of the trust terms and the identity of the trustee and enforcers.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 105(1)(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the trustee shall keep in the Islands at the office of the trust corporation a\n documentary record of —\n (i) the terms of the special trust;\n (ii) the identity of the trustee and the enforcers;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae68ccc945877048af4b4e3145cd5e3302cb343ff102b4223bde8f91ce69424f", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons file IRS Form 3520 to report certain foreign-trust transactions and ownership under Internal Revenue Code sections 671 through 679.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cayman Islands.STAR trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No statement of how a Cayman STAR trust is taxed was found. Searched: the Trusts Act (2021 Revision), by word search for tax and exempt, including the Part VIII provisions on STAR trusts, and the Cayman Islands legislation site for the Tax Concessions Act, which was not found there. The tax undertaking in the Trusts Act is for trusts registered as exempted trusts, and nothing found says a STAR trust is one, so the tax treatment is not settled.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "", "source_url": null, "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A registration certificate is valid for its specified period; renewal calls for an application and prescribed fee by certificate expiry. The Registrar may extend that time in sole discretion on a trustee’s application if satisfied that an interested party’s inadvertence caused the failure. Each renewal may be for no more than five years.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 16(1)-(5)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  A certificate of registration issued pursuant to section 15(2) is valid and effective for the period specified in that certificate, and registration of the international trust the subject of that certificate is valid and effective until that international trust is deregistered pursuant to subsection (6).\n\n(2)  Application for renewal of registration may be made upon—\n\n- \n\n (a) filing with the Registrar an application for renewal of registration in the prescribed form; and\n\n- \n\n (b) payment of the prescribed fee.\n\n(3)  Application for renewal of registration may be made on or before of the date of expiry of the last certificate of registration and no application for renewal of registration pursuant to subsection (2) may be granted where application is not made or the prescribed fee paid within that period.\n\nProvided the Registrar may, in their sole discretion, if they are satisfied on application by a trustee of a trust that the failure to make the application for renewal and payment of the prescribed fee was as a consequence of inadvertence on the part of any interested party to the trust, extend the time for registration accordingly.\n\n(4)  Every renewal of registration granted takes effect from the date of expiry of the last certificate of registration.\n\n(5)  Every renewal of registration must be for a period not exceeding 5 years as may be specified in the renewed certificate of registration.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d630fa848522674b2603cc1c1ebce62cd21166466e8a80a01623e23d5afe3c35", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/16%20Certificate%20of%20registration/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S16_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a settlor creditor to reach property disposed to an international trust under s. 13B(1), the creditor must prove beyond reasonable doubt the settlor’s principal intent to defraud that creditor and that the disposition left the settlor insolvent or without property to satisfy the claim; recovery is limited to property that would otherwise have been available to satisfy the claim, up to the settlor’s prior interest in that property plus any subsequent accumulation to it.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 13B(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Where it is proven beyond reasonable doubt by a creditor that an international trust settled or established or property disposed to an international trust—\n\n- \n\n (a) was so settled established or disposed by or on behalf of the settlor with principal intent to defraud that creditor of the settlor; and\n\n- \n\n (b) did at the time such settlement establishment or disposition took place render the settlor, insolvent or without property by which that creditor’s claim (if successful) could have been satisfied,\n\nthen such settlement establishment or disposition is not void or voidable and the international trust liable to satisfy the creditor’s claim out of the property which but for the settlement establishment or disposition would have been available to satisfy the creditor’s claim and such liability shall only be to the extent of the interest that the settlor had in the property prior to settlement establishment or disposition and any accumulation to the property (if any) subsequent thereto.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8e9c661e88b6575086c5e99bf2c1ae3c3c3021784737c82ea3cfad0e36f78bb2", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/13B%20Fraud/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S13B_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Registration as an international trust requires a trustee-company certificate and a notice of the trust name and registered office filed with the Registrar; the Registrar then registers the trust and issues a certificate.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 15(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  No trust may be registered as an international trust until there has been filed with the Registrar:\n\n- \n\n (a) a certificate from a trustee company certifying that the trust upon registration will be an international trust; and\n\n- \n\n (b) a notice of the name and registered office of the trust.\n\n(2)  Upon receipt of a certificate and notice referred to in subsection (1) the Registrar must register that trust upon the Register of International Trusts kept for that purpose and issue a certificate of registration in the prescribed form.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbf3b78ed7b7f8067ef0379096f7a22795aa16e6e520d01011b6c570a8655c0e", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/15%20Registration/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S15_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 13B(3) deems fraudulent intent absent if settlement or disposition occurs more than two years after the creditor’s cause of action accrued; within two years, the creditor must commence proceedings within one year of the settlement or disposition, subject to its already-commenced-proceedings proviso. Section 13K(1) separately requires covered proceedings in the Cook Islands High Court within two years of settlement or disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 13B(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3)  An international trust settled or established and a disposition to such trust is for all purposes deemed not to have been so settled or established, or the property disposed of with intent to defraud a creditor—\n\n- \n\n (a) if settled established or the disposition takes place after the expiration of 2 years from the date that creditor’s cause of action accrued; or\n\n- \n\n (b) where settled, established or the disposition takes place before the expiration of 2 years from the date that the creditor’s cause of action accrued, that creditor fails to commence in a court of competent jurisdiction proceedings in respect of that creditor’s cause of action before the expiration of 1 year from the date such settlement established or disposition took place;\n\nprovided that this subsection does not have effect if, and subject to subsection (5), at the time of settlement, establishment, or disposition, as the case may be, proceedings in respect of that creditor’s cause of action against that settlor have already been commenced in a court of competent jurisdiction.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8e9c661e88b6575086c5e99bf2c1ae3c3c3021784737c82ea3cfad0e36f78bb2", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/13B%20Fraud/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S13B_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under section 23 of the Cook Islands International Trusts Act 1984, it is an offence for a person to disclose to any other person information relating to the establishment, constitution, business undertaking or affairs of an international trust, except where the Act requires the disclosure. The offence does not apply to a disclosure that the Court requires or authorises, that is made to discharge a duty or exercise a power under any Act, or that is made as required by or under a search warrant. A trustee, or an officer or employee of a trustee or trustee company, may give that information to any person the trustee considers necessary, in its complete discretion, for managing and administering the trust in the ordinary course of business, including to a legal practitioner for legal advice or for prosecuting or defending litigation about the trust. The section does not use the words settlor or beneficiary, so it does not say who may see their names or whether they are held on a public list.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 23(1)-(5)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Except where the provisions of this Act require, and subject to this section, it is an offence for a person to disclose to any other person information relating to the establishment, constitution, business undertaking or affairs of an international trust.\n\n(2)  Subsection (1) does not apply to a disclosure if—\n\n- \n\n (a) the disclosure is required or authorised by the Court:\n\n- \n\n (b) the disclosure is made for the purpose of discharging any duty, performing any function or exercising any power under any Act:\n\n- \n\n (c) the disclosure is made as required by or under a search warrant.\n\n(3)  All judicial proceedings other than criminal proceedings relating to an international trust must, unless ordered otherwise by the Court, be heard in camera. The decision of the Court in any proceeding may unless ordered otherwise by the Court as to the whole or any part of the decision, be published.\n\n(4)  Notwithstanding subsection (3), a copy of every decision of the Court affecting an international trust must be provided by the Registrar of the Court to the Financial Supervisory Commission.\n\n(5)  A trustee or an officer or employee of a trustee or trustee company may divulge or make available information relating to the establishment, constitution, business undertakings or affairs of an international trust to any person or class of persons as that trustee or officer or employee of a trustee or trustee company considers necessary from time to time, in its complete discretion, for carrying out the management and administration of the trust in the ordinary course of business, including to a legal practitioner for the purpose of obtaining legal advice relating to establishment, constitution, business undertakings or affairs of an international trust; or for the purpose of prosecuting or defending any litigation relating to the establishment, constitution, business undertakings or affairs of an international trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "17215ffc2e02f5512046ef8c8ce95b8929ce9e72a2b47a9a919d56b24d165e88", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/23%20Privacy/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S23_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.International trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Subject to s. 3, s. 27B(1) prevents Cook Islands enactments outside the International Trusts Act and the enactments in its Schedule from imposing listed taxes or filing duties on an international trust.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trusts Act 1984, s. 27B(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Subject to section 3, no enactment other than this Act and the enactments set out in the Schedule to this Act may—\n\n- \n\n (a) impose—\n - \n\n (i) any liability, duty, responsibility, obligation or restriction; or\n\n - \n\n (ii) any fee, impost, tax, levy, due, duty, or excise; or\n\n - \n\n (iii) any fine or penalty;\n\n on an international trust; or\n\n- \n\n (b) require—\n - \n\n (i) the deposit of any moneys in any public account; or\n\n - \n\n (ii) the filing of any accounts, returns, reports or records; or\n\n - \n\n (iii) the licensing or registration of any document, act, matter or thing pertaining to an international trust:\n\n by an international trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae81cf218830f99ce3e59e97de9eb7fb51e7f4f6781845ba4f289c0cdf5b7af8", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/27B%20Application%20of%20other%20enactments/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S27B_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An LLC must file a report at annual registration renewal stating its name and place of organisation and the registered agent’s name and business address.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, s. 20(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Each limited liability company must file at the time of its annual renewal of registration as prescribed by this section, a limited liability company report setting forth—\n\n- \n\n (a) the name of the limited liability company and, the place where it is organised:\n\n- \n\n (b) the name and business address of the registered agent of the limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ba369d03b8222c8f42af08be1de0973dde21f56589f575df3de298b520542093", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/20%20Limited%20liability%20company%20reports/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S20_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A creditor defined in s. 45(1) may apply for a charging order over a member’s interest; the order permits receipt of distributions when made, and is the sole and exclusive remedy against membership rights.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, s. 45(1)-(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  In this section, Creditor means any person—\n\n- \n\n (a) in whose favour a judgment is issued or recognised by the Court against a member of a limited liability company; or\n\n- \n\n (b) who claims to have a general assignment of a member’s property whether arising from the intestacy of a member, the bankruptcy of a member or otherwise.\n\n(2)  No membership rights, including any membership interest, and any distribution, return of capital or other payment to a member arising from that member’s membership rights, is capable of being seized, charged or levied upon or taken in execution by or under any form of judicial process or otherwise rendered available for the payment of a member’s debts or liabilities, nor may any membership rights, including any membership interest—\n\n- \n\n (a) pass under a general assignment of the member’s property; or\n\n- \n\n (b) become available for the payment of debts of a member under an intestacy; or\n\n- \n\n (c) pass to a trustee in bankruptcy upon the bankruptcy of a member.\n\n(3)  A Creditor may apply to the Court for a charging order in respect of any membership interest held by member.\n\n(4)  Subject to subsection (5) a charging order entitles the Creditor to receive any distributions, in relation to that membership interest, in lieu of the member, whether of income or capital, as and when made by the limited liability company.\n\n(5)  For the purposes of assessing the sum which may be subject to, and recoverable pursuant to, a charging order the Court must disregard and exclude any amount which constitutes an award of exemplary, vindictive, retributory or punitive damages (by whatever name), or is an amount of damages arrived at by doubling, trebling or otherwise multiplying a sum assessed as compensation for loss or damage.\n\n(6)  The charging order remedy given by this section is the sole and exclusive remedy available to a Creditor in respect of a member’s membership rights.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "02118a3bca0cf6a3645aa5f1faae894f67dfbf7454abcc7ea5c799053dcd89db", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/45%20Rights%20of%20Creditor%20against%20a%20member/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S45_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A trustee company acting for one or more persons who do not reside in the Cook Islands may organise an LLC by executing and delivering articles of organisation to the Registrar; any such natural person must be at least 18 years old. Those persons need not remain members after formation.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, s. 11(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  A trustee company acting on behalf of one or more persons (and if natural persons 18 years of age or older) who do not reside in the Cook Islands may organise a limited liability company by executing and delivering articles of organisation to the Registrar as specified in section 13. The person or persons on whose behalf the trustee company is acting need not be members of the limited liability company after formation has occurred.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5f3dae1e46794c74bcf4dfd92e0d87213d240a7dd954d037f5a463eb7f653c8b", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/11%20Formation/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S11_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to or by a Cook Islands LLC as fraudulent was found. Searched: the Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, section by section on the Cook Islands Laws portal, by word search for fraud, void, set aside, years and creditor. Sections 22, 44 and 46 and Schedule 1 came back blank from the portal, so those sections were searched in the Financial Supervisory Commission's PDF of the Act instead. The two-year rule in the International Trusts Act (sections 13B and 13K) is written for international trusts, not LLCs, so it is not applied here.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "", "source_url": null, "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An LLC must keep a current list of each member and manager’s name and address at its registered office; a member may reasonably request inspection and copying at the member’s expense.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, s. 32(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Every limited liability company must keep at its registered office—\n\n- \n\n (a) a current list of the full name and business, residence, or mailing address of each member and manager; and\n\n- \n\n (b) a copy of the articles of organisation and all amendments thereto; and\n\n- \n\n (c) a copy of any operating agreement; and\n\n- \n\n (d) the accounts referred to in section 31A.\n\n(2)  Such records are subject to inspection and copying at the reasonable request, and at the expense, of any member, and must be maintained for 6 years following the dissolution of the limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4745998a1f51fdd84a6b6bc0f77752573d7fd8b475cec4c128cb75ab77b4e406", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/32%20Records/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S32_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cook Islands.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Subject to s. 76(2), s. 76(1) prevents Cook Islands enactments outside the LLC Act, Schedule 1, and subordinate instruments under those enactments from imposing listed taxes or filing duties on an LLC.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, s. 76(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1)  Subject to subsection (2), no enactment of the Cook Islands other than this Act and the enactments set out in Schedule 1, or any regulation, by-law or rule made thereunder may—\n\n- \n\n (a) impose—\n - \n\n (i) any liability, duty, responsibility, obligation or restriction; or\n\n - \n\n (ii) any fee, impost, tax, levy, dues, duty or excise; or\n\n - \n\n (iii) any fine or penalty on a limited liability company; or\n\n- \n\n (b) require—\n - \n\n (i) the deposit of any moneys in any public account by; or\n\n - \n\n (ii) the filing of any accounts, returns, reports or records by; or\n\n - \n\n (iii) the licensing or registration of a limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fa61915cefb4b56bf9294646ec93f3ad221ec0540f31bcbdd15a74ba587d2422", "source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/76%20Application%20of%20other%20Acts%20to%20limited%20liability%20companies/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S76_htm", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Any recurring annual filing or renewal duty for a Cyprus international trust remains unconfirmed because the cited trustee-compliance provision does not establish an annual cadence.", "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, trustee compliance provision", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Ο επίτροπος οφείλει να συμμορφώνεται και να εφαρμόζει τις διατάξεις του περί της Παρεμπόδισης", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1f7dae417dd5df1f272a5a000d3937f2dc1a0969e18e9c7127916836bd30972b", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The exception applies where it is proved judicially that the international trust was created with intent to defraud creditors; the burden of proof is borne by the creditors.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, creditor-fraud challenge provision", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(2) Ανεξαρτήτως οποιωνδήποτε τυχόν αντίθετων διατάξεων του δικαίου της Δημοκρατίας ή οποιασδήποτε άλλης χώρας, διεθνές εμπίστευμα δεν είναι άκυρο ή ακυρώσιμο και καμία αξίωση δε δύναται να υποβληθεί αναφορικά με περιουσιακά στοιχεία, τα οποία έχουν μεταβιβασθεί σε διεθνές εμπίστευμα σε περίπτωση πτώχευσης ή εκκαθάρισης της περιουσίας του εμπιστευματoπάρoχoυ ή σε διαδικασία έγερσης αγωγής των πιστωτών του εvαvτίov του, και παρά το ότι έχει συσταθεί oικειoθελώς και χωρίς αvτιπαρoχή ή προς όφελος του εμπιστευματoπάρoχoυ, του/της συζύγου, των τέκvωv του ή οποιουδήποτε από αυτούς, εκτός αν και σε όση έκταση δικαστικά απoδεικvύεται ότι το διεθνές εμπίστευμα συστάθηκε με πρόθεση την καταδολίευση των πιστωτών του εμπιστευματoπάρoχoυ κατά το χρόvo της μεταβίβασης των περιoυσιακώv του στoιχείωv στο εμπίστευμα. Το βάρος της απόδειξης της πρόθεσης αυτής του εμπιστευματoπάρoχoυ φέρoυv οι πιο πάνω πιστωτές του.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "18f0797c7558a85cd0020ea58712642c3bbb43aa145baf620da678b5e90dc764", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The settlor and beneficiaries meet the preceding-year residence conditions (with the charitable exception); at least one trustee remains Cyprus-resident throughout.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, definition of διεθνές εμπίστευμα", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"διεθνές εμπίστευμα\" σημαίνει εμπίστευμα, του οποίου:\n(α) Ο εμπιστευματοπάροχος, είτε φυσικό είτε νομικό πρόσωπο, δεν είναι κάτοικος της Δημοκρατίας κατά το ημερολογιακό έτος, το οποίο προηγείται του έτους δημιουργίας του εμπιστεύματος˙\n(β) ο ένας τουλάχιστον από τους εκάστοτε επιτρόπους καθ' όλη τη διάρκεια του εμπιστεύματος είναι κάτοικος της Δημοκρατίας˙ και\n(γ) κανένας από τους δικαιούχους, είτε φυσικό είτε νομικό πρόσωπο, με εξαίρεση αγαθοεργό ίδρυμα, δεν είναι κάτοικος της Δημοκρατίας κατά το ημερολογιακό έτος, το οποίο προηγείται του έτους δημιουργίας του εμπιστεύματος:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "18f0797c7558a85cd0020ea58712642c3bbb43aa145baf620da678b5e90dc764", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "An action against a trustee is brought within two years from the date of the transfer or disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, creditor action period", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) Αγωγή εvαvτίov επιτρόπου διεθvoύς εμπιστεύματος βάσει των διατάξεων του εδαφίου (2) εγείρεται μέσα σε περίoδo δύο ετών από την ημερoμηvία της μεταβίβασης ή διάθεσης περιoυσιακώv στoιχείωv στο εμπίστευμα.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "18f0797c7558a85cd0020ea58712642c3bbb43aa145baf620da678b5e90dc764", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "A person may not disclose documents or information about the settlor's name or any beneficiary's name, except as provided by the statute.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, confidentiality provision", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "11.-(1) Τηρούμενων των όρων του ιδρυτικού εγγράφου διεθvoύς εμπιστεύματος και αν το δικαστήριο δεν εκδώσει διάταγμα για παροχή πληρoφoριώv σύμφωνα με τις πρόνοιες του εδαφίου (2), o επίτρoπoς, προστάτης, επιθεωρητής εφαρμογής εμπιστεύματος ή οποιοδήποτε άλλο πρόσωπο, συμπεριλαμβαvoμέvωv, δε δύναται να αποκαλύπτει σε καvέvα πρόσωπο που δε δικαιούται κατά vόμo να γνωρίζει έγγραφα ή πληροφορίες:\n(α) Με τα όποια αποκαλύπτεται το όvoμα του εμπιστευματoπάρoχoυ ή οποιουδήποτε από τους δικαιoύχoυς·", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "18f0797c7558a85cd0020ea58712642c3bbb43aa145baf620da678b5e90dc764", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Conditional U.S. hooks: Forms 3520 and 3520-A for foreign-trust circumstances, Form 8938 for reportable specified foreign financial assets, and FBAR for reportable foreign financial accounts.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Cyprus.International trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Income and gains are addressed by source and beneficiary residence, including Cyprus-source amounts and amounts of resident or nonresident beneficiaries.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ο περί Διεθνών Εμπιστευμάτων Νόμος του 1992, tax treatment provision", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "12.-(1) (α) Το εισόδημα και τα κέρδη διεθνούς εμπιστεύματος, τα οποία αποκτώνται ή θεωρείται ότι αποκτώνται από πηγές εντός και εκτός της Δημοκρατίας υπόκεινται σε κάθε φορολογία που επιβάλλεται στη Δημοκρατία στην περίπτωση δικαιούχου που είναι κάτοικος της Δημοκρατίας˙\n(β) Στην περίπτωση δικαιούχου που δεν είναι κάτοικος της Δημοκρατίας, το εισόδημα και τα κέρδη διεθνούς εμπιστεύματος, τα οποία αποκτώνται ή θεωρείται ότι αποκτώνται από πηγές εντός της Δημοκρατίας υπόκεινται σε κάθε φορολογία που επιβάλλεται στη Δημοκρατία.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "18f0797c7558a85cd0020ea58712642c3bbb43aa145baf620da678b5e90dc764", "source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "After the end of the financial year, the management board prepares the annual report in the manner provided by the Accounting Act.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Äriseadustik, annual report provision", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Pärast majandusaasta lõppu koostab juhatus majandusaasta aruande raamatupidamise seaduses sätestatud korras.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "34fc573b73b110769a60a6d1130f6a3d799210b515c7b2318ee0ab2395e6777b", "source_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/akt/106072023131/blob-html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "A creditor enforcing a judgment may reach an OÜ share through attachment and sale under §125, subject to its registration status.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Code of Enforcement Procedure §125(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a share of a private limited company is not registered in a register maintained by the Central Securities Depository, the share is deemed to be attached according to the rules provided for the attachment of movables.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a16af04d6206c0ee5accf8a622a5f5efd6d1adafbe4719023a8bcf1c416eb0d1", "source_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/517122025006/blob-html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "E-residents can register an Estonian company online using digital ID access.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "e-Residency start-a-company page", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Register a company in Estonia rapidly and 100% online. Authenticate remotely with your digital ID, access e-services seamlessly, and lean on a network of supportive service providers.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fc73e97c09785d01988c11a667cea095b0ea5b088a723002cfb4b652590c6658", "source_url": "https://www.e-resident.gov.ee/start-a-company/", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Bankruptcy transaction recovery has conditional one-, three-, and five-year periods under §110(1); these are general insolvency rules, not a special OÜ formation window.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Bankruptcy Act §110(1)(2)-(4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "within one year before the appointment of an interim trustee or trusted practitioner if the other party knew or should have known that the transaction damages the interests of the creditors;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ee47b6a2afe792317c15daefe368badd815ec8f4523119945928e7c33005efc8", "source_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/501122025004/blob-html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "OÜ beneficial-owner data is filed through the Commercial Register; access to the returned data depends on the requester’s access rights.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Prevention Act §77(1), Commercial Register transmission route", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) Following the provisions of subsections 2–4² of § 9 and § 76 of this Act, a general partnership, limited partnership, private limited company, public limited company or commercial association files with the Beneficial Ownership Information Database – via the Commercial Register information system – the following data on its beneficial owner:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "070d17cd502d63556d3e43ff3aa82dab1c6d93c36cf6c6b2b6435fac390c390d", "source_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/503122024002/blob-html", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Classification-dependent U.S. hooks: Form 5471 for certain foreign corporations; Form 8938 and FBAR may apply to reportable foreign assets/accounts.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471; related IRS pages in additional_sources", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Estonian resident companies pay 22/78 income tax on distributed profit or dividends; undistributed profit is not taxed as a distribution.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Estonian Tax and Customs Board, Taxation of dividends, 2025 rule", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Starting from 2025, dividends are only taxed at the company level in Estonia with income tax at the rate of 22/78.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2cdf91cd93647b1f9c01b2c856a145a19a3b338f5abe9248cf42f8f7c6b4d96c", "source_url": "https://emta.ee/en/business-client/taxes-and-payment/income-and-social-taxes/taxation-dividends", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Each Isle of Man LLC must deliver an annual return in prescribed form within one month of the anniversary of registration, stating registered office, registered agent, manager, and member particulars, plus beneficial-ownership compliance.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 1996, section 10", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Every limited liability company shall in each year deliver an annual\nreturn in the prescribed form to the Department within one month of the\nanniversary of the company’s registration under this Act.21\n\n(2)\n\nThe annual return shall state —\n(a)\n\nthe address of the registered office of the company;\n\n(b)\n\nthe name and address of the registered agent of the company;\n\n(c)\n\nthe name and address of the manager (if any) of the company, the\ndate of his election and the period of his appointment;22\n\n(d)\n\nthe names and addresses of the members of the company,\nor, where any of those particulars remain unchanged, it shall state\nthat fact.\n\n(2A)\n\nThe annual return must contain a statement of compliance as required by\nsection 42 of the Beneficial Ownership Act 2017.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8ac8416dd84a2930ad7a967cd0fb60a5c3147ba4cc4eb7e600722d6c060d7a49", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The remedies available to a creditor of an Isle of Man LLC member remain unconfirmed because the LLC Act provisions reviewed do not answer whether a charging order is exclusive or whether foreclosure, a creditor bond, or a foreign-judgment bar applies.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "", "source_url": null, "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A resident in the Island may apply to form an LLC by delivering compliant articles of organisation, registered-agent consent, and a prescribed registered-office statement to the Department.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 1996, section 6(1)(a)-(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any person who is resident in the Island may apply to form a limited\nliability company by delivering to the Department —\n(a)\n\n(2)\n\n7\n\narticles of organisation which comply with the requirements of\nthis Act and which are signed by —\n(i)\n\nthe person forming the company; and\n\n(ii)\n\nthe first members named in the articles of organisation;\nand\n\n(b)\n\na consent in the prescribed form signed by the person named in\nthe articles as the registered agent; and\n\n(c)\n\na statement in the prescribed form of the intended registered\noffice in the Island.12", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "989c897e8e229a87b7f16ca206a6dd6bb1a9bd3276b5bc36963b41668f115f03", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Schedule 4 addresses fraud in winding up: fraudulent gifts, transfers, charges, or executions made with intent to defraud creditors are offences, and a two-month period is stated for concealment or removal of property after an unsatisfied judgment or order.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies Act 1996, Schedule 4 paragraphs 3-4", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "with intent to defraud creditors of the company, has made or\ncaused to be made any gift or transfer of or charge on, or has\ncaused or connived at the levying of any execution against the\nproperty of the company; or\n\n(c)\n\nwith intent to defraud creditors of the company, has concealed or\nremoved any part of the property of the company since or within\n2 months before the date of any unsatisfied judgment or order for\npayment of money obtained against the company", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8ac8416dd84a2930ad7a967cd0fb60a5c3147ba4cc4eb7e600722d6c060d7a49", "source_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The beneficial-ownership FAQ lists an LLC under the Limited Liability Companies Act 1996 as a legal entity to which the Act applies; for covered entities, registrable beneficial-owner details must be recorded on the Isle of Man Database.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IOMFSA beneficial ownership FAQ, required-details opening sentence", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "In accordance with sections 11 (Required details) and 20 (Compulsory submission of registrable beneficial ownership information to the Department) of the Act, the following information relating to registrable beneficial owners must be recorded on the Database:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c0c2a1f19bfd96db2b10d6e9ade3af0f0d9c940b9c2b2f1fef2dcc93e1bbaf22", "source_url": "https://iomfsa.im/beneficial-ownership/faqs/", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. person reporting hooks for a foreign LLC depend on U.S. classification; IRS Form 5471 covers certain foreign corporations, Form 8865 covers certain foreign partnerships, and Form 8858 covers foreign disregarded entities and branches.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Isle of Man.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Isle of Man registry page states that LLC profits are treated as member income for income-tax purposes.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Isle of Man Government LLC registry page, principal features", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The profits of the company are treated as the income of the members for the purposes of Income Tax.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "473ef45f3d18dcc8a15539c2326f350de7342ef4049a049115a290553bf560da", "source_url": "https://www.gov.im/categories/business-and-industries/companies-registry/registries/limited-liability-companies/?iomg-device=Desktop", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The JFSC fee schedule identifies receipt of the annual confirmation statement for LLCs and late-filing fee bands tied to annual-confirmation timing.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "JFSC Limited liability company fees, Post Registration items 5-6", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Receipt of the annual confirmation statement\n£155 (total £330 including Government levy)\nReceipt of the annual confirmation statement from a  limited liability company administered by a trust company or fund services business\n[1]\n,\n£155 (total £330 including Government levy)\nReceipt of the annual confirmation statement from an ordinarily administered  limited liability company\n[2]\n£75 (total £220 including Government levy)\n6\nFS(D&PI) Law 17\nPlus any additional late filing fee (if applicable) in accordance with Article 49 of the Commission Law\na)        Where the annual confirmation statement is delivered after the end of February in the year in which it is due but before the end of March in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a limited liability company (if any); or\n£75\nb)      Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of March in the year in which it is due but before the end of April in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability  company (if any); or\n£150\nc)        Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of April in the year in which it is due but before the end of May in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability company (if any); or\n£225\nd)       Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of May in the year in which it is due but before the end of June in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability company (if any); or\n£295\ne)       Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of June in the year in which it is due but before the end of July in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability  company (if any); or\n£445\nf)         Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of July in the year in which it is due but before the end of August in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability  company (if any); or\n£590\ng)        Where the annual confirmation statement is provided after the end of  August in the year in which it is due but before the end of September in that year, in respect of the limited liability company and in respect of each series of a  limited liability company (if any).\n£710", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ee877671f13f94f0565d27a331b67611bb4e5371666efd54f88635ebeb38419a", "source_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/registry-fees/limited-liability-company-fees/", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "LLC debts and liabilities are solely those of the LLC. A member or manager is not personally liable solely because of that status, although either may separately agree to personal liability.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies (Jersey) Law 2018, Article 18", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "18      Liabilities to third parties\n\n(1)     Except as otherwise provided by this Law, the debts and other liabilities of a limited liability company, whether arising in contract under customary law or otherwise, shall be solely the debts and other liabilities of the limited liability company, and neither a member nor a manager of a limited liability company shall be personally liable for any such debts or other liabilities of the limited liability company solely by reason of being a member or acting as a manager of the limited liability company.\n\n(2)     Notwithstanding paragraph (1), a member or manager may, in accordance with the LLC agreement or otherwise, agree to be liable personally for any or all of the debts and other liabilities of the limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf20cf2d7a08eb3f76b1229d8360a62117bf8d69b6804a00b6a5b7c345b650bd", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_32_2018", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The registrar receives documents on an application to form a limited liability company and each series; the 2024 JFSC fee table states standard processing periods and fees for that function.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "JFSC Limited liability company fees, Registration item 1", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Receipt of documents on an application to form a limited liability\ncompany and each series of a limited liability company:\nWithin 5 business days\n£200\nWithin 3 business days\n£295\nWithin 2  business days\n£375\nWithin 1 business day\n£520", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ee877671f13f94f0565d27a331b67611bb4e5371666efd54f88635ebeb38419a", "source_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/registry-fees/limited-liability-company-fees/", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An LLC must not distribute to or release an obligation of a member while insolvent or if that act causes insolvency. For six months after receipt of a prohibited distribution or release, or in a case of fraud, the member is liable to the LLC for the distribution amount or obligation.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Companies (Jersey) Law 2018, Article 37(1)-(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "37      Limitation on distribution[41]\n\n(1)     A limited liability company must not make a distribution to a member or release a member from the performance of an obligation if the limited liability company is insolvent or if the result of the distribution or release is that the limited liability company becomes insolvent.[42]\n\n(2)     For a period of 6 months from the date of receipt by a member of a distribution or purported release from the performance of an obligation in contravention of paragraph (1) or in the case of fraud, the member is liable to the limited liability company for the amount of the distribution or for performance of the obligation purportedly released.\n\n(3)     In this Article, “distribution” does not include amounts constituting reasonable compensation for present or past services or reasonable payments made in the ordinary course of business under a bona fide retirement plan or other benefits programme.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf20cf2d7a08eb3f76b1229d8360a62117bf8d69b6804a00b6a5b7c345b650bd", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_32_2018", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Every Jersey LLC must give the JFSC details of the individuals who ultimately own or control it upon registration and upon any change.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "JFSC About limited liability company, Beneficial owners and controllers", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Beneficial owners and controllers\n\nAny individual who ultimately owns or controls the limited liability company or exercises ultimate control over it.\n\nRead our guidance on identifying beneficial owners or controllers.\n\nEvery limited liability company must give details of the beneficial owners and controllers upon registration or any change.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "62884b0434735feff47c995c3bc86c5f00088e3c0feb13e8e90325f40e930f32", "source_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/register-or-make-a-change/about-limited-liability-company/", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. person reporting hooks for a foreign LLC depend on U.S. classification; IRS Form 5471 covers certain foreign corporations and Form 8865 covers certain foreign partnerships.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A company incorporated under the Limited Liability Companies (Jersey) Law 2018 is tax transparent for Jersey income-tax purposes. Its secretary must complete a Partnership Combined Notification on the company’s behalf.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Revenue Jersey Partnerships Guidance, section 11.1, Limited Liability Companies", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Limited Liability Companies\n\n By virtue of Article 135D of the Law, a company incorporated under Limited Liability\n Companies (Jersey) Law 2018 is treated as tax transparent for the purposes of the Law. Since\n this is to all intents and purposes the same tax treatment as partnerships, to meet the\n reporting requirements of Article 135C of the Law, the secretary of an LLC is required to\n complete a Notification on behalf of the company.\n\n\n\nFor the remainder of this guidance note, where appropriate, any reference to ‘responsible partner’,\n‘partner’ or ‘partnership’ should be read as a reference to ‘secretary’, ‘member’ or ‘LLC’ respectively\nwhere the entity completing the Notification is an LLC.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8c2774d669308d5ff3e5fb54dca531b43926cdd50d2bf5a88c9b4619340765fb", "source_url": "https://gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Tax%20and%20your%20money/Partnerships%20Guidance.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A newly created trust must send its trust paperwork to Revenue Jersey for tax registration. The trust tax return is completed each year to report trust income, and a certificate of income and tax paid is completed for each beneficiary.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Revenue Jersey, Estate and trust tax return help, Trusts / Trust information", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a trust is created then you will need to send a copy of the trust paperwork to Revenue Jersey so that it can be registered for tax.\n\nBequests in the will \n\nYou don't need to include bequests, these are not subject to tax in Jersey.\n\nCompleting the estate return \n\nYou'll need to complete each section only if it applies to the estate.\n\nWhen you complete the return you only need to tell us about income the estate is receiving, not the capital.\n\nFor example you would declare the interest that a savings account earns, but not the account balance.\n\nTelling the beneficiaries about the trust or estate income \n\nYou must complete a certificate of income and tax paid for each beneficiary so they can declare the income on their personal tax return.\n\nThe trust or estate income will have been taxed at source, but ​it must still be declared as it forms part of their total income for the purposes of calculating the tax.\n\nYou must also include any capital paid to the beneficiary out of the trust or estate on the certificate. \n\n[]R60 certificate for income from a trust​​\n\nTrust information \n\nYou will need to complete this return each year to report the income of the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac3d6479f00fa4bc711d9cb68a4acd65644d5c9d79e55f62044f63d8c483659f", "source_url": "https://gov.je/TaxesMoney/IncomeTax/Individuals/YourTaxReturn/Pages/TrustAndEstateReturnNotes.aspx", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "When a trustee becomes insolvent or distraint, execution, or a similar legal process is used against the trustee’s property, the trustee’s creditors have no claim against trust property beyond the trustee’s own claim against, or beneficial interest in, the trust. Article 9(1) directs its listed trust questions to Jersey law, subject to Article 9(2A)’s contrary trust terms and limits concerning settlor ownership or disposition power, corporate capacity, disposition formalities, foreign immovable property, and testamentary dispositions. Jersey légitime applies to those questions only if the settlor is domiciled in Jersey.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trusts (Jersey) Law 1984, Article 54(4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where a trustee becomes\ninsolvent or upon distraint, execution or any similar process of law being\nmade, taken or used against any of the trustee’s property, the\ntrustee’s creditors shall have no right or claim against the trust\nproperty except to the extent that the trustee himself or herself has a claim\nagainst the trust or has a beneficial interest in the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d02515aecf97e8e390acddc24501f6def7c09a01fed12d85674e743d159a3613", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Jersey trust exists where a trustee holds or is deemed to hold property for a beneficiary, for a non-trustee-only purpose, or for both.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trusts (Jersey) Law 1984, Article 2, complete beneficiary/purpose alternatives", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trust exists where a person (known as a trustee) holds or has vested in the person or is deemed to hold or have vested in the person property (of which the person is not the owner in the person’s own right) –\n\n(a)     for the benefit of any person (known as a beneficiary) whether or not yet ascertained or in existence;\n\n(b)     for any purpose which is not for the benefit only of the trustee; or\n\n(c)     for such benefit as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) and also for any such purpose as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (b).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "216ad6d687fea0516f0963b652a6887e09cc46f28f344f42d63d282b08e4d845", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a Jersey Pauline action to set aside a disposition that defeats creditors, the creditor debt must precede the transaction; the prescription period for the personal action concerning movables is ten years.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Grupo Torras S.A. v Sheikh Fahad Mohammed Al Sabah & ors, Pauline action and Limitation", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The Pauline action\n\n(1)        a Pauline action could only be brought by a creditor whose debt preceded the transaction which was to be set aside.  A person became a creditor when the facts giving rise to his cause of action occurred, even if the validity of the cause of action was not established until later;\n\n(2)        the creditor had to prove that the debtor was either insolvent at the time of the disposition in question, or that the disposition had exacerbated a pre-existing insolvency: applying Golder v Société des Magasins Concorde Ltd.^([21])   In determining this issue, the Court was not required to carry out a meticulous balance sheet exercise, but simply had to satisfy itself that there was a close connection in time and effect between the disposition and the insolvency;\n\n(3)        in the case of a disposition made to a volunteer, the alienation was voidable when the alienor alone was guilty of an intention to defeat his creditors.  Mere recklessness would not suffice, but the fact that the defeat of creditors was the natural result of a transaction was a material factor to take into account. In the case of a disposition made for a value commensurate with the value of the object alienated, the alienation was only voidable where both the alienor and the alienee were aware of the real nature of the transaction;\n\n(4)        where more than one purpose existed for carrying out the disposition, the requirements of the Pauline action were satisfied where a substantial purpose of the transaction was to defeat creditors;\n\n(5)        the Court should also consider whether, in reliance upon a receipt, an innocent recipient had so changed his position that it would be inequitable to require him to make restitution, or to make restitution in full;\n\n(6)        the burden of showing that it would be inequitable to order restitution lay upon the recipient;\n\n(7)        a final decision on this part of GT’s claim was deferred pending further  argument on the issue as to change of position/continuing unjust enrichment.\n\nLimitation\n\nA Pauline action was to be classified as a personal action relating to movables. Applying Albright v Wailes,^([22])the prescription period for such actions was ten years.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "69bf38280df749a2e4280167aa6250f63bc9a9ebe22dfc915942e7c22684183c", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/publications/jglr/Pages/JLR0206_Case_Summaries.aspx", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trust terms may confer disclosure rights on any person. Subject to the trust terms and a court order, a noncharitable beneficiary, a named charitable beneficiary, or an enforcer may request trust-account documents; a trustee may refuse if satisfied that refusal serves one or more beneficiaries or the beneficiaries as a whole.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trusts (Jersey) Law 1984, Article 29(1)-(4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "29\nDisclosure\n[46]\n(\n1\n)\nSubject to any order of\nthe court, the terms of a trust may –\n(\na\n)\nconfer\nupon any person a right to request the disclosure of information or a document concerning\nthe trust;\n(\nb\n)\ndetermine\nthe extent of the right of any person to information or a document concerning\nthe trust; or\n(\nc\n)\nimpose\na duty upon a trustee to disclose information or a document concerning the\ntrust to any person.\n(\n2\n)\nSubject to the terms of\nthe trust and to any order of the court –\n(\na\n)\na\nbeneficiary under the trust not being a charity;\n(\nb\n)\na\ncharity which is referred to by name in the terms of the trust as a beneficiary\nunder the trust; or\n(\nc\n)\nan\nenforcer,\nmay request disclosure by the trustee of documents which relate to\nor form part of the accounts of the trust.\n(\n3\n)\nSubject to any order of\nthe court, a trustee may refuse to comply with –\n(\na\n)\na\nrequest for disclosure of information or a document concerning the trust under\nparagraph (1)(a) or any document which relates to or forms part of the\naccounts of the trust under paragraph (2); or\n(\nb\n)\nany\nother request for disclosure of information or a document concerning the trust,\nwhere the trustee in the exercise of its discretion is satisfied\nthat it is in the interests of one or more of the beneficiaries, or the\nbeneficiaries as a whole, to refuse the request.\n(\n4\n)\nNotwithstanding\nparagraphs (1), (2) and (3), subject to the terms of the trust and to any\norder of the court, a trustee shall not be required to disclose to any person\ninformation or a document which –\n(\na\n)\ndiscloses\nthe trustee’s deliberations as to the manner in which the trustee has\nexercised a power or discretion or performed a duty conferred or imposed upon\nthe trustee;\n(\nb\n)\ndiscloses\nthe reason for any particular exercise of a power or discretion or performance\nof a duty referred to in sub-paragraph (a), or the material upon which\nsuch reason shall or might have been based; or\n(\nc\n)\nrelates\nto the exercise or proposed exercise of a power or discretion, or the\nperformance or proposed performance of a duty, referred to in sub-paragraph (a).\n(\n5\n)\nNotwithstanding the\nterms of the trust, on the application of the trustee, an enforcer, a\nbeneficiary or, with leave of the court any other person, the court may make such\norder as it thinks fit determining the extent to which any person may request\nor receive information or a document concerning the trust, whether generally or\nin any particular instance.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d02515aecf97e8e390acddc24501f6def7c09a01fed12d85674e743d159a3613", "source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A U.S. person trust-reporting hook is IRS Form 3520 for certain transactions with foreign trusts, ownership of foreign trusts under IRC sections 671 through 679, and certain large foreign gifts or bequests.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting bullets", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\nCertain transactions with foreign trusts.\nOwnership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.\nReceipt of certain large gifts or bequests from certain foreign persons.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7be47783ce60c1dcfb5b512fa564a4c228fe865596a1043140a631963bcdb6c0", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Jersey.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trust or settlement income distributions are liable to Jersey tax. Income distributions from a Jersey trust have Jersey tax deducted at 20% before payment and must still be declared on the recipient’s personal tax return.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Revenue Jersey, Trust or settlement distributions, Jersey trust subsection", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Trust or settlement income distributions are liable to Jersey tax.\n\nIncome distributions from a Jersey trust\n\nThis income will have Jersey tax deducted at 20% before it is paid. However, it must still be declared on your personal tax return. This is because we can't calculate some tax reliefs properly unless we know your total income from all sources.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a74438d1677603542ad5b66f67145fde2f59c01a3b13b0e8292a406e9f275c03", "source_url": "https://gov.je/TaxesMoney/IncomeTax/Individuals/TypesTaxableIncome/pages/trustsettlementdistributions.aspx", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "From 1 July 2026, Labuan FSA guidance requires annual beneficial-ownership submission by 31 January and change updates within 30 days; registered trusts also give an existence notice within one month after each registration anniversary.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Guidance Note, s. 4.1(b), p. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "4.1 Labuan entities, through their appointed authorised agents, are required to\n take reasonable steps to obtain sufficient, accurate and updated beneficial\n ownership information and submit the necessary information and particulars\n via the ROC registry system. The submission schedule is outlined as follows:\n\n Type of\n Item Applicability Frequency\n Submission\n Newly\n Within thirty (30) days upon\n First Entry incorporated/registered\n (a) incorporation or registration or\n Point /created Labuan\n creation of Labuan entities\n entities only\n\n Annually, on or before 31\n January of every year\n\n Within thirty (30) days upon\n Continuing All existing Labuan\n (b) any change in information,\n Obligation entities\n ownership or control being\n recorded in the Register of\n Beneficial Owners (ROBO 1) of\n the Labuan entities", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e4281905bc89a1ce47e9ad50b436d40ad18d62d8389e98c5af872e0edd90e494", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/regulations/amlcft/guidelines-directives-circulars/guidelines-on-beneficial-ownership-for-labuan-entities/guidance-note-on-submission-of-beneficial-ownership-information-for-labuan-entities", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a validly created Labuan trust, section 10(1)(d) bars recognition of foreign-law or foreign-court insolvency creditor claims against trust property, subject to section 11; for a resident settlor, section 10 applies only insofar as consistent with Malaysian written law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Labuan Trusts Act 1996, s. 10(1)(d), PDF pp. 15-16", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "10. (1) Where a Labuan trust is validly created in accordance with or as provided by this\nAct, the Court shall not vary it or set it aside or recognize the validity of any claim\nagainst the trust property pursuant to the law of another jurisdiction or the order of a court\nof another jurisdiction in respect of-\n\n (a) the personal and proprietary consequences of marriage or the termination of\n marriage;\n\n (b) succession rights, whether testate or intestate, including the fixed shares of\n spouses or relatives;\n\n (c) any claims or orders of court with regard to matters referred to in paragraph\n (a) or (b) in reference to the personal laws of the settlor or the beneficiaries;\n\n (d) the claims of creditors in an insolvency subject to the provisions of section 11;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ef9470e1ff87087a38606a2472173e773dcd9668543826be80517f6fe3c5d56", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Registration with Labuan FSA is optional; at least one trustee must be a Labuan trust company.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Labuan Trusts Act 1996, section 12(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "may be registered with the Authority.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ef9470e1ff87087a38606a2472173e773dcd9668543826be80517f6fe3c5d56", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 11(3) states the two-year and one-year conditions for creation, registration, or disposition; for a resident settlor, section 11 applies only insofar as consistent with Malaysian written law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Labuan Trusts Act 1996, s. 11(3)(a)-(b), PDF p. 17", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) A Labuan trust created or registered in Labuan and a disposition of property to such\ntrust shall not be fraudulent as against a creditor of a settlor-\n\n (a) if its creation or registration, or the disposition, takes place after the expiration\n of two years from the date that creditor's cause of action accrued; or\n\n (b) if its creation or registration, or the disposition, takes place before the\n expiration of two years from the date that creditor's cause of action accrued and\n that creditor fails to commence such action before the expiration of one year from\n the date of such creation or registration, or disposition.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ef9470e1ff87087a38606a2472173e773dcd9668543826be80517f6fe3c5d56", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The trustee keeps the beneficial-owner register at the registered office and lodges notice of changes with the Authority within 30 days after recording them.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Act A1757, s. 5 inserting s. 21A(1)-(2), PDF p. 5", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trustee shall keep a register of beneficial owners of\n the Labuan trust and record in the register—\n\n (a) the full name, addresses, nationality, identification\n and usual place of residence of a person who is a\n beneficial owner of the Labuan trust;\n\n (b) the date the person becomes a beneficial owner of\n the Labuan trust;\n\n (c) the date the person ceases to be a beneficial owner of\n the Labuan trust; and\n\n (d) such other information as may be determined by\n the Authority.\n\n (2) The register of beneficial owners of the Labuan trust\n shall be kept at the registered office of the Labuan trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6220b439a2609375b32ff60fe17dae5d079748afeff7d04e6b9fe260ab6056f", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/2025/A1757-BI-LABUAN-TRUSTS-%28AMENDMENT%29-ACT-2025_24042025.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Labuan.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The cited text states only that subsections are deleted. It does not establish the current tax rate or exemptions for a Labuan trust, so those terms remain unconfirmed.", "pinpoint": "Act A1757, section 3(b)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "by deleting subsections (5), (6) and (7).", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6220b439a2609375b32ff60fe17dae5d079748afeff7d04e6b9fe260ab6056f", "source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/2025/A1757-BI-LABUAN-TRUSTS-%28AMENDMENT%29-ACT-2025_24042025.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation records depend on activity; supervised foundations normally receive an annual purpose-use review, subject to the public-benefit auditor-waiver rule. General PGR accounting duties depend on registration and commercial activity.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "PGR Art. 552 § 26, noncommercial foundation records and asset inventory", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Bei allen anderen Stiftungen hat der Stiftungsrat über die Verwaltung und Verwendung des Stiftungsvermögens unter Berücksichtigung der Grundsätze einer ordentlichen Buchführung den Vermögensverhältnissen der Stiftung angemessene Aufzeichnungen zu führen und Belege aufzubewahren, aus denen der Geschäftsverlauf und die Entwicklung des Stiftungsvermögens nachvollzogen werden können. Ferner hat der Stiftungsrat ein Vermögensverzeichnis zu führen, aus dem der Stand und die Anlage des Stiftungsvermögens ersichtlich sind.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8b951a0282f9378c2c4679b3c40c4bc0476a41b8b25042937ba50042d5d6a229", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Family-foundation and family-Anstalt beneficiary protections have different statutory conditions; vehicle debts have recourse to vehicle assets, and trust assets are segregated from a trustee's insolvency subject to statutory exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "PGR Art. 546, 548; Art. 552 §§ 36-37; Art. 915", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Bei Familienstiftungen kann der Stifter bestimmen, dass die Gläubiger von Begünstigten diesen ihre unentgeltlich erlangte Begünstigungsberechtigung oder Anwartschaftsberechtigung, bzw. einzelne Ansprüche daraus, auf dem Wege des Sicherungsverfahrens, der Zwangsvollstreckung oder des Insolvenzverfahrens nicht entziehen dürfen.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8b951a0282f9378c2c4679b3c40c4bc0476a41b8b25042937ba50042d5d6a229", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "An inter vivos Stiftung uses a certified written declaration and 30,000 CHF/EUR/USD minimum; testamentary formation has separate form rules. Foundation registration depends on type; Anstalt registration has statutory exceptions; Treuunternehmen registration is constitutive.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "PGR Art. 537-538; Art. 552 §§ 13-14; Art. 932a § 7", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Das Mindestkapital der Stiftung beträgt 30 000 Franken. Es kann auch durch Euro oder US-Dollar aufgebracht werden und beträgt dann 30 000 Euro oder 30 000 US-Dollar.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8b951a0282f9378c2c4679b3c40c4bc0476a41b8b25042937ba50042d5d6a229", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Stiftung/qualifying Anstalt gift challenges: RSO one-year route for specified gratuitous acts and gifts with exceptions and creditor burden; intentional-prejudice claims are timing-independent, while the avoidance action has a five-year act-based limitation with a judicial-service notice extension rule. Gratuitous Treuunternehmen transfers: five-year pre-insolvency or failed-enforcement period with insolvency proof and last-resort liquidation.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "PGR Art. 932a § 35(3), five-year gratuitous Treuunternehmen rule and last-resort liquidation condition", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Wurde ein Treuunternehmen innerhalb der letzten fünf Jahre vor Eröffnung des Insolvenzverfahrens über das Vermögen des Treugebers oder vor der Durchführung der fruchtlosen Zwangsvollstreckung aus dem Vermögen des Treugebers unentgeltlich zu Gunsten Dritter errichtet oder dem Unternehmen sonst in dieser Weise Vermögen zugewendet, so ist, falls der Gläubiger des Treugebers oder der Insolvenzverwalter nachweist, dass der bezügliche Treugeber nach Ausscheidung des dem Treuunternehmen gewidmeten Vermögens zahlungsunfähig war, unbeschadet der inzwischen gutgläubig und entgeltlich erworbenen Rechte Beteiligter oder Dritter, das Treuunternehmen zu Gunsten der Gläubiger des Treugebers nur dann auf Anordnung der Vollstreckungsbehörde zu liquidieren, wenn die Befriedigung des Gläubigers auf Grund einer hiefür aufgestellten Liquidationsbilanz nicht in anderer Weise entsprechend erfolgen kann.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6eb3d424a2308911f89c7bde4f2d9826102911da5c4f5170020c7e140cd962e2", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation, Anstalt, and Treuunternehmen filings carry form-specific register data; foundations without a registration duty file a founding notice within 30 days.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "PGR Art. 552 § 19(3), foundation register entries", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Die Eintragung hat folgende Angaben zu enthalten:\n1.\tName bzw. Firma der Stiftung;\n2.\tSitz der Stiftung;\n3.\tZweck der Stiftung;\n4.\tDatum der Errichtung der Stiftung;\n5.\tDauer der Stiftung, falls diese begrenzt ist;\n6.\tOrganisation und Vertretung, wobei Name, Vorname, Geburtsdatum, Staatsbürgerschaft und Wohnsitz oder Kanzleisitz bzw. Firma und Sitz der Mitglieder des Stiftungsrats sowie die Art der Zeichnung anzugeben sind;\n7.\tName, Vorname, Geburtsdatum, Staatsbürgerschaft und Wohnsitz oder Kanzleisitz bzw. Firma und Sitz der Revisionsstelle;\n8.\tName, Vorname, Geburtsdatum, Staatsbürgerschaft und Wohnsitz oder Kanzleisitz bzw. Firma und Sitz des Repräsentanten;\n9.\tdie Tatsache, dass die Stiftung unter Aufsicht nach § 29 Abs. 1 Satz 1 steht.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8b951a0282f9378c2c4679b3c40c4bc0476a41b8b25042937ba50042d5d6a229", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. reporting hooks in the cited IRS pages: Forms 3520/3520-A for specified foreign-trust events/ownership, Form 5471 for specified foreign-corporation roles, Form 8938 for threshold specified foreign financial assets, and FBAR for threshold foreign financial accounts.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, opening filing sentence and reportable categories", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.\n- Receipt of certain large gifts or bequests from certain foreign persons.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-26", "claim_type": null, "display": "The general earnings-tax rate is 12.5%; Articles 64 and 65 set minimum-tax treatment for private asset structures and qualifying special asset dedications, with Article 65(2) preserved.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Steuergesetz Art. 64(8)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "8) Privatvermögensstrukturen unterliegen ausschliesslich der Mindestertragssteuer nach Massgabe von Art. 62 Abs. 1 und 2 und werden nicht veranlagt.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2c986f6b73cf2e409f0a3059803f922d76022955b2ec0c646de50af86b387822", "source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/2010340000", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A domestic LLC pays an annual fee due on the anniversary of its certificate-of-formation filing.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Company Act 1996 §70(1)-(2), PDF p. 62", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§70. Annual fees associated with limited liability companies.\n (1) Every domestic limited liability company and every foreign limited\n liability company registered to do business in the Republic of the\n Marshall Islands shall pay an annual fee.\n (2) The annual fee shall be due and payable on the anniversary day of\n the filing of a certificate of formation. The Registrar of Corporations\n shall receive the annual fee.\n (3) Government fees shall be the same as those outlined in Division 1 of\n the Business Corporations Act and non-resident domestic limited\n liability companies shall be exempt from all forms of taxation as\n provided in section 12 of the Business Corporations\n Act.[P.L. 1996-14, §70.][Subsection (3) amended by P.L. 2005-29.]", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A judgment creditor may charge a member’s LLC interest; the creditor has assignee rights only, and §43 states these are the sole remedies against that interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Company Act 1996 §43, PDF p. 48", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§43. Rights of judgment creditor.\n On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor\n of a member, the court may charge the limited liability company interest of\n the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with\n interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights\n of an assignee of the limited liability company interest. This Act does not\n deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the\n member’s limited liability company interest. Notwithstanding any other\n law, the remedies provided by this section shall be the sole remedies\n available to any creditor of a member’s interest. [P.L. 1996-14, §43.][Further amended by\n P.L. 2005-29.]", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "An LLC is formed through a certificate of formation filed with the Registrar.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Company Act 1996 §9(1), PDF p. 15", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§9. Certificate of formation.\n (1) In order to form a limited liability company, one (1) or more\n authorized persons must execute a certificate of formation. The\n certificate of formation shall be filed in the Office of the Registrar of\n Corporations and set forth:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Section 43 states that a court may charge a member’s limited liability company interest with payment of an unsatisfied judgment and that the section’s remedies are the sole remedies available to a creditor of a member’s interest. It does not state a fraudulent-transfer limitation period, so the applicable period remains unconfirmed.", "pinpoint": "s. 43 / official search protocol", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "§43.\n\nRights of judgment creditor.\nOn application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor\nof a member, the court may charge the limited liability company interest of\nthe member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with\ninterest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights\nof an assignee of the limited liability company interest. This Act does not\ndeprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the\nmember’s limited liability company interest. Notwithstanding any other\nlaw, the remedies provided by this section shall be the sole remedies\navailable to any creditor of a member’s interest. [P.L. 1996-14, §43.][Further amended by\nP.L. 2005-29.]", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Every domestic LLC keeps member records. Excluding publicly traded companies, it must use all reasonable efforts to obtain and maintain manager and beneficial-owner records, subject to the stated timing rules.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Company Act 1996 §22(1)(c)(i)-(ii), PDF p. 34", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": " (c) Records of members, managers, and beneficial owners.\n (i) Every domestic limited liability company shall keep an\n up-to-date record containing the names and addresses\n of all members. A resident domestic limited liability\n company shall keep records required to be maintained\n by this subsection in the Republic.\n (ii) Every domestic limited liability company, excluding\n publicly-traded companies, formed after the effective\n date of this law shall, in addition to the records of\n members required under subparagraph (i) of this\n paragraph, use all reasonable efforts to obtain and\n maintain an up-to-date record of the names and\n addresses of all managers and beneficial owners of the\n limited liability company. Every domestic limited\n liability company, excluding publicly-traded\n companies, formed on or before such date shall comply\n with the requirements of this subparagraph (ii) within\n 360 days of such date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A nonresident domestic LLC has the tax exemptions cross-referenced in §70 and specified in Business Corporations Act §12, with statutory fee exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Limited Liability Company Act 1996 §70(3), PDF p. 62; Business Corporations Act §12 in additional source", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§70. Annual fees associated with limited liability companies.\n (1) Every domestic limited liability company and every foreign limited\n liability company registered to do business in the Republic of the\n Marshall Islands shall pay an annual fee.\n (2) The annual fee shall be due and payable on the anniversary day of\n the filing of a certificate of formation. The Registrar of Corporations\n shall receive the annual fee.\n (3) Government fees shall be the same as those outlined in Division 1 of\n the Business Corporations Act and non-resident domestic limited\n liability companies shall be exempt from all forms of taxation as\n provided in section 12 of the Business Corporations\n Act.[P.L. 1996-14, §70.][Subsection (3) amended by P.L. 2005-29.]", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86d53b6d32270e00239bd9f3ebb89e359ea7cc77a9de6afc4325459f3160f8f2", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "For a registered trust, the certificate lasts one year; a trustee may apply to renew with an updated identity notice and fee within 90 days after expiry.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trust Act of 1994 §162(1)-(3), PDF p. 43", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§162. Annual certificate of registration.\n (1) A certificate of registration issued pursuant to Section 161(2) shall be\n valid and effective for one year from the date of registration specified\n in that certificate.\n (2) Application for renewal of registration may be made by a trustee\n upon:\n (a) filing with the Registrar an application for renewal of\n registration in the prescribed form;\n (b) filing with the Registrar an updated notice listing the identity\n of the settlor, the trustee(s), the protector (if any), the\n beneficiaries or class of beneficiaries, and any other natural\n person exercising ultimate effective control over the trust; and\n (c) payment of the prescribed fee.\n (3) Application for renewal of registration may be made within the\n period of 90 days of the date of expiry of the last certificate of\n registration, no application for renewal of registration pursuant to\n subsection (2) shall be granted where application is not made or the\n prescribed fee paid within such period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d5b926990ecc5eb92dd2e9a7c5de49bbad3e820981150c6702aed8962d0616a", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1994/1994-0109/1994-0109_2.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 145(1) requires proof of principal intent to defraud and resulting insolvency or insufficient property, with liability limited to the specified trust property and accumulation.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trust Act of 1994 §145(1), PDF p. 32", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§145. Fraudulent conveyance.\n (1) Where it is proven by a creditor that a trust settled or established or\n property disposed to a trust:\n (a) was so settled, established or disposed by or on behalf of the\n settlor with principal intent to defraud that creditor of the\n settlor; and\n (b) did at the time of such settlement, establishment or disposition\n took place render the settlor, insolvent, or without property by\n which that creditor’s claim (if successful) could have been\n satisfied, then such settlement, establishment or disposition\n shall not be void or voidable and the trust shall be liable to\n satisfy the creditor’s claim out of the property which, but for\n the settlement, establishment or disposition, would have been\n available to satisfy the creditor’s claim and such liability shall\n only be to the extent of the interest that the settlor had in the\n property prior to settlement, establishment or disposition and\n any accumulation to that property (if any) subsequent thereto.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d5b926990ecc5eb92dd2e9a7c5de49bbad3e820981150c6702aed8962d0616a", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1994/1994-0109/1994-0109_2.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Registration requires the prescribed application and fee plus the statutory certificate or trust instrument and notices; the Registrar may then register the trust and issue a certificate.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trust Act of 1994 §§160-161(1)-(2), PDF p. 42", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§160. Application for registration.\n Application for registration of a trust shall be made to the Registrar in the\n prescribed form and accompanied by the prescribed fee. [P.L. 1994-109, §60.]\n\n§161. Registration.\n (1) No trust shall be registered as a trust until there has been filed with\n the Registrar either:\n (a) either:\n (i) certificate from a trustee that the trust upon registration\n will be a Marshall Islands trust; a notice of the\n establishment of the trust; and a notice listing the\n address of the registered office of the trust as defined in\n section 164: or\n (ii) a copy of the trust instrument along with a notice listing\n the address of the registered office of the trust;\n (b) a notice listing the identity of the settlor, the trustee(s), the\n protector (if any), the beneficiaries or class of beneficiaries, and\n any other natural person exercising ultimate effective control\n over the trust.\n (2) Upon receipt of a certificate or trust instrument and notice referred to\n in subsection (1) of this section the Registrar may at the discretion of\n the Registrar, register that trust upon the Register of Trusts kept for\n that purpose and issue a certificate of registration in the prescribed\n form.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d5b926990ecc5eb92dd2e9a7c5de49bbad3e820981150c6702aed8962d0616a", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1994/1994-0109/1994-0109_2.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 145(3) uses two years from accrual of the creditor’s cause and, for an earlier settlement or transfer, one year from that settlement or transfer to commence the action.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trust Act of 1994 §145(3)(a)-(b), PDF pp. 32-33", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": " (3) A trust settled or established and a disposition to such trust shall not\n be fraudulent as against a creditor of a settlor:\n (a) if settled, established or the disposition takes place after the\n expiration of 2 years from the date that the creditor’s cause of\n action accrued; or\n (b) where settled, established or the disposition takes place before\n the expiration of 2 years from the date that the creditor’s cause\n\nPage32 r\n\fTrust Act of 1994 50MIRC Ch.1§145\n\n\n\n of action accrued, that creditor fails to commence such action\n before the expiration of 1 year from the date such settlement,\n establishment or disposition took place.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d5b926990ecc5eb92dd2e9a7c5de49bbad3e820981150c6702aed8962d0616a", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1994/1994-0109/1994-0109_2.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A registration notice lists the settlor, trustees, protector if any, beneficiaries or classes, and any other natural person exercising ultimate effective control.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Trust Act of 1994 §161(1)(b), PDF p. 42", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§161. Registration.\n (1) No trust shall be registered as a trust until there has been filed with\n the Registrar either:\n (a) either:\n (i) certificate from a trustee that the trust upon registration\n will be a Marshall Islands trust; a notice of the\n establishment of the trust; and a notice listing the\n address of the registered office of the trust as defined in\n section 164: or\n (ii) a copy of the trust instrument along with a notice listing\n the address of the registered office of the trust;\n (b) a notice listing the identity of the settlor, the trustee(s), the\n protector (if any), the beneficiaries or class of beneficiaries, and\n any other natural person exercising ultimate effective control\n over the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d5b926990ecc5eb92dd2e9a7c5de49bbad3e820981150c6702aed8962d0616a", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1994/1994-0109/1994-0109_2.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Marshall Islands.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "A nonresident domestic or foreign trust has the tax exemptions enumerated in Business Corporations Act §12, with statutory fee exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Business Corporations Act 1990 §12, PDF p. 18", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "§12. Exemptions for non-resident entities.\n Notwithstanding any provision of the Income Tax Act of 1989 (48 MIRC,\n Chapter 1), or any other law or regulation imposing taxes or fees now in\n effect or hereinafter enacted, a non-resident domestic or foreign corporation,\n partnership, trust, unincorporated association or limited liability company;\n and (solely for purposes of this section) the Administrator and Trust\n Company duly appointed by the Cabinet to act in the capacity of the\n Registrar of Corporations for non-resident entities pursuant to this Act and\n as the Maritime Administrator created pursuant to the Marshall Islands\n Maritime Act 1990 (34 MIRC, Chapter 3A), shall be exempt from any\n corporate tax, net income tax on unincorporated businesses, corporate profit\n tax, income tax, withholding tax on revenues of the entity, asset tax, tax\n reporting requirement on revenues of the entity, stamp duty, exchange\n controls or other fees or taxes other than those imposed by sections 8 and 9\n of this division.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4d4f8f136e9372de949beb0b41153e9149ea76724579c06ef36c954ff9ca54d5", "source_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091/1990-0091_4.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The registration certificate lasts one year. Renewal requires the prescribed application and fee no later than 90 days after expiry; each renewal lasts one year, and the Ordinance ceases to apply if registration is not renewed.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 44(1)-(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Annual certificate of registration.\n44. (1) A certificate of registration issued in accordance with subsection (4) of the\npreceding section shall be valid and effective for a period of one year from the date of\nregistration specified in that certificate.\n (2) An application for renewal of registration shall be made by—\n (a) filing with the registrar an application for renewal in the prescribed\n form; and\n (b) payment of the prescribed fee.\n\n\n\n*\n Original subsection (7) repealed by Ordinance 4 of 2009 and following subsections renumbered.\n\fLAWS OF SAINT CHRISTOPHER\n AND NEVIS Nevis International Exempt Trust Ordinance CAP. 7.03 (N) 33\n Revision Date: 31 Dec 2017 [Nevis Ordinances]\n\n\n (3) An application for renewal of registration shall be made no later than\nninety days after the date of expiry of the last certificate of registration and no\napplication for renewal of registration shall be granted unless such application is in\naccordance with subsection (2) hereof.\n (Amended by Ordinance 2 of 2000)\n (4) Every renewal of registration shall take effect from the date of expiry of\nthe last certificate of registration.\n (5) Every renewal of registration shall be for a period of one year from the\ndate of expiry of the last certificate of registration.\n (6) The provisions of this Ordinance shall cease to apply to any trust that fails\nto renew its registration in accordance with this section.\n (Inserted by Ordinance 2 of 2000)", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A creditor has no right against the settlor-beneficiary interest, settlor, or trustee unless the settlor holds and actually exercises the specified revocation-and-appointment power; recourse extends only to that exercise.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 12", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Right of revocation retained by settlor.\n*\n 12. A creditor shall have no right against the interest of a beneficiary of an\ninternational trust who is the settlor or against the settlor or trustee of the trust with\nrespect to such interest unless the settlor has a power to revoke the trust and appoint\nall or part of the trust property to the settlor, the settlor’s creditors, the settlor’s estate,\nor the creditors of the settlor’s estate during the settlor’s lifetime and the settlor\nactually exercises such power in favor of the settlor, the settlor’s creditors, the\nsettlor’s estate, or the creditors of the settlor’s estate but then only to the extent of\nsuch exercise.\n (Inserted by Ordinance 2 of 2015)", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Nevis-law trust applies to the registrar for entry on the international-trust register with the prescribed fee, identifying notice, and trustee or attorney certificate; the registrar enters the trust and issues a certificate of registration.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 43(1)-(8)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Registration of trusts.\n43. (1) The registrar shall maintain a register of international trusts and a register\nof qualified foreign trusts.\n (2) Where a trust provides for the law of Nevis to be the governing law of all\nor any aspects of that trust an application for entry on the register as an international\ntrust shall be made to the registrar.\n (Amended by Ordinance 4 of 2009)\n (3) Where a trust provides for the law of a jurisdiction other than the Island of\nNevis to be the governing law of all aspects of that trust an application for entry on\nthe register as a qualified foreign trust shall be made to the registrar.\n (Amended by Ordinance 4 of 2009)\n (4) Where a trust provides for the law of a jurisdiction other than the Island of\nNevis to be the governing law of all aspects of that trust and the governing law of all\nor any aspects of the trust is changed to the law of Nevis an application for entry on\nthe register as an international trust shall be made to the registrar provided that the\nregistrar shall not accept such an application if the trust is not registered as a qualified\nforeign trust.\n (Amended by Ordinance 4 of 2009)\n\f LAWS OF SAINT CHRISTOPHER\n32 CAP. 7.03 (N) Nevis International Exempt Trust Ordinance AND NEVIS\n[Nevis Ordinances] Revision Date: 31 Dec 2017\n\n\n (5) An application for entry on the register of international trusts or on the\nregister of qualified foreign trusts shall be made in the manner and form prescribed\nby the registrar.\n (6) An application under subsection (5) shall be accompanied by the\nfollowing—\n (a) the prescribed fee;\n (b) notice of the name of the trustee, and the name and registered office of\n the trust;\n (Amended by Ordinance 2 of 2015)\n (c) a certificate from a trustee or an attorney-at-law certifying—\n (i) that the trust upon registration will be an international trust or a\n qualified foreign trust;\n (ii) the date on which the trust was created, settled or established;\n (iii) in the case of a qualified foreign trust, the law under which the\n trust was settled;\n (iv) where the governing law is changed to the law of Nevis, that the\n trust is registered as a qualified foreign trust and the date of its\n registration;\n (v) (a) that there have been no changes made to the international\n trust;\n (b) that there is no illegal activity perpetrated by the trust; and/or\n (c) pending litigation against the trust.\n (Amended by Ordinance 4 of 2009)\n *\n (7) The registrar shall, on receipt of the prescribed fee, the notice and\ncertificate required under subsection (6)—\n (a) enter on the appropriate register the name of the trust, the date of\n creation, settlement or establishment of the trust and the address of the\n registered office of the trust;\n (b) issue a certificate of registration in the prescribed form.\n (8) A certificate of registration under the endorsement of the registrar shall be\nconclusive evidence that all the requirements of this Ordinance in respect of\nregistration have been complied with.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Proceedings to set aside a trust settlement or disposition, or against trustees for breach, must begin within two years of the applicable settlement, disposition, or breach. A person claiming a prior property interest also must sue within two years of settlement or disposition.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 50(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Commencement of proceedings.\n50. (1) No action or proceeding whether pursuant to this Ordinance or at common\nlaw or in equity—\n (a) to set aside the settlement of an international trust;\n (b) to set aside any disposition to any international trust; or\n (c) against a trustee or trustees for breach of trust,\nshall be commenced, unless such action or proceeding is commenced in the Court\nbefore the expiration of 2 years from—\n (i) the date of the settlement of the international trust that is sought to\n be set aside;\n (ii) the disposition to the international trust that is sought to be set\n aside; or\n (iii) the breach of trust by the trustee or trustees,\nas the case may be.\n (Amended by Ordinance 2 of 2015)\n (2) No action or proceeding whether pursuant to this Ordinance or at common\nlaw or in equity shall be commenced by any person—\n (a) claiming to have had an interest in property before that property was\n settled upon or disposed to an international trust; and\n (b) seeking to derive a legal or equitable interest in that property,\nunless such action or proceeding is commenced in the Court before the expiration of\n2 years from the date that the property referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) was\nsettled upon or disposed to an international trust.\n (Amended by Ordinance 2 of 2015)", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The international-trust register is not open for inspection unless a trustee authorises a person in writing to inspect that trust’s entry.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 46", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Inspection of Register.\n46. The register shall not be open for inspection except that a trustee of a trust\nmay, in writing, authorise a person to inspect the entry of that trust on the register.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting purposes", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.International exempt trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A registered international trust is exempt from income tax, listed death-related taxes, stamp duty on trust-property instruments and trustee transactions, and exchange controls.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 49", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Exemption from taxes and duties.\n49. Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary in any enactment, a trust\nregistered under this ordinance shall be exempt from—\n (a) all income tax;\n (b) all estate, inheritance, succession and gift tax payable with respect to\n the trust property by reason of any death;\n (c) stamp duty with respect to all instruments relating to the trust property\n or to transactions carried out by the trustee on behalf of the trust; and\n\f LAWS OF SAINT CHRISTOPHER\n34 CAP. 7.03 (N) Nevis International Exempt Trust Ordinance AND NEVIS\n[Nevis Ordinances] Revision Date: 31 Dec 2017\n\n\n (Substituted by Ordinance 2 of 2015)\n (d) all exchange controls.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f0c5b658c18fa776ebfdf3364863b2c003e1366635a9ef32ac1c4d09b070fd5", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Ch-07.03N-Nevis-International-Exempt-Trust-Ord.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Nevis LLC pays the prescribed annual fee to the Registrar of Companies through its registered agent.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 7", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "7. Annual registration fee.\n A limited liability company shall pay to the Office of the Registrar of Companies an\n annual fee as prescribed in the Schedule of fees required to be prescribed by the Minister\n under section 6 and that annual fee shall be paid on behalf of the limited liability company by\n its registered agent.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A judgment creditor may obtain a charging order over a member’s interest and receive distributions only when the LLC makes them. The charging order is the sole remedy; foreclosure, seizure, levy, attachment, directions, and accounting are unavailable.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 60(1)-(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "60. Rights of judgment creditor.\n (1) On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor\n (including a trustee-in-bankruptcy) of a member of a limited liability company, the court may\n make an order to charge the member’s interest with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\n judgment with interest.\n (2) A charging order shall entitle the judgment creditor to receive any distributions, in\n relation to that member’s interest, in lieu of the member, whether of income or capital, but only\n as and when made by the limited liability company.\n (3) For the purposes of assessing the sum which may be subject to, and recoverable\n pursuant to a charging order, the court shall disregard and exclude any amount which\n constitutes a fine, penalty, or award of exemplary or punitive damages (by whatever name),\n or is an amount of multiplied damages assessed as compensation for loss or damage.\n (4) Unless otherwise provided in the operating agreement, the member’s interest charged\n may, but need not, be redeemed at any time:\n (a) with separate property of any member, to any one (1) or more of the members; or\n (b) with respect to property of the limited liability company, to any one (1) or more\n of the members whose interests are not charged, on the consent of the members\n whose interests are not charged, if all members are responsible for management\n duties pursuant to section 48 (1), or on the consent of the managers whose\n interests are not charged, if managers are responsible for management duties\n pursuant to section 48 (2).\n (5) Notwithstanding any other law, the remedies provided by subsection (1) shall be\n the sole remedies available to any creditor of a member’s interest, whether the limited liability\n company has a single member or multiple members.\n (6) No other remedy of any type, legal or equitable, including, but not limited to,\n (a) foreclosure;\n (b) seizure;\n (c) levy;\n\n\n\n\nNevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance, 2017.pmd\n 32 1/15/2018, 9:21 AM\n\f 33\n Nevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance, 2017 – 2.\n\n\n (d) attachment on the member’s interest or rights; or\n (e) a court order for directions or an accounting,\n is available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy the judgment out of the judgment\n debtor’s interest in the limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An organiser forms a Nevis LLC by executing articles of organisation and filing them with the Registrar of Companies.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 17(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "17. Formation.\n (1) Any person may form a limited liability company under this Ordinance.\n (2) Articles of organisation shall be executed by each organiser forming the limited\n liability company and shall be filed with the Registrar of Companies in conformity with the\n provisions of section 4.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Formation or disposition is outside the statutory fraudulent-transfer rule after two years from accrual of the creditor’s cause of action. If it occurs within those two years, the creditor must sue within one year of the formation or disposition; a pre-accrual formation or disposition is not fraudulent against that creditor.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 61(4)-(5)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(4) The formation of a limited liability company and a disposition to such limited liability\n company shall not be fraudulent as against a creditor of a member:\n (a) if the formation or the disposition takes place after the expiration of two (2)\n years from the date of that creditor’s cause of action accruing; or\n (b) where the formation or the disposition takes place before the expiration of\n two (2) years from the date that the creditor’s cause of action accrued, but such\n creditor fails to commence such action before the expiration of one (1) year\n from the date such formation or disposition took place.\n (5) A limited liability company formed and a disposition of property to such limited\n liability company shall not be fraudulent as against a creditor of a member, if the formation or\n disposition of property took place before such creditor’s cause of action against the member\n accrued or had arisen.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Nevis LLC keeps proper books and records, including applicable underlying contracts and invoices, sufficient to explain transactions and prepare financial statements, for at least five years.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 67(1)-(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "67. Books and records of limited liability companies.\n (1) A limited liability company shall cause to be kept proper books and records including,\n where applicable, material underlying documentation including contracts and invoices and\n should reflect details of:\n (a) all sums of money received and expended by the limited liability company, and\n the matters in respect of which the receipt and expenditure takes place; and\n (b) all sales and purchases and other transactions and the assets and liabilities of\n the limited liability company.\n (2) The books and records of a limited liability company shall accurately explain all\n transactions:\n (a) to enable the financial position of the limited liability company to be determined\n with reasonable accuracy at any time; and\n (b) to allow financial statements to be prepared.\n (3) The books and records which a limited liability company is required to keep shall be\n preserved by it for a minimum period of five (5) years from the date on which they are\n prepared.\n\n\n\n\nNevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance, 2017.pmd\n 39 1/15/2018, 9:21 AM\n\f 40\n Nevis Limited Liability Company Ordinance, 2017 – 2.\n\n\n (4) The books and records shall be stored in any mechanical, electronic or digital\n storage method now known or hereinafter invented or adopted or in any form capable of\n being converted into written form within a reasonable time.\n (5) The books and records of a limited liability company shall be kept at the registered\n office of the limited liability company or at such other place or places as the managers think\n fit.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 5471, reporting description", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain U.S. citizens and residents who are officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file Form 5471 and schedules to satisfy the reporting requirements of sections 6038 and 6046, and the related regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac361fe57c8a7782fbc10a93d50562f2ae6719777892d1e647abc921d935ff97", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Nevis.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "An LLC that does no business in Saint Christopher and Nevis is exempt from the listed taxes on foreign-origin assets, income, and activities, subject to statutory fees; profits paid to members by such an LLC are exempt from otherwise applicable Nevis tax or withholding.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "s. 96(2)-(3), PDF p. 58 / printed p. 54", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(2) A limited liability company subject to this Ordinance which does no business in\n Saint Christopher and Nevis, shall not be subject to any corporate tax, income tax, withholding\n tax, stamp tax, asset tax, exchange controls, or other fees or taxes based upon or measured by\n assets or income originating outside of Saint Christopher and Nevis or in connection with\n other activities outside of Saint Christopher and Nevis or in connection with matters of\n corporate administration which may occur in Saint Christopher and Nevis, except as provided\n in sections 6 and 7.\n (3) Any profits on member’s interest paid by a limited liability company which does not\n carry on business in St. Christopher and Nevis to its members, shall be exempt from any tax\n or withholding provisions of the laws of Nevis which would otherwise be applicable to such\n limited liability company or the recipient of the profits.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "962ebc6054ca7eb94e22819ba5bc05e79d434201d8f800f4be9dd6f8b15b1b5f", "source_url": "https://www.nevisfsrc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/nevis-limited-liability-company-ordinance-2017-02.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Unless the governing documents provide otherwise, the Foundation Council renders management accounts to beneficiaries and any supervisory body; if those documents are silent on cadence, the accounting is annual.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 20, printed page 8 / PDF page 8", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Articulo 20. Salvo que se disponga otra cosa en el acta fundacic-\n| nal o en sus reglamentos, e1 Consejo de Fundacién deberd rendir :\n. | cuentas de su gesti6n a los beneficiarios y, en su caso, al Srgano\n: , i de fiscalizacién. Si el acta fundacional o en sus reglamentos nada\nestablecieren sobre el particular, la rendicién de cuentas debera :\n* | : hacerse anualmente.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation assets form a separate patrimony and receive the stated anti-seizure protection, subject to Article 11’s exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 11", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Articulo 11. Para todos los efectos legales, los bienes de la .\nfo bea as fundacién constituiran un patrimonio separado de los bienes :\n: Ae. a personales del fundador. Por tanto, no podrdn ser secuestrados, poe |\noe “ a ambargados ni objeto de accién o medida cautelar, excepto por 7 |\nae pls a obligaciones incurridas, o por dafios causadogs con ocasién de la\na n . a ejecucién de los fines u objetivos de la fundacién, o por derechos : |\na o a legitimos de sus beneficiarios. En ningtn caso responderdn por ; |\nfa ‘ a obligaciones personales del fundador o de los beneficiarios.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "A private interest foundation may take effect at creation or after the founder’s death through the methods listed in Article 4.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 4, printed page 2 / PDF page 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Articulo 4. Las Sundaciones de interés privado podran constituirse z |\n\n‘i | para que surtan sus efectos, desde el momento de su creacidn o ;\n\n: | i después de la muerte de su fundador, por cualquiera de los si guien\n\nq\n“ i\nat tes métodos: - — |\n1. Mediante documento privado suscrito por el fundador, cuya .\n| firma deberd estar autenticada por notario piblico del lugar\nde su constitucién. 5\n2. Directamente ante notario publico del lugar de su cons titu-\n| : cidn. ;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Founder or third-party creditors may challenge fraudulent contributions or transfers; the right prescribes three years from the contribution or transfer.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 15", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Articulo 15, Tendrdn derecho a impugnar los aportes o las\niF ogee RED, transferencias de bienes en favor de una fundacién, los acreedores\n|| ee ee dei fundador, o de un tercero, cuando la transferencia constituya Mo\na \"sa ee acto en fraude de acreedores. Los derechos y acciones de dichos ~\nA hil. wapigeapst acreedores prescribiran a los tres (3) afios, contados a partir del\n1 ca age aporte o la transferencia de los bienes a la fundacion.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The foundation charter states how beneficiaries are designated, and the founder may be included among them.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 5(7), printed page 3 / PDF page 3", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "7. La forma de designar a los beneficiarios de la fundacidn, ‘\na entre los cuales puede incluirse al fundador.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Depending on U.S. classification and facts, reporting can include Forms 3520/3520-A or Form 5471, Form 8938, and FBAR.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, filing predicate", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#Panama.Private interest foundation.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Article 27 exempts the specified foundation acts and income only when a listed condition applies, including property abroad, qualifying deposits, or qualifying securities.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ley 25, Art. 27, printed page 11 / PDF page 11", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Articulo 27. Estardn exentos de todo impuesto, contribucién, tasa,\n\n, o | gravamen o tributo de cualquier clase o denominacién, los actos de\n\ni. constitucién, modificacién o extincién de la fundacién, asi como :\n\nee los actog de transferencia, transmisién o gravamen de los bienes de ; : :\n\n: Uo Ba fundactén ¥ la renta proveniente de dichos bienes o cualgiier ‘\n' Ae\"! OCFO acto sobre ellos, siempre que tales bienés constituyan: | - ; |\ncps * a Blenes' situados en e} extranjero. SO ‘\nhola em Be ‘Dinero depositado por pergorias naturales o jurfidicas cuya ad se .\n\n2 an _ Fenta no sea de fuente panamefia o no sea gravable en ; 4\n| a Panama por cualquier causa. ; ;\nne \"3. -Ae€ciones ‘co ‘valores de cualquier clase, émitidos por ~ (°° /\n\nao us sociedades cuya renta no sea de fuente panamefia, o cuando t\n\na ee Pw te | $U“renta no’ sea gravable por cualquier causa, aun cuando ; :\nee talés actiones 6 valéres-ééetén depositados en la Re ib] i - ‘ i\n\nf oe Pp\n\" ae ca de Panam. :", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c55e26eb552beb78f04e8bbba4cecdf01f1ecaa9411494fc4fc87a80b2e3d356", "source_url": "http://gacetas.procuraduria-admon.gob.pa/22804_1995.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The cited Act states that the International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from 30 June 2021. Annual obligations for a St Lucia trust remain unconfirmed.", "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 was repealed from 30 June 2021.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 was repealed from 30 June 2021.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 was repealed from 30 June 2021.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 was repealed from 30 June 2021.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, foreign-trust transaction bullet", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certain transactions with foreign trusts.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a4608a92550b83de791b4efae52b7dda11e832446063398311261faaae3074c", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#St Lucia.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-20", "claim_type": null, "display": "The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 was repealed from 30 June 2021.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "International Trust (Repeal) Act, 2018, s. 2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "2. The International Trust Act, Cap. 12.19 is repealed from the\n30th day of June, 2021.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "07a2dd0bf31800652ca0ee4e3f5d0f94ad3f6ce5f1fac669a71aec0f93fe4693", "source_url": "https://npc.govt.lc/laws/download/UjVlcXRvZTd3RG93ODVaQ0tsbWNwVVowZ1hGL3d3VjR4bUVUSHdkQlp6b1lzQ2h1d01nOTRuVnNWM1N0SEcrQTd0SGpHbzljY0xRZGh1UjEzakRDQ0pQWldlbjl4NkJsbW05MXZTczcwZFJ3cnVrVkVEVlNrV1FGekRvWUNSa04=", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "ADGM foundations must preserve accounting records for ten years, subject to other applicable ADGM law, and may be required by the Registrar to deliver records, accounts, returns, or an audit.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Regulations 2017, section 21", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Accounting Records that a Foundation is required by subsection 20(1) to keep must be\n preserved by it for ten years from the date on which they are made.\n\n(2) Subsection (1) is subject to any provision contained in other regulation or law applicable in the\n Abu Dhabi Global Market.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6d575db0091412dc31f896709e1cfd320e0bd2a80718ace2b262ea95701b64a", "source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "ADGM creditor relief under section 33 turns on court-determined insolvency or intent to defraud, with the creditor bearing the burden for set-aside claims.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Regulations 2017, section 33", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Subject to subsection (2), a Foundation or a transfer of property to a Foundation shall not be\n void, voidable or liable to be set aside by reason of a Founder or Subsequent Transferor’s\n bankruptcy, the liquidation of a Founder or Subsequent Transferor’s property or any action or\n claims made against a Founder or Subsequent Transferor by any creditor, notwithstanding any\n foreign statute providing otherwise.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6d575db0091412dc31f896709e1cfd320e0bd2a80718ace2b262ea95701b64a", "source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Registration requires the Charter, Board-specified registration fee, compliance declaration, required licence application, Confidential Disclosure, and a Registrar-issued certificate.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Regulations 2017, section 1(1)(a)-(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) A Foundation is established and registered under these Regulations when:\n\n (a) the Registrar receives each of the following (together, the “Registration Application”):\n\n i. a written Charter signed by one or more of the Founders;\n\n ii. the registration fee specified in rules made by the Board;\n\n iii. a declaration of compliance signed by the applicant affirming that all\n requirements of these Regulations relating to registration have been fulfilled;\n\n iv. an application for any license(s) required by the Commercial Licensing\n Regulations 2025; and\n\n v. information comprising Confidential Disclosure; and\n\n (b) the Registrar issues a certificate of registration.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6d575db0091412dc31f896709e1cfd320e0bd2a80718ace2b262ea95701b64a", "source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The ADGM foundation provision identifies insolvency or intent-to-defraud grounds and creditor burden; no express look-back period is stated in section 33.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Regulations 2017, section 33", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "33. Bankruptcy of a Founder or Subsequent Transferor\n\n(1) Subject to subsection (2), a Foundation or a transfer of property to a Foundation shall not be\n void, voidable or liable to be set aside by reason of a Founder or Subsequent Transferor’s\n bankruptcy, the liquidation of a Founder or Subsequent Transferor’s property or any action or\n claims made against a Founder or Subsequent Transferor by any creditor, notwithstanding any\n foreign statute providing otherwise.\n\n(2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), where the Court determines that, at the time when the property\n was transferred to the Foundation, the Founder or Subsequent Transferor, as applicable, was\n insolvent or intended to defraud any creditor of the Founder or Subsequent Transferor, as\n\n\n\n\n 30\n\f applicable, it may declare that the transfer of property was void to the extent of the creditor’s\n claim.\n\n(3) In making claims to set aside transfers of property to a Foundation under subsection (2), the\n burden of proof shall rest with the creditor.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6d575db0091412dc31f896709e1cfd320e0bd2a80718ace2b262ea95701b64a", "source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Foundations Register records core foundation and councillor data; beneficiary, guardian, and legal-person-founder beneficial-owner information is held as Confidential Disclosure.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Regulations 2017, sections 7(11)-(13), 47 definition of Confidential Disclosure", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Confidential Disclosure” means the following information, whether or not this information is\nalso included in the Charter:\n\n(a) the name and address of each of the Councillors;\n\n(b) the names and addresses of any Beneficiaries;\n\n(c) the names and addresses of the Guardian (if any); and\n\n(d) the name and address of each beneficial owner of each Founder which is a Legal\n Person (if any),\n\nto be held confidentially by the Registrar, subject to any requirement to disclose such\ninformation to public authorities as set out in subsection 3(10), or in any other applicable law\nor regulations.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a6d575db0091412dc31f896709e1cfd320e0bd2a80718ace2b262ea95701b64a", "source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, reporting bullets", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "02521280b384077b2a013b39a15122d5f99e9e98fa592810fa7dec864e18fd00", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - ADGM.Foundation.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "FTA Corporate Tax Guide CTGFF1, section 3.1", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where the entity has a separate legal personality (i.e. distinct from its beneficiaries), it\nwill be a juridical person and so it would, in the first instance, be subject to Corporate\nTax in its own right (see Section 4). However, an application to be treated as fiscally\ntransparent may be made to the FTA where the relevant conditions are met (see\nSection 5).3", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "25bb1316b166b66d991ad0021c2c0417ee0815232299ae33166028f15ff43535", "source_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "DIFC foundations have accounting-record and account-approval obligations; approved accounts are filed or provided within 30 days depending on Registered Agent status.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Law 2018, Article 33", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "33. Accounts and Accounting Records\n\n (1) Unless inconsistent with this Article 33, Articles 122 to 124 of the Companies Law shall apply to a\n Foundation, as if it were a Company and any reference to “Director(s)” or “Officer(s)” in relevant\n Articles in the Companies Law shall be interpreted to refer to member(s) of the Council. A\n Foundation which fails to keep and maintain accounts or make them available as required under this\n Law is liable to a fine, as set out in Schedule 3.\n\n (2) A Foundation’s accounts shall be approved by the Council and signed on their behalf by at least two\n members of the Council. A Foundation which fails to comply with this requirement is liable to a\n fine, as set out in Schedule 3.\n\n (3) A Foundation shall within thirty (30) days after the accounts have been approved by the Council:\n\n (a) if it has not appointed a Registered Agent, file a copy of its annual accounts with the\n Registrar; or\n\n (b) if it has appointed a Registered Agent, provide a copy of its annual accounts to its\n Registered Agent.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a5ee18a6825f4143cbfbc31c4e5d900b9019269ee7d0cb8fc1fe9fcfbadd7a23", "source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Article 14 limits creditor recovery to transferred property or proceeds when fraud and transfer-caused insolvency or lack of property to satisfy the claim are found.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Law 2018, Article 14(2)-(4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Subject to Article 14(3), a transfer of property to a Foundation shall not be void, voidable or liable\n to be set aside by reason of a Founder or a Contributor’s bankruptcy, the liquidation of a Founder\n or Contributor, or any action or claims made against a Founder or Contributor by any creditor,\n notwithstanding any foreign statute providing otherwise.\n 5\n\f FOUNDATIONS LAW\n\n\n (3) Notwithstanding Article 14(2), where the Court determines that:\n\n (a) at the time when the property was transferred to the Foundation, the Founder or\n Contributor, as applicable, intended to defraud a creditor; and\n\n (b) at the time such transfer took place the transfer of the property rendered the Founder or\n Contributor, as applicable, insolvent or without property from which if that creditor’s claim\n had been successful, it could have been satisfied,\n\n then such transfer shall not be void or voidable or liable to be set aside and the Foundation shall be\n liable to satisfy the creditor’s claim and the Foundation’s liability shall only be to the extent of the\n interest the Founder or Contributor, as applicable, had in the property prior to the transfer and of\n any accumulation to the property transferred (if any) subsequent thereto.\n\n (4) Where a Foundation is liable to satisfy a creditor’s claim in the manner provided for in Article 14(3),\n that creditor’s rights to recovery shall be limited to the property referred to in that Article, or to the\n proceeds of that property, to the exclusion of any claim, right or action against the Foundation or\n any other property of the Foundation.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a5ee18a6825f4143cbfbc31c4e5d900b9019269ee7d0cb8fc1fe9fcfbadd7a23", "source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Article 17(1) establishes the signed filing with the Registrar. The licensed-agent requirement, government fee amounts and basis, and processing time remain unconfirmed.", "pinpoint": "Foundations Law 2018, Article 17(1)-(6)", "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "(1) The Founder(s) may apply for the establishment of a Foundation by signing and filing with the\n Registrar an application for its establishment in the manner prescribed by the Registrar.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a5ee18a6825f4143cbfbc31c4e5d900b9019269ee7d0cb8fc1fe9fcfbadd7a23", "source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Article 53A(2) gives a three-year window from disposition for a claimant who meets both the prior-interest and legal-or-equitable-interest conditions.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Law 2018, Article 53A(2)(a)-(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(2) No action or proceeding whether pursuant to this Law or at common law or in equity shall be\n commenced by any person:\n\n (a) claiming to have had an interest in property before that property was settled upon or\n disposed to a Foundation; and\n\n (b) seeking to derive a legal or equitable interest in that property,\n\n unless such action or proceeding is commenced in the Court before the expiration of three (3) years\n from the date that the property referred to in paragraphs (a) and (b) was disposed to a Foundation.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a5ee18a6825f4143cbfbc31c4e5d900b9019269ee7d0cb8fc1fe9fcfbadd7a23", "source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "The DIFC Register is publicly inspectable; natural-person nationality and address may be retained by the Registrar but excluded from the Register.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Foundations Law 2018, Article 35(1)-(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The Registrar must keep a Register for the purposes of this Law.\n\n (2) The Register must include the information contained in Articles 17(2)(a) to (e), inclusive of the\n details of any changes filed with the Registrar (other than the nationality and address of any natural\n person, which information may be retained by the Registrar but shall not be included in the Register).\n\n\n 19\n\f FOUNDATIONS LAW\n\n (3) The Registrar must, on payment of any prescribed fee, make the Register available for public\n inspection at any reasonable time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a5ee18a6825f4143cbfbc31c4e5d900b9019269ee7d0cb8fc1fe9fcfbadd7a23", "source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, operative filing sentence and reportable categories", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.\n- Receipt of certain large gifts or bequests from certain foreign persons.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "02521280b384077b2a013b39a15122d5f99e9e98fa592810fa7dec864e18fd00", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - DIFC.Foundation.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "FTA Corporate Tax Guide CTGFF1, section 3.1", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where the entity has a separate legal personality (i.e. distinct from its beneficiaries), it\nwill be a juridical person and so it would, in the first instance, be subject to Corporate\nTax in its own right (see Section 4). However, an application to be treated as fiscally\ntransparent may be made to the FTA where the relevant conditions are met (see\nSection 5).3", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "25bb1316b166b66d991ad0021c2c0417ee0815232299ae33166028f15ff43535", "source_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.annual_obligations": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation obligations include annual return, fee, accounts, and five-year accounting-record preservation; company obligations include annual return within 30 days, annual fee, and five-year records retention.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RAK ICC Foundations Regulations 2019, regulation 38(1)-(5)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) Foundation must file an annual return with the Registrar.\n\n(2) The annual return must be filed in the form and manner prescribed by the Registrar and must\n contain the information required by the Registrar.\n\n(3) The annual return must be made up to the Foundation’s return date, which shall be each\n anniversary of the date it received its Certificate of Registration, or such other date the Registrar\n considers appropriate.\n\n(4) A Foundation which fails to file an annual return by the date specified in Regulation 30(3) is liable\n to a fine, not exceeding level 3.\n\n(5) A Foundation must pay the prescribed annual return fees to the Registrar in accordance with the\n Fees as prescribed by the Registrar.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "67b9508499eafd2ed39ea835b6379b5f867c8a3be32c1e1c460a96ab28172330", "source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.creditor_remedy": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation creditor recovery is limited under Regulation 7 when fraud and insolvency conditions are met; company creditor claims may proceed through judgment or execution after striking-off under Regulation 244(3).", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RAK ICC Foundations Regulations 2019, regulation 7(3)-(4)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) Notwithstanding Regulation 7(2), where the Court determines that\n\n (a) at the time when the property was transferred to the Foundation, the Founder or\n Contributor, as applicable, intended to defraud a creditor; and\n\n (b) at the time such transfer took place the transfer of the property rendered the Founder or\n Contributor, as applicable, insolvent or without property from which if that creditor’s\n claim had been successful, it could have been satisfied,\n\n then such transfer shall not be void or voidable and the Foundation shall be liable to satisfy the\n creditor’s claim and the Foundation’s liability shall only be to the extent of the interest the\n Founder or Contributor, as applicable, had in the property prior to the transfer and of any\n accumulation to the property transferred (if any) subsequent thereto.\n\n(4) Where a Foundation is liable to satisfy a creditor’s claim in the manner provided for in\n Regulation 7(3), that creditor’s rights to recovery shall be limited to the property referred to in\n that Regulation, or to the proceeds of that property, to the exclusion of any claim, right or action\n against the Foundation or any other property of the Foundation.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "67b9508499eafd2ed39ea835b6379b5f867c8a3be32c1e1c460a96ab28172330", "source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.formation": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation formation uses a founder-signed Registrar application; company formation uses proposed-registered-agent filing of memorandum, articles, agent consent, member/director particulars, and Registrar certificate issuance.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RAK ICC Foundations Regulations 2019, regulation 9(1)-(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) The application for the establishment of a Foundation shall be completed in the manner\n prescribed by the Registrar, signed by the Founder(s) and submitted to the Registrar.\n\n(2) The application filed with the Registrar under Regulation 9(1) signed by each Founder shall\n include:\n\n (a) the name of the proposed Foundation;\n\n (b) the full name, nationality and address of each Founder;\n\n (c) the full name, nationality and address of each of the proposed members of the Council of\n the proposed Foundation;\n\n (d) the full name, nationality and address of each of the proposed Guardian or Guardians (if\n any) of the proposed Foundation\n\n (e) the name and business address of the proposed Registered Agent with RAK ICC;\n\n (f) the address of the proposed Foundation’s registered office;\n\n (g) the Charter of the proposed Foundation;\n\n (h) the By-laws of the proposed Foundation; and\n\n (i) such other particulars as the Registrar may require.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "67b9508499eafd2ed39ea835b6379b5f867c8a3be32c1e1c460a96ab28172330", "source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.fraudulent_transfer_window": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation limitation period is three years under Regulation 68A; no company-side trust/foundation look-back analogue was located in the fetched business-company regulations.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RAK ICC Foundations Regulations 2019, regulation 68A(1)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) No action or proceeding whether pursuant to these Regulations or at common law or in equity:\n\n (a) to set aside the establishment of a Foundation;\n\n (b) to set aside any disposition to any Foundation; or\n\n (c) for any order under this Part,\n\n shall be commenced, unless such action or proceeding is commenced in the Court before the\n expiration of three (3) years from:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "67b9508499eafd2ed39ea835b6379b5f867c8a3be32c1e1c460a96ab28172330", "source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.ownership_disclosure": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "Foundation register data covers core registration, registered agent, and council members; company member registers are Registrar-held and generally not public under the cited regulations.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RAK ICC Foundations Regulations 2019, regulation 37", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(1) The Registrar shall maintain a Foundations Register established under these Regulations which\n will contain the following information in respect of each Foundation\n\n (a) Name, registration number and the date of registration under these Regulations;\n\n (b) name and address of its Registered Agent;\n\n (c) name and address of each Council member; and\n\n(2) The Foundations Register shall be in such form as the Registrar may determine but shall be\n separate and apart from the register established and maintained pursuant to the RAK ICC Business\n Companies Regulations 2018.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "67b9508499eafd2ed39ea835b6379b5f867c8a3be32c1e1c460a96ab28172330", "source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.us_person_reporting_hooks": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "IRS About Form 3520, operative filing sentence and reportable categories", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "U.S. persons (and executors of estates of U.S. decedents) file Form 3520 to report:\n\n- Certain transactions with foreign trusts.\n- Ownership of foreign trusts under the rules of sections Internal Revenue Code 671 through 679.\n- Receipt of certain large gifts or bequests from certain foreign persons.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "02521280b384077b2a013b39a15122d5f99e9e98fa592810fa7dec864e18fd00", "source_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "table": "international" }, "international:jurisdiction_vehicle_field#UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.vehicle_tax_treatment": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-22", "claim_type": null, "display": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "FTA Corporate Tax Guide CTGFF1, section 3.1", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Where the entity has a separate legal personality (i.e. distinct from its beneficiaries), it\nwill be a juridical person and so it would, in the first instance, be subject to Corporate\nTax in its own right (see Section 4). However, an application to be treated as fiscally\ntransparent may be made to the FTA where the relevant conditions are met (see\nSection 5).3", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "25bb1316b166b66d991ad0021c2c0417ee0815232299ae33166028f15ff43535", "source_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "table": "international" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "7ca8c34a-9fe3-5cdf-846a-fea8cb44150e", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4568a0bbb8ca7335ab04dd41291a9aaaed78ad5ece02eb244dca93eca146e67e", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-40.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "629e3b16-dd74-5c92-8cb3-a211dd2c8c33", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "83cec8fab79a503771ed3be0ac4b43042136bf10d4d7d3d4cb5f6c3105c84f96", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Alaska land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule found; Title 40 provides general public access to recorded documents and indices.", "fetch_event_id": "17835a83-6d31-5120-8c6a-0c6e02b3ca0b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The recorder shall provide reasonable public access during business hours to recorded documents, indices, and facilities provided for in this section.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4568a0bbb8ca7335ab04dd41291a9aaaed78ad5ece02eb244dca93eca146e67e", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-40.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "fd220956-7b3a-5573-a3eb-8be713bafee4", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fe0c28cfd2349ac70f92dd664283c9cdbfd2187aaa2c1f06552d8b7bb0e4e172", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-29.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Alaska private land-trust type was found in the sources reviewed; Title 34 contains general trust-conveyance and common-interest-community references.", "fetch_event_id": "49afbdf9-ffd5-537d-8327-585435f46f1d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A person, including a trustee, may convey real property to a trust whether or not a trustee of the trust is named as a grantee in the instrument of conveyance.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "83cec8fab79a503771ed3be0ac4b43042136bf10d4d7d3d4cb5f6c3105c84f96", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Alaska land-trust-specific rule on the trustee's title on the deed was found in the sources reviewed; AS 34.25.055 is general trust-conveyance law.", "fetch_event_id": "49afbdf9-ffd5-537d-8327-585435f46f1d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trustee of a trust may convey real property from a trust whether or not a trustee of the trust is named as a grantor in the instrument of conveyance.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "83cec8fab79a503771ed3be0ac4b43042136bf10d4d7d3d4cb5f6c3105c84f96", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No separate duration or expiration provision for the AS 15.07.195(b) written election was found in the reviewed text.", "fetch_event_id": "8ce30eac-f51c-581a-863e-b5f3d382161e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "a voter may elect in writing to keep the voter's residential address confidential and not open to public inspection if the voter provides a separate mailing address.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f43c2da6eabb3a707f6e61c66a20806505131c5bc242490b163d96a4a3d3d547", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State voter registration records.", "fetch_event_id": "8ce30eac-f51c-581a-863e-b5f3d382161e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The following information set out in state voter registration records is confidential and is not open to public inspection:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f43c2da6eabb3a707f6e61c66a20806505131c5bc242490b163d96a4a3d3d547", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AK.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No separate republication-removal duty was found; 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"quote": "recorded instruments that are maintained by the county recorder, including any data that may be used directly or indirectly to identify that person", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "54ea652fda648f8856e440afd4a9da6b2f7201a9147b52a1c8f909f2bf1ec545", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/11/00483.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#AZ.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "On request from a program participant who presents a current and valid authorization card, an Arizona state or local government entity must redact the actual address from a public record created within 90 days before the participant applied, or change it to the substitute address.", "fetch_event_id": "25190b32-2ae2-5985-9aa5-de40e602c46b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": 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"typed_unknown", "quote": "Many counties have a website that contains much, if not all of the information in their public databases, as well as parcel maps and sales lists.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae82156a17f3651b89458a4661baa1a290fafe46e3ef2bfc38bfa2f65e85e9bd", "source_url": "https://arl.colorado.gov/volume-2-administration-all-chapters", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 38-30-172(2)(d): a statement of authority need only state the entity's name, type/formation jurisdiction, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position — it does not require disclosure of the trust's settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "35474122-7734-5b91-a3e6-a3382dad679a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"Statement of authority\" means an instrument executed on behalf of the entity that contains:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "de1a87d2cce793adddb7e93423d75f0da2a76d1279a8ef5fd5b1234ce9c2a52e", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "A recorded statement of authority shows the trust's name, entity description, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position; it does not show the settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "35474122-7734-5b91-a3e6-a3382dad679a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"Recorded\" means recorded with the county clerk and recorder of the county in which the real property is situated.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "de1a87d2cce793adddb7e93423d75f0da2a76d1279a8ef5fd5b1234ce9c2a52e", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "2d46b7ba-6f27-5227-80ab-0c39b9628586", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The assessment roll database is the primary real property ownership file.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ae82156a17f3651b89458a4661baa1a290fafe46e3ef2bfc38bfa2f65e85e9bd", "source_url": "https://arl.colorado.gov/volume-2-administration-all-chapters", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Colorado real-property trust-recording mechanism under C.R.S. § 38-30-108.5: a trust may deal with real or personal property in the trust's own name, evidenced for real property by a recordable trustee statement of authority.", "fetch_event_id": "35474122-7734-5b91-a3e6-a3382dad679a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trust may acquire, convey, encumber, lease, or otherwise deal with any interest in real or personal property in the name of the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "de1a87d2cce793adddb7e93423d75f0da2a76d1279a8ef5fd5b1234ce9c2a52e", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 38-30-108.5(2): to evidence a trustee's authority over real property held in the trust's name, any trustee may execute and record a statement of authority with the county clerk and recorder of the county where the real property is located.", "fetch_event_id": "35474122-7734-5b91-a3e6-a3382dad679a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "any trustee of the trust may execute and record with the county clerk and recorder of the county in which the real property is located, a statement of authority", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "de1a87d2cce793adddb7e93423d75f0da2a76d1279a8ef5fd5b1234ce9c2a52e", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or canceled earlier; renewal may be filed before expiration.", "fetch_event_id": "7dd43dc9-a4bd-5b50-9a95-1b742a1e7606", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants and individuals identified in paragraph (j) of subsection (3) of this section shall\nbe certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or\ncanceled prior to the end of the four-year period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "80967fe92a690c8b657c84f9703d8ebfba9193455c9dd97321a091faa3409c8d", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local government public records must use the substitute address when a participant presents a valid authorization card, with special real-property and tax exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "7dd43dc9-a4bd-5b50-9a95-1b742a1e7606", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "when a program participant submits a current and valid address confidentiality\nprogram authorization card to the agency, the agency shall accept the substitute address designation\nby the executive director or his or her designee on the card as the participant's address to be used\nas the participant's residential, work, or school address when creating a new public record.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "80967fe92a690c8b657c84f9703d8ebfba9193455c9dd97321a091faa3409c8d", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CO.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "On request from a program participant who presents a current and valid authorization card, a Colorado state or local government agency must redact the actual address from a public record created within 90 days before the participant applied, or change it to the substitute address.", "fetch_event_id": "7dd43dc9-a4bd-5b50-9a95-1b742a1e7606", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "For any public record created within ninety days prior to the date that a program participant applied to be certified in the program, a state or local government agency shall redact the actual address from a public record or change the actual address to the substitute address in the public record, if a program participant who presents a current and valid program authorization card requests the agency that maintains the public record to use the substitute address instead of the actual address on the public record.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "80967fe92a690c8b657c84f9703d8ebfba9193455c9dd97321a091faa3409c8d", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "4091c870-a3d0-51b2-bafd-9c37e3a3cb9f", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Nothing in this subsection shall be construed to permit the assessor to post a plan or drawing of a dwelling unit of a residential property", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9a87fc18301561540188cf44d4f27e22eb61b589afb71cbe27e46326324184b1", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_203.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "983fa0d0-6474-55b7-94a5-459d27dd05fb", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Upon request of a beneficiary, shall promptly furnish to the beneficiary a copy of the relevant portions of the trust instrument", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b3462f3d812bcaa83989d7999ebd9eb26d7694e25de016f3322e846cf0b3599a", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_802c.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Connecticut's town clerk indexes an instrument that involves a trust under the trust's name and also under the names of all trustees named in the instrument.", "fetch_event_id": "511ea8b1-1210-5430-9af4-585cbdddb809", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(c) Any instrument whose grantor, grantee, releasor, releasee, assignor, assignee, transferor or transferee is a trust shall be indexed by the town clerk in the name of the trust identified in such instrument and also in the name or names of all trustees identified in such instrument.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0b662f696a752a58cae9ff62ab7dd28011a460e169c24c0e8208c953c62c0835", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821b.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Connecticut assessors list real estate under the person in whose name the title stands on the land records (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-64(a)).", "fetch_event_id": "8b213057-a391-5d96-9f34-0fe71b771f6a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any interest in real estate shall be set by the assessors in the list of the person in whose name the title to such interest stands on the land records.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9a87fc18301561540188cf44d4f27e22eb61b589afb71cbe27e46326324184b1", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_203.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "09e168b8-5e01-59ca-8506-207546f4cdda", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Nonprofit land-holding organization", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b40db82573950fccc7df59c28e46ef880af6387ad2d6e43a59ce318d8cc694de", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "In Connecticut a deed can convey real property to a trust itself instead of to its trustees, and the transfer is still valid and enforceable.", "fetch_event_id": "511ea8b1-1210-5430-9af4-585cbdddb809", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any transfer of an interest in real property to a trust, rather than to the trustee or trustees of the trust, shall constitute a valid and enforceable transfer of such interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0b662f696a752a58cae9ff62ab7dd28011a460e169c24c0e8208c953c62c0835", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821b.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Connecticut Address Confidentiality Program certification expires four years after the certification card is issued.", "fetch_event_id": "2fde61df-fa90-54a6-b4cd-4718331e9bee", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Such certification expiration date shall be four years from the date of issuance of the certification card.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c00ae007d4c820bacf334f1c707ed503a8107bd1a8c5d490b7cc82503f76dbfa", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_968a.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Connecticut's Freedom of Information Act does not require a public agency to disclose the residential, work or school address of a participant in the Address Confidentiality Program.", "fetch_event_id": "e8af5eed-162b-552a-8648-ad5dbfee00a6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The residential, work or school address of any participant in the address confidentiality program", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ee2c43e8685f9898d833138015fe11e0f89232d68a952e4be00039cd0db061e", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_014.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#CT.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "2fde61df-fa90-54a6-b4cd-4718331e9bee", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The Secretary of the State may not make any records in a program participant's file, other than the program address, available for inspection or copying", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c00ae007d4c820bacf334f1c707ed503a8107bd1a8c5d490b7cc82503f76dbfa", "source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_968a.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No District of Columbia rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.", "fetch_event_id": "119cda41-4b30-587b-8575-4fd707877ae9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "876a416e9292249ae147b9ded22d5cd820d1c4eb5fd11c8c7e7d73d92a5faee5", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No DC land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Title 29 certificate-of-trust content rule (trust name, principal-office address, registered agent) is the generic statutory-trust formation filing, not a real-property disclosure trigger.", "fetch_event_id": "2482813c-cbb7-596e-8fdc-b6ca406bf5f3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certificate of trust shall state:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9e85c325f72ccd03ff531cfddaeeb36b482886b44605ad807c14cf81818dec20", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No District of Columbia land-trust rule on what the recorder's record shows was found; D.C. Code § 42-1501 (Statute of Uses) is general trust and conveyancing law, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule.", "fetch_event_id": "e3cf851f-6a63-5068-80e7-2ffefd1fdd0e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "where an express trust is created, but is not contained or declared in the conveyance to the trustee, such conveyance shall be deemed absolute in favor of purchasers from the trustee for value and without notice of the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c9abfb371f1e55eb67817d155794133c3eb631457d36d605ca4b23d9319ae0d9", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/42/chapters/15/index.full.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No District of Columbia rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.", "fetch_event_id": "119cda41-4b30-587b-8575-4fd707877ae9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "876a416e9292249ae147b9ded22d5cd820d1c4eb5fd11c8c7e7d73d92a5faee5", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No DC land-trust type found; the Title 29 statutory trust is a generic business-trust entity form created by Mayor-filed certificate, not a real-property title-holding trust type.", "fetch_event_id": "2482813c-cbb7-596e-8fdc-b6ca406bf5f3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "To form a statutory trust, a person shall deliver a certificate of trust to the Mayor for filing.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9e85c325f72ccd03ff531cfddaeeb36b482886b44605ad807c14cf81818dec20", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No DC land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Title 29 ‘hold or take title to property’ power is the entity's generic property-holding clause, with no real-property/real-estate/deed text anywhere in the chapter.", "fetch_event_id": "2482813c-cbb7-596e-8fdc-b6ca406bf5f3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A statutory trust may hold or take title to property in its own name or in the name of a trustee in the trustee’s capacity as trustee, whether in an active, passive, or custodial capacity.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9e85c325f72ccd03ff531cfddaeeb36b482886b44605ad807c14cf81818dec20", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification remains valid for three years unless canceled earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "dc8e8e51-ef95-5bb5-a85c-aee982f121cd", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certification shall remain valid for 3 years following the date of certification unless the certification is cancelled by OVSJG or the participant or the participant's representative before the end of the 3-year period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "364a1cf6b6000cd305574de114c02c6615519e728f8000242f86d590001cf8e9", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.03", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "For ACP participants, OTR must not index participant names in online assessment/tax and recorded-document databases.", "fetch_event_id": "119cda41-4b30-587b-8575-4fd707877ae9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Office of Tax and Revenue shall not index by a participant's name in any online database of the agency relating to: (A) Assessment and tax information; and (B) All recorded documents;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "876a416e9292249ae147b9ded22d5cd820d1c4eb5fd11c8c7e7d73d92a5faee5", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DC.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "On request, a District agency must remove publicly accessible references to the ACP participant’s actual address within 10 business days, subject to statutory exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "119cda41-4b30-587b-8575-4fd707877ae9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "remove publicly accessible references to the participant's actual address, including any references on the District agency's website, within 10 business days of receiving the request.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "876a416e9292249ae147b9ded22d5cd820d1c4eb5fd11c8c7e7d73d92a5faee5", "source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Delaware has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Act's beneficial-owner/beneficial-interest definitions and certificate-of-trust filing govern the generic statutory-trust entity, not a real-property disclosure trigger.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Beneficial owner” means any owner of a beneficial interest in a statutory trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the statewide Act does not address real-property recording or deed-index treatment for statutory-trust property.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "for the purpose of holding or otherwise taking title to property, whether in an active or custodial capacity", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Delaware has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware land-trust type found; the statutory trust is a generic business-trust entity form organized for any lawful business or activity, expressly including REIT/REMIC qualification, not a real-property title-holding trust type.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "a trust qualifying as a real estate investment trust under § 856 et seq. of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Delaware land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Act's title-holding language is the entity's generic ‘holding or otherwise taking title to property’ purpose clause, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule.", "fetch_event_id": "65da517c-ffdf-5ea3-b13b-112325fb5b13", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "for the purpose of holding or otherwise taking title to property, whether in an active or custodial capacity", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5488354143b3c1a5455a67c4eab56a704830fecd037259c6ce1b377924f01d84", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification is valid for 3 years unless withdrawn, canceled, or otherwise terminated; voter address confidentiality lasts as ordered by the court.", "fetch_event_id": "29345116-c3fb-502b-8419-fafca50c7757", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certification shall be valid for a period of 3 years following the date of certification unless the certification is withdrawn or canceled before the expiration of that period, or a person’s participation in the program is otherwise terminated.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ab9d6b9d327f1ed5bf448d5474bd341a6882d5a4c8b9778cefcc89052f1a44e3", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP records are confidential; government agencies must accept substitute addresses, and voter application/registration/transfer addresses can be removed from public inspection.", "fetch_event_id": "29345116-c3fb-502b-8419-fafca50c7757", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Federal, state and local government agencies shall accept the substitute address designated on a valid program participation card issued to the program participant by the Program as the program participant’s address except when any of the following apply:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ab9d6b9d327f1ed5bf448d5474bd341a6882d5a4c8b9778cefcc89052f1a44e3", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#DE.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Internet posting/display of a program participant actual address or telephone number is restricted after a qualifying written demand; demand is effective for 3 years.", "fetch_event_id": "29345116-c3fb-502b-8419-fafca50c7757", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No person shall post or display publicly on the Internet the actual address or telephone number of a program participant if that program participant, a parent or guardian of that program participant if the program participant is a minor, or a person holding power of attorney for the program participant if the program participant is an incapacitated adult individual, has made a written demand of that person not to disclose the program participant’s actual address or telephone number.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ab9d6b9d327f1ed5bf448d5474bd341a6882d5a4c8b9778cefcc89052f1a44e3", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "County property appraiser prepares assessment rolls; roll includes owner/name-address fields and a confidentiality code under s. 119.071.", "fetch_event_id": "09cb1212-5642-50b8-bc43-d5ed0e161222", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Each property appraiser shall prepare the following assessment rolls:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21523846bfe235dde6d115fa14cf931f2f5b3d03974372a0eec4264629c458bf", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/193.114", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Recorded land-trust instrument need not name beneficiaries; parties dealing with trustee need not inquire into unrecorded trust terms.", "fetch_event_id": "dbf9decd-2772-54ce-8172-7cabdad618c1", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A land trust does not fail, and any use relating to the trust property may not be defeated, because beneficiaries are not specified by name in the recorded instrument to the trustee", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e8dfdc295da5bc80533f604c0d37cdec6ad826d98cea974232a1c34413cb3a96", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "County official records show conveyances/transfers/mortgages and recorded instruments; land-trust title instrument can show trustee title without beneficiary names.", "fetch_event_id": "70305ea1-8959-58f1-9235-4d53523adedb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No conveyance, transfer, or mortgage of real property, or of any interest therein, nor any lease for a term of 1 year or longer, shall be good and effectual in law or equity against creditors or subsequent purchasers", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "73fa6eafccd2bcc35c32a1017ef127b17803564666a4bc09309b6500014df8be", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/695.01", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Real property assessment roll includes the owner name and address.", "fetch_event_id": "09cb1212-5642-50b8-bc43-d5ed0e161222", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The name and address of the owner.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21523846bfe235dde6d115fa14cf931f2f5b3d03974372a0eec4264629c458bf", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/193.114", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Florida land trust is an express written arrangement in land with title vested in a trustee by recorded instrument.", "fetch_event_id": "dbf9decd-2772-54ce-8172-7cabdad618c1", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Land trust” means any express written agreement or arrangement by which a use, confidence, or trust is declared of any land", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e8dfdc295da5bc80533f604c0d37cdec6ad826d98cea974232a1c34413cb3a96", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Recorded instrument vests legal and equitable title in the land-trust trustee.", "fetch_event_id": "dbf9decd-2772-54ce-8172-7cabdad618c1", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "is effective to vest, and is hereby declared to have vested, in such trustee both legal and equitable title", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e8dfdc295da5bc80533f604c0d37cdec6ad826d98cea974232a1c34413cb3a96", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Official Records home-address exemption is maintained while the protected party resides at the dwelling location; ACP certification is four years unless withdrawn/invalidated.", "fetch_event_id": "541c097c-8fd8-5173-9d8a-e780f51bfa3b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon filing a properly completed application, the Attorney General shall certify the applicant as a program participant. Applicants shall be certified for 4 years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date. The Attorney General shall by rule establish a renewal procedure.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e7946fdb365c257a6200060340f0afd808a26e9f442f2499d5cc4ad24984e3c7", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/Chapter741/All", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Covered property-record systems include county property appraiser and tax collector public records, plus Official Records references tied to protected home addresses.", "fetch_event_id": "bcaf70b6-af09-5d46-97e8-0496aa779521", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A county property appraiser, as defined in s. 192.001 (3), or a county tax collector, as defined in s. 192.001 (4), who receives a written and notarized request for maintenance of the exemption", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0d88a8e72732935cfc9fb8f81fce18756d9bf333a4cd6e61012937e0ea1c6d6d", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/119.071", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#FL.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Upon conveyance or death, Florida provides request procedures for releasing previously removed Official Records information; no broader third-party internet republication duty was found in the cited sections.", "fetch_event_id": "bcaf70b6-af09-5d46-97e8-0496aa779521", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon conveyance of real property after October 1, 2021, and when such real property no longer constitutes a protected party’s home address as defined in sub-subparagraph 1.a., the protected party must submit a written request to release the removed information to the county recorder.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0d88a8e72732935cfc9fb8f81fce18756d9bf333a4cd6e61012937e0ea1c6d6d", "source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/119.071", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#GA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "efcf7460-9a65-5f18-b869-8b622bda0489", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "'Deed' means and includes any written agreement, declaration of trust, or other", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a410869a430bfa1491c4edbf1260bd9c1bac4311df381dc6d098e5584f1895e3", "source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#GA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Beneficial interests are represented by certificates issued as provided by the deed.", "fetch_event_id": "efcf7460-9a65-5f18-b869-8b622bda0489", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "thereafter, the trustee shall issue such certificates of beneficial interest as may be provided", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a410869a430bfa1491c4edbf1260bd9c1bac4311df381dc6d098e5584f1895e3", "source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#GA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The trust-estate deed is filed with the superior court clerk for the county of the trust principal office.", "fetch_event_id": "efcf7460-9a65-5f18-b869-8b622bda0489", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "superior court of the county in which the principal office of the trust is located.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a410869a430bfa1491c4edbf1260bd9c1bac4311df381dc6d098e5584f1895e3", "source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#GA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": null, 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"public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "ownership of such property may create by deed an estate therein and in the improvements", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a410869a430bfa1491c4edbf1260bd9c1bac4311df381dc6d098e5584f1895e3", "source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#GA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Legal title to trust-estate property vests and remains in the trustee during the estate.", "fetch_event_id": "efcf7460-9a65-5f18-b869-8b622bda0489", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "legal title to the property and all the property added thereto or substituted therefor shall vest", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": 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"claim_type": null, "display": "Certification remains valid for a period set by the program director and may be renewed by filing a renewal application before expiration.", "fetch_event_id": "e742ebc5-f8b5-5809-8658-4f78c0a6541e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "remain valid for a period of time set forth by the program director; provided that the certification may be canceled pursuant to section 801G-6.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8b06b09219de85032c4f9312d2383c72384e3b1db083fd94bcbf4c90c8b6d73e", "source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0003.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#HI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Agencies must accept the substitute address for new public records when a participant presents a valid authorization card, subject to listed exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "cbfc8e91-950c-5338-9e5a-4b13e23be37f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the agency shall accept the substitute address on the card as the program participant's actual address to be used when creating a new public record; provided that: (1) The agency shall adopt procedures to prevent any disclosure of the program participant's mailing address, actual address, and telephone numbers that may be on file with the agency; (2) Electio", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fce3e9ba771c025833c1cfd805dc28e88fef0172151e976ce7d7624ce996b1a3", "source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0009.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#HI.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "b2dc0a67-4da6-5d77-8a89-cad52ee7cb7b", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The agency shall adopt procedures to prevent any disclosure of the program participant's mailing address, actual address, and telephone numbers that may be on file with the agency", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b007f22b7f43da027fb6b451b93aac3e6d004c33e56f02efe71dbfeb1c663c19", "source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0009.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "9b4a6eba-9b71-59f5-bdde-4508c2a09a78", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how an Iowa county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Iowa Code chapters on assessing and listing property do not mention an assessor's portal.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b287384edff7e39a848cd93a6d8746eefce5424e7c9bab1ea843b36c45f2187e", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/441.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": 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date, legal description, conveying instrument, and county recorder recording data.", "fetch_event_id": "4c9b5255-a738-532d-a8e2-0d1071519f7f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "I am the trustee under the trust dated ............................, to\n which the above-described real estate was conveyed to the trustee", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "333313d4cc6bf7f4cc5bdd9bd532701b7471b207a0263f4455f33186ebea7ff6", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/614.14.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Iowa assessment rolls are prescribed to permit entering the names of all persons assessed.", "fetch_event_id": "9b4a6eba-9b71-59f5-bdde-4508c2a09a78", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The assessment rolls shall be in a form that will permit entering, separately, the names of all persons assessed", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b287384edff7e39a848cd93a6d8746eefce5424e7c9bab1ea843b36c45f2187e", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/441.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IA.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Iowa source set supports generic trust-held real estate mechanics, not a separate land-trust entity type.", "fetch_event_id": "4c9b5255-a738-532d-a8e2-0d1071519f7f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If an interest in real estate is held of record by a trustee, a bona fide purchaser acquires all rights in the real estate which the trustee and the 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"https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/9E.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Iowa Safe at Home covers designated-address use and confidentiality, but the designated-address section excludes real-property documents while §9E.7 requires assessor redaction of requestor names in electronic public-access documents.", "fetch_event_id": "d8fe3541-683d-565c-929f-0a02b13be5d4", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon request by a program participant, the assessor or the assessor’s staff shall redact the requestor’s name contained in electronic documents that are displayed for public access through an internet site.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "ed04d9f3-30c3-50c1-b2d4-6fb990d3de84", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how an Idaho county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Idaho assessment sections read do not mention an assessor's portal.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "58ef5ecbeb868359cc92f8c606f033b1835c7c5179ee5e9bd9c1a16059b5e1b9", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title63/T63CH5/SECT63-509/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ID.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "ce91306d-0678-504c-b6b2-ae9a162a1439", "not_established_reason": "Whether Idaho requires land-trust beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Idaho trust sections read do not mention land trusts.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "13d85e73feb1eab975e56793366e5e1ea26cd5e0aa0145d2a0478feacdad2b80", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title68/T68CH1/SECT68-106/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ID.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "3b9ff1e7-bb91-5374-8d2e-91216db916a6", "not_established_reason": "What an Idaho county recorder's record shows for a land trust is 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"snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5920fbd3e2d3e1c7d365d824d79e63c285e5329bd0577de1cecd5ad6a801e4b2", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K2.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IL.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Applications to Illinois, its agencies, or political subdivisions for land-related benefits, authorizations, licenses, or permits must identify each land-trust beneficiary by name, address, and interest.", "fetch_event_id": "c32e2556-9851-5bb8-a68b-a7bc2eadc703", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "such application shall identify each beneficiary of such land trust by name and address and define his interest therein.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5920fbd3e2d3e1c7d365d824d79e63c285e5329bd0577de1cecd5ad6a801e4b2", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K2.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IL.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Illinois requires the trustee of a land trust to record, with the county recorder, an instrument that transfers a beneficial interest in the trust (with exceptions), and lets the recorded copy leave out the names of the parties.", "fetch_event_id": "d4586b11-f8c9-592e-8e01-70967ac458ae", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Every trustee of a land trust who accepts any instrument which transfers the beneficial interest under such trust after January 1, 1986, other than trust documents relating to land situated in counties with a population of 2,000,000 or less which secure debt or other 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Such document shall be recorded in the same manner as a deed for such real estate would be recorded or registered within 60 days after the trustee accepts the instrument which transfers such beneficial interest. 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"source_sha256": "a62cdfb9f9b0dcd59f7b059c11cf298f07c10b444ad15c80ab2e821eac28260a", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K1.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IL.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier; renewal is by Attorney General rule.", "fetch_event_id": "e0e92c5a-5a68-5ace-ab26-f6cde03ef5ea", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for 4 years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "47208407770703b67c05d1f983fa4ac8cdc436a665b92aabd2ae8e492bb8bc09", "source_url": 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"https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200750/Act%200061/075000610K35.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IN.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "de569188-7dba-58fc-91ac-f17c1885784a", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5ddb180b0b1801d489ae6e3a91c4c4c6c1301eb8d62290aa4c1e4e2c1f0f9e50", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_32.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IN.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": 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"readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8aabc843ce0263c87c09e1b981e49837294792f9074db8121b54f4d0509d8112", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_30.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IN.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "de569188-7dba-58fc-91ac-f17c1885784a", "not_established_reason": "Who is named on an Indiana tax roll for land held in a land trust is unconfirmed: Indiana law assesses property controlled by a trustee to the trustee, but does not say what name a county prints.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, 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"privacy" }, "privacy#IN.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification expires June 30 of the fourth year after certification or renewal, with renewal available.", "fetch_event_id": "bc3561f1-50ac-56ff-9455-ec714531adc4", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certification as a program participant expires June 30 of the fourth year after the date on which the office of the attorney general certifies or renews the certification", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "277a2b105e86580a76316504aa8d342f0804dbc5cf075a72e1f897c5d40a50ec", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_5.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#IN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": 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"publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Install and maintain such records and data relating to all property in the county, taxable and exempt, as may be required by the director of property valuation.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "720bf442c78eda5841bff7877102baeaa0101c26a085e6697e69dec37f310c6d", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch79/079_014_0012a.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "3cff8fc1-07e0-55c4-88d8-50b3550c686c", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac418d299f3b4ca9e1c0c0cc1b9635fb59c7433bad484d72dc2effef4afa039b", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch58a/058a_010_0013.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "a3f3317e-9687-5011-aa86-7a28afbd3f93", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Every register of deeds shall keep a general index, direct and inverted, in the office of the register of deeds.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fd079b8b1425fdebf3be7d3be16520319a88a4e08e8a9de0ec84cf61cbde25a5", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch19/019_012_0005.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "c5e654b4-4382-5e7b-9f45-d34cee6c0ef2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Any property held in trust for the benefit of another shall be listed by the trustee.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "564d53ef2af1353530f70b767d0e65b099f7c066648f6ee370a8d2f85edde2bc", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch79/079_003_0003.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "442d0e04-3723-50ba-807d-59d2483540d2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This code applies to express trusts, charitable or noncharitable, and trusts created pursuant to a statute, judgment, or decree that requires the trust to be administered in the manner of an express trust.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0cac1c84ecd74e45d17d0d44182dfe06c4d447ef31e16af4fa42eb2317606ef9", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch58a/058a_001_0002.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "3cff8fc1-07e0-55c4-88d8-50b3550c686c", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ac418d299f3b4ca9e1c0c0cc1b9635fb59c7433bad484d72dc2effef4afa039b", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.org/statutes/chapters/ch58a/058a_010_0013.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KS.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Address Confidentiality 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"ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5139f2037a4aca04f441d4832d75b837d6d1ca055d2d40d7c28ad5820413bf81", "source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch75/075_004_0055.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "85798e14-ff5f-5dca-a9a4-0fc2cf5d3bb4", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "make the assessment of all property in his county except as otherwise provided, prepare property assessment records, and have other powers and duties relating to assessment as may be prescribed by law or by the department", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0e000c0a6f3672adbbd202163c4382a60c35be649d5f4deb37231c8f513c420a", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=28271", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "5b5d73b6-df17-5784-b8db-afcefddd34e3", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A trustee shall keep the qualified beneficiaries of the trust reasonably informed about the administration of the trust and of the material facts necessary for them to protect their interests.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dce0bd0cc3efd9068c05049849a5c1a929726bd36798fafe98433bb4a9be1f0e", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=43135", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "6f856d81-eaea-5323-ba4d-c29e27a2eece", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "each county clerk shall make and keep an alphabetical cross-index of all conveyances recorded in his office", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "452520aa98a2fde84568e8c60a6448b11db7021261f0fdb4a56e8734b8122f1d", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=49529", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Kentucky's property-tax listing statute says the holder of legal title, the holder of equitable title, and the claimant or bailee in possession on the assessment date are liable for the taxes, and that the property may be assessed in any of their names.", "fetch_event_id": "e96a1ada-a808-53b0-ae6e-a64aebfdd462", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The holder of legal title, the holder of equitable title, and the claimant or bailee in possession of the property on the assessment date as provided by law shall be liable for the taxes thereon, and the property may be assessed in any of their names.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "779b2de0669551efaac3101ed48ee1bb77540f6a1a7951cd14246a315f5809f1", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=49164", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "f7f87731-beed-5ee0-8fcb-7bcde03d4b38", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ada07e1162e3bdd14e1d187f54e78200d4f91fb062ee4e2e88bc29aa8ee2629c", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/chapter.aspx?id=39165", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "fa218b4b-a40d-5915-a054-9d2af77b4d75", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The full name of the grantor and grantee; (b) The mailing addresses of the grantor and grantee;", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "42e2c14ed34208cc969b4e475920f5db2b5cd06f1f71c79ca0877e26160243e0", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=47942", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification lasts four years after filing unless withdrawn or invalidated, with renewal notice and procedure.", "fetch_event_id": "76d2e628-9732-5d1e-8397-b024f2f0264d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for four (4) years following the date of filing unless the\n\f certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date. The Secretary of State\n shall send notification of an expiring certification and a renewal form to a program\n participant at least fou", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f3a6e0388fbdbfb35d06d11664b3d9c9edfe0f9c564665e5edc50bb89ff17dab", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Applicant and participant addresses are exempt under the Kentucky Open Records Act, and state/local agencies must accept the Secretary-designated substitute address for new public records subject to statutory exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "76d2e628-9732-5d1e-8397-b024f2f0264d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The addresses of individuals applying for entrance into the Safe at Home Program\n and the addresses of those certified as program participants shall be exempt from\n disclosure under the Kentucky Open Records Act, KRS 61.870 to KRS 61.884. An\n agency may not require the program participant to submit any new address that\n could be used to physically locate the participant. When creating a new public\n record, state and local agencies shall accept the address designated by the Secretary\n of State as a program participant's substitute address, unless the Secretary of State\n has deter", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f3a6e0388fbdbfb35d06d11664b3d9c9edfe0f9c564665e5edc50bb89ff17dab", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#KY.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "After written notice from a program participant, a person must not knowingly disclose the participant name, home address, work address, or school address except under stated exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "76d2e628-9732-5d1e-8397-b024f2f0264d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "if a program participant\n has notified a person in writing that he or she is a program participant, that person\n shall not knowingly disclose the program participant's:\n (a) Name;\n (b) Home address;\n\f (c) Work address; or\n (d) School address.\n(10) Any person to whom a program participant has provided written notification that he\n or she is a program participant may knowingly disclose t", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f3a6e0388fbdbfb35d06d11664b3d9c9edfe0f9c564665e5edc50bb89ff17dab", "source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "16f92fcb-bb50-5ba5-ac07-5b03a01dac53", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "his lists shall be exposed daily for inspection by the taxpayers and other interested persons for the period provided for in Subsection F of this Section.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6a74e9cda8e87814f38c96c0db26e5e50121cb0cc3dffbcd456d82d3a4e15284", "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/Legis/Law.aspx?d=101450", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Recording an extract of trust under R.S. 9:2092 requires beneficiary name or description.", "fetch_event_id": "4284adb3-45b4-502a-8c7c-47a9a909447b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The name of each trustee and name or other description of the beneficiary or beneficiaries.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "68320beb7447c586911d472ab6f25c9f44fd2a1fce0a26445943784b350cafe8", "source_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trust instrument or extract is recorded in each parish where the property is located.", "fetch_event_id": "4284adb3-45b4-502a-8c7c-47a9a909447b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "for record in each parish in which the property is located.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Recorded trust extract must identify trustee information; the statute does not prescribe a separate marketing-style land-trust deed-title form.", "fetch_event_id": "4284adb3-45b4-502a-8c7c-47a9a909447b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The name of each trustee and name or other description of the beneficiary or beneficiaries.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "68320beb7447c586911d472ab6f25c9f44fd2a1fce0a26445943784b350cafe8", "source_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification is valid for four years unless canceled.", "fetch_event_id": "941a576f-2d15-58c5-a116-e8947fad77d4", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Such certification shall be valid for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is canceled.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b415ccf116d9e57df29a8984bf4c1a072029fd42e0cbe5620f88bebd42779406", "source_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=410811", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP substitute address is used for state or local government services and is designed to prevent location discovery through state public records.", "fetch_event_id": "bacbafc2-7f6d-5916-8ab8-29fbf5fa9324", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "state or local government services (e.g., driver's license, voter registration, public school records, etc.).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f522d86378becd447e564dff42098ebca8b1fb9f8d454902d6bbc20ad36bdf4f", "source_url": "https://www.sos.la.gov/our-office/address-confidentiality-program", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#LA.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "R.S. 44:11.2 requires public-body removal or written reason after acknowledgment and third-party removal within seventy-two hours.", "fetch_event_id": "90a216a3-2b4e-5721-b308-aa0b1b2ec187", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If the personal information is already published, provide for the removal of the personal information within fifteen days after acknowledgment of receipt of the request", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9c23e24a1330cab3d445037443a5858feb6d565176466f624712e4aca9f22c03", "source_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=1389672", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "685ceb7e-5cbe-5d17-adb8-8ae68b221899", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "shall not be deemed to authorize public access to terminals or other data processing equipment for the purpose of copying, reading, collecting, printing, analyzing or manipulating any data or other information collected under any provision of this chapter", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1f80ac95954bacd57b3fb602dd2e20b6d3bb1f94e50d2596d86612805857bdeb", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleIX/Chapter59/Section52C", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A trustee certificate may certify the identity of trustees or beneficiaries; no separate mandatory land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found.", "fetch_event_id": "87af8df5-bff9-514b-8987-638de4201df3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "certifies as to: (a) the identity of the trustees or the beneficiaries thereunder;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7ed63d6b6c9fe54f687352699b02345f63cb016c986905604054f5bf4abd60b7", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The most recently recorded trustee certificate in the registry of deeds for the county or district where the real estate lies controls.", "fetch_event_id": "87af8df5-bff9-514b-8987-638de4201df3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The certificate most recently recorded in the registry of deeds for the county or district in which the real estate lies shall control.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7ed63d6b6c9fe54f687352699b02345f63cb016c986905604054f5bf4abd60b7", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Massachusetts assessment lists exhibit valuation/classification/assessment and include nonresident owner names or descriptions where applicable.", "fetch_event_id": "35597862-2e83-58f0-9a75-bc855a011a79", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The list shall exhibit the valuation, classification and assessment of the estates of the inhabitants assessed; and the valuation, classification and assessment of the estates of nonresident owners, and shall contain the names of the nonresident owners of the property assessed, or such description of them as can be given, their places of abode, if known, the description of their estate, and the tax thereon.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7be4c6cfaced7c452709ce39b8b790ffffee3feb042bef7ef785c655d59416ce", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleIX/Chapter59/Section44", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Massachusetts source set supports nontestamentary trust-held real estate certificate mechanics, not a separate land-trust entity type.", "fetch_event_id": "87af8df5-bff9-514b-8987-638de4201df3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "real estate owned by a nontestamentary trust lies", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7ed63d6b6c9fe54f687352699b02345f63cb016c986905604054f5bf4abd60b7", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The trustee who appears from registry or land-court records may sign the certificate for real estate owned by the nontestamentary trust.", "fetch_event_id": "87af8df5-bff9-514b-8987-638de4201df3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "signed by a person who from the records of the registry of deeds or of the registry district of the land court, for the county or district in which real estate owned by a nontestamentary trust lies, appears to be a trustee thereunder", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7ed63d6b6c9fe54f687352699b02345f63cb016c986905604054f5bf4abd60b7", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A program participant certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "fccde5be-ccf7-5a64-9bf3-931658b85d53", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "An applicant shall be certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a93c39cb1235b2e170d23578a153e40f958026c90a10f54a52bbfb123160aa26", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section2", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local agencies must accept the secretary-designated substitute address when creating a new public record, subject to statutory/administrative need exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "e74e1ed8-653e-5478-88b6-3419c5303eea", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "state and local agencies shall accept the address designated by the secretary as a program participant's substitute address when creating a new public record", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e6da9310c3f23bfaa038dc1bf9d0141fa2a45ccb58dee318c3111df3065b7ee0", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section4", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MA.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "fefa2b96-f3d3-561b-a337-f658ac973107", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The secretary shall not make a program participant's address, other than the address designated by the secretary, available for inspection or copying", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fce2180fd94b4db2b5c405f44576e7c3af9765178e679851e0e836683ccc9515", "source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section5", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that an owner who wants a name concealed in its records can create a trust, list the owner and others as the beneficiaries, and record a new deed in the land records transferring the property into the trust.", "fetch_event_id": "e7c4c056-2482-545b-9ea7-f93c0b26b9db", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If you would like your name to be concealed with the property that you reside at for our records and still be qualified as your principle residence for homestead credits, you could create a trust and list yourself and others as the beneficiaries​. A new deed would then need to be recorded in Land Records with your property transferred into that trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "50b24c90eb6d3b207b1e10ee20a04c3939941c3369d4de351d7f2974024410f1", "source_url": "https://dat.maryland.gov/realproperty/Pages/Questions-and-Answers-About-Real-Property-Assessments.aspx", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "0eaf1bd2-27e1-5f4a-a674-55d738da3c58", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Within 60 days after accepting a trusteeship, shall notify the qualified beneficiaries of the acceptance and of the trustee’s name, address, and telephone number", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6447c0ed34696cc5a820249e6ca42903f8740e76276116ba75095f6a27c884e", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=get§ion=14.5-813&enactments=false", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "35b10112-7f5b-52ef-8612-c16d6d8b5205", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Name each grantor, donor, mortgagor, and assignor and each grantee, donee, mortgagee, and assignee;", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c65dbd919dfc30b8d3256382e036bdef202dae47a8b62a390e99e242d35c9535", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-104&enactments=false", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that Tax-Property Article 2-211(b)(1) requires the owner of a tax account to be shown on its records, and that its records reflect the ownership of property listed within the deeds that are officially recorded among the county's land records.", "fetch_event_id": "e7c4c056-2482-545b-9ea7-f93c0b26b9db", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Tax Property Article 2-211(b)(1) requires that the owner of a tax account be shown on our Department's records. Our records reflect the ownership of property listed within the deeds that are officially recorded among the County's Land Records.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "50b24c90eb6d3b207b1e10ee20a04c3939941c3369d4de351d7f2974024410f1", "source_url": "https://dat.maryland.gov/realproperty/Pages/Questions-and-Answers-About-Real-Property-Assessments.aspx", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland law says that a grant of land to a trustee whose title is nominal only, who has no express power of disposition or management of the property and who holds it for a beneficiary expressly designated in the instrument, is void as to the trustee and is a direct grant to the beneficiary.", "fetch_event_id": "9f27d773-8229-5538-b82a-6bc70307acc6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a grant, deed, covenant, or bequest of any land or personal property is to a trustee whose title is nominal only and who has no express power of disposition or management of the property, and is to be held for a beneficiary expressly designated in it, the grant, deed, covenant, or bequest is void as to the trustee, and is a direct grant, deed, covenant, or bequest to the beneficiary.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21a644f80385cbbe5a68f88ce4bac67137900364273a8e207f8cc08ae0c5e886", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=2-116&enactments=false", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland treats a deed to a trustee whose title is nominal only, and who has no express power of disposition or management, as void as to the trustee and as a direct grant to the named beneficiary (Real Property section 2-116(a)).", "fetch_event_id": "71c780f1-2fdf-5845-9bcb-a8cbd81052a2", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a grant, deed, covenant, or bequest of any land or personal property is to a trustee whose title is nominal only and who has no express power of disposition or management of the property, and is to be held for a beneficiary expressly designated in it, the grant, deed, covenant, or bequest is void as to the trustee, and is a direct grant, deed, covenant, or bequest to the beneficiary.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3bd4a29fa91256788dc57133dd52c827ecd2f809f11e2545408ce20c06f016bd", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=2-116", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland keeps the disclosure prohibition in force until consent, court order, loss of record interest, or notice that the individual is no longer a program participant.", "fetch_event_id": "bcfe6d89-4cbd-5c15-a3fe-3ca4f1f3dd31", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The prohibition on disclosure shall continue until:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d1801e095dea8c4aa80609690b315a1409266db4838adc157616b909d32f1a0b", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-116", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland defines real property records to include land and tax records maintained by circuit-court clerks or state/local agencies.", "fetch_event_id": "d03b2a9a-d890-5e86-8819-5de49ba10b15", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Real property record” means any record or data maintained by a clerk of the circuit court or a State or local agency as part of the land or tax records.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84c08f835275b74acb74270ffaf592d74cb5bb8ca53751ed4c2184560b7efe09", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-114", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MD.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maryland permits title-exam disclosure only with confidentiality and purpose limits; separate public republication language was not identified.", "fetch_event_id": "a6bf19da-36e9-5a50-97cc-267344a9fae6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "any information disclosed to the individual shall be treated as confidential and shall be used and disclosed only for the purpose identified in the request", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b355a48b7a8d4f8ae93044d7d55eaf37fa9202ac17bb82d1409cc1ff1072ddc4", "source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-118", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No statewide Maine rule on how assessor portals display or control information on land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Maine beneficiary-disclosure trigger specific to land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Maine statewide land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule was found; general trust recording/notice provisions were reviewed as negative context.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No statewide Maine rule on how taxpayer names are displayed or controlled on tax rolls for land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Maine state-level land trust or title-holding real-property trust law was found in the official sources reviewed.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Maine land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; 33 M.R.S. section 851-A is a general trust-conveyance rule and was not counted as a land-trust regime.", "fetch_event_id": "eb876900-3f07-5b33-b3ba-a1aaf76a76ed", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c4ec0675cb1e5ea8e3311dfa56c7350be38ac0a8567b9b49fd64ff649257e8a1", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Maine ACP certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "01b0c75d-b33e-562c-8c06-04fd4b0b054f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant is certified for 4 years following the date of initial certification unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bede3834635e947c8e573407b7dd28757cec0a213aa6396d4f309edf30ee792", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local government agencies and courts must use only the designated address unless the Secretary approves an exemption.", "fetch_event_id": "01b0c75d-b33e-562c-8c06-04fd4b0b054f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon demonstration of a program participant's certification in the program, state and local government agencies and the courts shall accept and use only the designated address as a program participant's address unless the secretary has approved an exemption", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bede3834635e947c8e573407b7dd28757cec0a213aa6396d4f309edf30ee792", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ME.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The participant application, supporting materials, and program state e-mail account are not public records and must be kept confidential by the Secretary.", "fetch_event_id": "01b0c75d-b33e-562c-8c06-04fd4b0b054f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The program participant's application, supporting materials and the program's state e-mail account are not a public record and must be kept confidential by the secretary.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bede3834635e947c8e573407b7dd28757cec0a213aa6396d4f309edf30ee792", "source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "418f0b8f-2e97-5f71-a212-a281d661833f", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "(a) The assessor shall certify the assessment roll and maintain a computer printed format or a disk, external drive, or other electronic data processing format compatible with the computer system used by the local tax collecting unit.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5cbad1f6714689a81a3b38d3f8530290de38e8d630f53b51f3a0b4688bb5aa13", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-211-24", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A trustee may furnish a certificate of trust instead of the trust instrument to a person other than a trust beneficiary; the certificate need not include dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "a5f78a07-c4db-5a24-b698-77a6fd326699", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Instead of furnishing a copy of the trust instrument to a person other than a trust beneficiary, the trustee may furnish to the person a certificate of trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "36ad063d8020168fe1822a7e6f94a440f5194c271dee629375f8b0efa07231dd", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-700-7913", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A recorded certificate of trust supplies reliance protection; further examination is not required unless an amendment or revocation is recorded in the same office.", "fetch_event_id": "75861e79-763f-5989-923e-e9d3dc816d04", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A purchaser or other party relying on the information included in a recorded certificate of trust under section 7913", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3796826b6a2cdd355f081b2fb49d1d4d6fd65a25f75b8b2a6e71cab5a2170257", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-435", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "418f0b8f-2e97-5f71-a212-a281d661833f", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "If the name of the owner or occupant of any tract or parcel of real property is known, the assessor shall enter the name and address of the owner or occupant opposite to the description of the property.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5cbad1f6714689a81a3b38d3f8530290de38e8d630f53b51f3a0b4688bb5aa13", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-211-24", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The state source set identifies an express-trust real-property instrument and certificate-of-trust regime, not a land-trust-specific title act.", "fetch_event_id": "19f4acbc-9c9c-5f46-8f2b-c7db09e00699", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "executed pursuant to an express trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8601cb158c4015dac6ffe3e98e87c36cdde5029342aa0c62e45c5c8feb354a03", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-431", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A real-property instrument executed pursuant to an express trust may be accompanied by a certificate of trust that includes the legal description of the affected real property.", "fetch_event_id": "19f4acbc-9c9c-5f46-8f2b-c7db09e00699", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certificate of trust under section 7913 of the estates and protected individuals code, 1998 PA 386, MCL 700.7913, that includes the legal description of the affected real property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8601cb158c4015dac6ffe3e98e87c36cdde5029342aa0c62e45c5c8feb354a03", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-431", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification is valid for four years unless canceled, with renewal available for continuing eligible participants.", "fetch_event_id": "316bed36-8687-552b-a5fa-5c14ebc4b4b6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the certification of a program participant is valid for 4 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"ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f7d014b51632bef5b0d286aae3b4ec0b37534e61edffd0df9a2cd3e3ddc77cba", "source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-780-857", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MI.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Governmental entities must use the designated address on request, and municipally owned utility confidential-address records are nonpublic and FOIA-exempt.", "fetch_event_id": "60464b33-6567-5717-9c8f-63a2e89615dd", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "if a request is made under this subsection, a governmental entity shall use the designated address", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/273.01", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "9bc38e1f-ea6a-5064-be9c-58d3171d9862", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The certificate of trust must include: (1) the name of the trust, if one is given; (2) the date of the trust instrument; (3) the name and address of each trustee empowered to act under the trust instrument at the time of execution of the certificate;", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b611fb600e15f6cd8bb981f6aefda93eb66114dc292678698e355d31fa3a176", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "A certificate of trust may be recorded, and trustee affidavits may be recorded in county recorder or registrar of titles offices.", "fetch_event_id": "6808e2d6-8bce-549a-b7b6-3658b30f55b8", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "may be recorded in the office of the county recorder for any county or in the office of the registrar of titles for any county", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf2c9030b30aa60b8fd659200187ef494fc11166ce69606127fbb9fdead2b563", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1014", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "eed31b45-d2f2-5b8f-8539-f7a3f5ba174f", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The taxpayer is defined as the owner who is responsible for the payment of the tax.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "38fd86b12858326cd135ac5bebb862f9cd59a2a17a35a8ea6ccca0bb4cc4673f", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/276.04", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Equivalent real-property trust privacy substrate: certificate of trust and trustee affidavit document trustee identity and powers for real-property transactions.", "fetch_event_id": "5e23dcf1-ab6a-5080-bdde-1a1803014ccb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "serves to document the existence of the trust, the identity of the trustees, the powers of the trustees and any limitations on those powers", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b611fb600e15f6cd8bb981f6aefda93eb66114dc292678698e355d31fa3a176", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Trustee affidavits identify trustees empowered to transfer title interests in real property held in trust.", "fetch_event_id": "6808e2d6-8bce-549a-b7b6-3658b30f55b8", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "are empowered by the trust instrument to sell, convey, pledge, mortgage, lease, or transfer title to any interest in real property held in trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf2c9030b30aa60b8fd659200187ef494fc11166ce69606127fbb9fdead2b563", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1014", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Minnesota residents are certified for four years unless canceled, withdrawn, or invalidated; outside-Minnesota applicants are initially certified for 60 days.", "fetch_event_id": "609c659f-285d-5465-983b-65a03baf4f15", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "program participants must be certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is canceled, withdrawn or invalidated before that date", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0753c5671f290d09830457a33a6d3f1a0b48e438aed22fc31501a344ea2cb47e", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.03", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Public or private persons and entities must accept the designated address when presented under the statute.", "fetch_event_id": "520df529-406c-5f14-b9f6-f8e975e5d79b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "that address must be accepted as the address of the program participant", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "af228f79f24c5aeb2e32b8d8c87a525fa47941359ab680ae9c9dc89c0c6f9c32", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MN.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "After written notice on the prescribed form, a person or entity may not knowingly disclose the participant name or address identified in the notice.", "fetch_event_id": "520df529-406c-5f14-b9f6-f8e975e5d79b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the person or entity must not knowingly disclose the participant's name or address identified by the participant on the notice", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "af228f79f24c5aeb2e32b8d8c87a525fa47941359ab680ae9c9dc89c0c6f9c32", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.05", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set.", "fetch_event_id": "2d496370-69b7-5fd1-927e-423ef7673c1e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6a859983e090b7326ecb1ad018bb9bc1b2ab21d80bbd1afa3d8210d05f3fd294", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: Section 141.710's 'beneficiaries' are the taxing authorities imposing real estate taxes, not private trust beneficiaries with a disclosure trigger.", "fetch_event_id": "43a15ad7-3e0b-5649-9633-d6d26241dc76", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2f6cde69176481a27a1fa6bab775487d273f22b485ad59887d627afb6b7c6f1f", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.710", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: Section 141.750's deed-recital rule governs the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust's tax-delinquent-land sales, not a private land-trust recorder-record disclosure rule.", "fetch_event_id": "5ee0d620-3c64-58f1-9fa0-ddccf6b5bc0e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "52410b78ac9f19c59475a0aad5da5da3a829f59b3e2d9647ac1e602d22fcdd53", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.750", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No statewide taxpayer-name-on-roll display rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set.", "fetch_event_id": "2d496370-69b7-5fd1-927e-423ef7673c1e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6a859983e090b7326ecb1ad018bb9bc1b2ab21d80bbd1afa3d8210d05f3fd294", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Missouri land-trust trust type was found; Chapter 141's 'land trust' is a public corporation acting in a governmental capacity, not a private settlor/trustee/beneficiary trust form.", "fetch_event_id": "2d496370-69b7-5fd1-927e-423ef7673c1e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6a859983e090b7326ecb1ad018bb9bc1b2ab21d80bbd1afa3d8210d05f3fd294", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: Section 141.750's warranty-deed conveyance authority belongs to the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust, not a private trustee-title-on-deed mechanism.", "fetch_event_id": "5ee0d620-3c64-58f1-9fa0-ddccf6b5bc0e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "52410b78ac9f19c59475a0aad5da5da3a829f59b3e2d9647ac1e602d22fcdd53", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.750", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program certification lasts four years after initial certification unless withdrawn or cancelled, with renewal notice before expiration.", "fetch_event_id": "47891d5b-2bc8-5b59-853d-1cfdbf36b226", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant is certified for four years following the date of initial certification unless the certification is withdrawn by the applicant or cancelled by the secretary before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "436877854da1dc271d4896287299bc672c9d00f4a10849386cd85b3e97fd7bf3", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=589.663", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Safe at Home provides a designated address for creating new public records and section 589.663 requires forwarding first class mail, legal documents, and certified mail.", "fetch_event_id": "d1ede4f1-87d0-54ca-bde4-03938277e19d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "providing a designated address to use when creating new public records. These services help keep survivors’ confidential addresses out of the hands of their assailants.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "20b8c2e96b3b65b38636da6f5d4f5f72ee9273f7e5f8791dd8add926a1299bc5", "source_url": "https://www.sos.mo.gov/business/safeathome", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MO.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The captured Missouri Address Confidentiality Program source set does not state a third-party republication or downstream takedown duty.", "fetch_event_id": "47891d5b-2bc8-5b59-853d-1cfdbf36b226", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "436877854da1dc271d4896287299bc672c9d00f4a10849386cd85b3e97fd7bf3", "source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=589.663", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed by the source: the statewide sources do not establish how county assessor portals display trust real property under Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b).", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 91-8-407(b)(2) requires a memorandum of trust to state the trust's name, the trustee's identity and address, the settlor's identity and address, a legally sufficient description of the real-property interests held by or conveyed to the trust, termination terms, and the trustee's general powers — it does not require naming beneficiaries.", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A legally sufficient description of all interests in real property owned by or conveyed to the trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Section 91-8-407(b)(1)-(2): a trust instrument or memorandum of trust filed for record with the clerk of the chancery court in the county where the real property is located shows the trust name, trustee identity/address, settlor identity/address, and the real-property description — it does not show beneficiaries or dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The memorandum of trust may be filed with the clerk of the appropriate chancery court either before or after a deed of conveyance of real property to the trust or trustee, in his capacity as such.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b) does not address whose name appears on the tax roll for trust-owned real property.", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Mississippi has no dedicated land-trust act; it has a real-property trust-memorandum recording mechanism in its general trust code (Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b)), distinct from and more specific than the state's generic § 91-8-1013 certification-of-trust provision.", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No trust of or in any real property can be created except by a written instrument signed by the party who declares or creates such trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 91-8-407(b)(2) permits the deed of conveyance itself to serve as the memorandum of trust (or an amendment to it) when it contains the information a memorandum must contain, so a recorded deed to the trust or trustee can itself satisfy the real-property trust-memorandum requirement.", "fetch_event_id": "d28883cf-1556-5ce3-9b24-db4c031ffc3f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the deed of conveyance may also serve as a memorandum of trust, or an amendment to the memorandum of trust, as the case may be, so long as the deed of conveyance contains the information required for a memorandum of trust as set forth in this subsection (b).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b088c263d20ad9a68d7b964411bee4eaf3db76a2fa7f739630dbc36a0d7e3f03", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Mississippi program participant's certification lasts four years from the date of certification, unless it is withdrawn, cancelled or invalidated before that date.", "fetch_event_id": "71a5f649-7365-5269-9a7b-ac5502d9ba87", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The term of a program participant’s certification shall be four (4) years following the date of certification (unless the certification is withdrawn, cancelled, or invalidated before that date. See §707).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "aa4fe6db4a3bb76a1d5a2deb165232424732c190f5896784e3d6ca02a4a6b262", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Mississippi program participant's confidential address, telephone number and any other identifying information held by a public body, as Mississippi Code § 25-6-3 defines it, does not count as a public record under the Mississippi Public Records Act of 1983.", "fetch_event_id": "71a5f649-7365-5269-9a7b-ac5502d9ba87", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The program participant’s confidential address, telephone number, and any other identifying information within the possession of a public body, as defined by Mississippi Code Annotated § 25-6-3, shall not constitute a public record within the meaning of Mississippi Public Records Act of 1983.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "aa4fe6db4a3bb76a1d5a2deb165232424732c190f5896784e3d6ca02a4a6b262", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MS.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Mississippi public bodies must accept the address the Office of the Attorney General designates as a program participant's substitute address, unless that office determines the public body has a bona fide statutory or administrative requirement for the confidential address and will use it only for those purposes.", "fetch_event_id": "71a5f649-7365-5269-9a7b-ac5502d9ba87", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Public bodies shall accept the address designated by the Office of the Attorney General as a program participant’s substitute address, unless the Office of the Attorney General has determined that: a. The public body has a bona fide statutory or administrative requirement for the use of the confidential address of the program participant; and b. The confidential address will be used only for those statutory and administrative purposes.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "aa4fe6db4a3bb76a1d5a2deb165232424732c190f5896784e3d6ca02a4a6b262", "source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.", "fetch_event_id": "a3cb02ae-b2dd-5008-aeba-1b1d351b9144", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"business trust\" means an unincorporated association or trust of the type which at common law was known as a \"business trust\" or \"Massachusetts trust\", created by an instrument under which property is held and managed by trustees for the benefit and profit of such persons as are or may become the holders of transferable certificates evidencing beneficial interests in the trust estate.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bb98df0fec22679d75c0332f937a10535d5cb0414d528ce1a839e5a6c570c524", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the filed verified trustee list and transferable beneficial-interest certificates are generic business-trust filing/securities mechanics, not a real-property disclosure trigger.", "fetch_event_id": "cfca9452-ab55-5742-bdd6-ac3cf7ea67c5", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "a verified list of the names, residences, and post-office addresses of its trustees;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d13acba6b6c3ad3b59232504771c7ea5784a18f3e4fc20cd303cd564a9e0bba", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the county clerk/recorder filing is a generic business-trust creating-instrument/amendment filing, not a land-trust real-property recorder rule.", "fetch_event_id": "cfca9452-ab55-5742-bdd6-ac3cf7ea67c5", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "shall file a copy of its articles, declaration of trust, or trust agreement by which it was created, certified by the secretary of state, in the office of the county clerk of the county where its principal office or place of business in this state will be located.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d13acba6b6c3ad3b59232504771c7ea5784a18f3e4fc20cd303cd564a9e0bba", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of.", "fetch_event_id": "cfca9452-ab55-5742-bdd6-ac3cf7ea67c5", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "a verified list of the names, residences, and post-office addresses of its trustees;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1d13acba6b6c3ad3b59232504771c7ea5784a18f3e4fc20cd303cd564a9e0bba", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana land-trust type found; the business trust/Massachusetts trust is a generic common-law business-entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type.", "fetch_event_id": "a3cb02ae-b2dd-5008-aeba-1b1d351b9144", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"business trust\" means an unincorporated association or trust of the type which at common law was known as a \"business trust\" or \"Massachusetts trust\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bb98df0fec22679d75c0332f937a10535d5cb0414d528ce1a839e5a6c570c524", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Montana land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; ‘property is held and managed by trustees’ is the entity's generic property-holding definition, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule.", "fetch_event_id": "a3cb02ae-b2dd-5008-aeba-1b1d351b9144", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "property is held and managed by trustees for the benefit and profit of such persons as are or may become the holders of transferable certificates evidencing beneficial interests in the trust estate.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bb98df0fec22679d75c0332f937a10535d5cb0414d528ce1a839e5a6c570c524", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Montana cancels a substitute address after four years unless statutory continuation or cancellation provisions apply.", "fetch_event_id": "7d8da611-300b-5545-abbe-d7095ee1750a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the department shall cancel the substitute address of a participant 4 years after the date on which the department approved the participant's application.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0fc3edf3b902c73c83f08a3e13aa278aec08cdc4459a23c2f69715cf19c1be29", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0190/0400-0150-0010-0190.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Montana requires state and local agencies that need a participant address to accept and use the substitute-address card.", "fetch_event_id": "d07b6e75-3e8f-5596-913f-a21e72b2e240", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any state or local government agency that needs or requires the participant's address shall accept and use the address on the card.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "08fbdf59bc69e6e6bbee2c3ddc75a2cc9191b955fca01c01660eb03ff6f9be42", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0210/0400-0150-0010-0210.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#MT.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No separate Montana ACP republication-removal duty was found; reviewed provisions restrict department disclosure and require government-agency substitute-address use.", "fetch_event_id": "389e54f6-a6e6-5295-8ce6-b1b60c9d7ada", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The department may not divulge in any manner the name of a participant or the confidential address or substitute address of a participant unless:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9e61ed2b4a99c2298da4d4aee9767c5a7429109fd91c22ba1e18ef8e5d8f42f5", "source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0180/0400-0150-0010-0180.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "5c82b702-4282-5bc4-9498-39b2e13165dd", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "No tax records shall be adopted by any county or municipality until they have been approved by the Department of Revenue.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "15cb1f434ccc3173096431555561cab5517bf118a3ca8d225eed89f5ab9bd66a", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_105/GS_105-319.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "533ed53b-0a07-5beb-b566-c53f363f1aec", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "As a minimum such memorandum shall set forth the name, date and place of filing, if any, of such written instrument or declaration of trust", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c181f4d38ea0bd304dd61a21d5afb18274b23973aa7f809a262f63aa1f182484", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_39/GS_39-46.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "For real-property transactions, a certification of trust may be executed and acknowledged for registration in the county register of deeds office; the certification includes trustee identity/address and manner of taking title, but not dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "09ab8a48-b518-5404-9c88-a082beee8394", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "permit its registration in the office of the register of deeds in the county where the real property is located.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "28db7e770fccda9c89b2bffd3a3f0571334969691f98f47197bd6cc70d5eabd9", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_36C/GS_36C-10-1013.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "In North Carolina, real property whose title is held by a trustee, guardian or other fiduciary is listed by the fiduciary in a fiduciary capacity, unless another part of the same section provides otherwise.", "fetch_event_id": "115ba1cb-4727-585c-a5ef-d600a5b9322c", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Real property, the title to which is held by a trustee, guardian, or other fiduciary, shall be listed by the fiduciary in his fiduciary capacity except as otherwise provided in this section.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "812be80104ef3d2903e37fb7bd09eb64cf949100b322e8b30c128bcd5a02e8f4", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_105/GS_105-302.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "North Carolina provides a real-property trust-title mechanism: N.C.G.S. § 36C-10-1013(a)(8) requires a certification of trust to state how title to trust property is taken. N.C.G.S. § 39-44's reference to Illinois land trusts is definitional and is not the basis for that mechanism.", "fetch_event_id": "09ab8a48-b518-5404-9c88-a082beee8394", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The manner of taking title to trust property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "28db7e770fccda9c89b2bffd3a3f0571334969691f98f47197bd6cc70d5eabd9", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_36C/GS_36C-10-1013.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A deed or other instrument purporting to transfer property to a trust is deemed a transfer to the trustee or trustees of that trust.", "fetch_event_id": "2a76e205-61cc-5049-ad30-503366690604", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "shall be deemed to be a transfer to the trustee or trustees of that trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e3fbcb05ab51cb396334949598a30fba289dae6f14da88e8ce2745563ce9b1f7", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_39/GS_39-6.7.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification lasts four years from filing unless withdrawn or canceled earlier, and may be renewed.", "fetch_event_id": "a4e2d76b-9331-51f1-9d3a-da2935f96338", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or canceled prior to the end of the four-year period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d7b54e17a4b15901ecd4d7162a7e1c3276698462e91712f7329ff6a7b7fa5de9", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "North Carolina state and local agencies must accept the substitute address when creating a new public record after a participant presents a current authorization card, subject to statutory waiver.", "fetch_event_id": "a4e2d76b-9331-51f1-9d3a-da2935f96338", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the agency shall accept the address designation by the Attorney General on the authorization card as the program participant's substitute address when creating a new public record.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d7b54e17a4b15901ecd4d7162a7e1c3276698462e91712f7329ff6a7b7fa5de9", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NC.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Chapter 15C requires agencies to use the substitute address for new public records and is designed to answer public-record requests without disclosing the victim's location.", "fetch_event_id": "a4e2d76b-9331-51f1-9d3a-da2935f96338", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "to respond to requests for public records without disclosing the location", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d7b54e17a4b15901ecd4d7162a7e1c3276698462e91712f7329ff6a7b7fa5de9", "source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "7b2f28f0-2a74-5e64-8836-c4bc846d83f3", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The record may be in electronic or paper form and\n must include identifying information as prescribed by the state supervisor of\n assessments.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dd73e6c9ccea7e634b4fb2351d248f6d09abbb35b736d0605f89221bddc69b8c", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t57c02.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "3c34afd1-9083-59d4-a3b8-108d273dd56e", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A trustee shall notify the qualified beneficiaries of the trust existence, of the\n identity of the settlor, of the right to request a copy of the trust instrument", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ee354a0b2ee45015b3c1e3c58efc994d81ed63d7410bd8052afee2aea6044b60", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t59c16.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "North Dakota deed records must show each grantee post-office address and any known or existing city street address; conveyances naming a trust as grantee are not void solely for naming the trust.", "fetch_event_id": "980285d6-9e47-5104-b0d1-50bcfd90589b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No deed in which real estate is described shall be received for record by any recorder in this state if the post-office address", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bae645623d62b5279278cada85abf4c9978fe791290469f5f51c6ea810469ac9", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "e44ab247-cd0f-5cce-967e-6c0eab123ff8", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The list must show the name of the owner, if known", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dd73e6c9ccea7e634b4fb2351d248f6d09abbb35b736d0605f89221bddc69b8c", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t57c02.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "North Dakota has a real-property trust-title mechanism, not a dedicated land-trust act. Under N.D. Cent. Code § 47-19-42.1, a conveyance may name a trust rather than its trustee as grantee when the grantee's identity is reasonably ascertainable.", "fetch_event_id": "980285d6-9e47-5104-b0d1-50bcfd90589b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A conveyance is not void or voidable solely because the grantee in the conveyance is a trust, rather than the trustee of the trust, or is an estate, rather than the personal representative of the estate, if the identity of the grantee is reasonably ascertainable", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bae645623d62b5279278cada85abf4c9978fe791290469f5f51c6ea810469ac9", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "A North Dakota conveyance is not void or voidable solely because the grantee is a trust rather than the trustee, so long as the grantee's identity is reasonably ascertainable from the conveyance or other public record (N.D. Cent. Code § 47-19-42.1).", "fetch_event_id": "980285d6-9e47-5104-b0d1-50bcfd90589b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A conveyance is not void or voidable solely because the grantee in the conveyance is a trust, rather than the trustee of the trust, or is an estate, rather than the personal representative of the estate, if the identity of the grantee is reasonably ascertainable", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bae645623d62b5279278cada85abf4c9978fe791290469f5f51c6ea810469ac9", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The property/GIS/tax-parcel home-address confidentiality request lasts for the remainder of a calendar year and must be renewed annually.", "fetch_event_id": "97e21288-f953-583e-a30f-1a035b92e91a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The request will remain confidential for the remainder of a calendar year and must be renewed annually.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "06966c5dc6adf0d07f67f3d80e0704fb84c61c0936a0a03989d80f0088f2b61e", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Covered records under N.D.C.C. § 44-04-18.3(5) are a geographic information system, a property title record, or tax parcel data containing the home address of an individual listed in subsection (1).", "fetch_event_id": "97e21288-f953-583e-a30f-1a035b92e91a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "geographic information system, a property title record, or tax parcel data", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "06966c5dc6adf0d07f67f3d80e0704fb84c61c0936a0a03989d80f0088f2b61e", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#ND.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "97e21288-f953-583e-a30f-1a035b92e91a", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A home address of an individual in subsection 1 which is included in a geographic information system, a property title record, or tax parcel data is confidential only if an individual in subsection 1 or the individual's employer submits a written request to the custodian of the records.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "06966c5dc6adf0d07f67f3d80e0704fb84c61c0936a0a03989d80f0088f2b61e", "source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust assessor-portal control rule was located in the reviewed official source set.", "fetch_event_id": "a2f8890d-b766-5347-9fdc-ed6b0083cdda", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(UTC 816) Specific powers of trustee.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "06e3c1c8cf4744e4acd2a489af5b53308baa3901852263e3cc3df349453f80dd", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=30-3881", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger was located in the reviewed official source set.", "fetch_event_id": "33dc9a57-3623-580f-aa5e-36b042e27784", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Your search for beneficial interest land trust returned 7 results:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b0adbd98965be48fd163a1a322ee01266c8d5a91c577b1ecf57aea21cbd41cb0", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/search_keyword.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust recorder-record display rule was located in the reviewed official source set.", "fetch_event_id": "8b160d2e-bbcb-5646-92c6-6d8eb1ec4b73", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No estate or interest in land, other than leases for a term of one year from the making thereof, nor any trust or power over or concerning lands", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbd98d81f1c298cc2a17eda60ec6947d060ab9d67dda362c7e2850e3b5b53852", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=36-103", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule was located in the reviewed official source set.", "fetch_event_id": "a2f8890d-b766-5347-9fdc-ed6b0083cdda", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(UTC 816) (a) Without limiting the authority conferred by section", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "06e3c1c8cf4744e4acd2a489af5b53308baa3901852263e3cc3df349453f80dd", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=30-3881", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust trust type was located; reviewed Nebraska sources contain general trust/land provisions rather than a land-trust regime.", "fetch_event_id": "2fdac26c-53df-5247-ada2-7e119713d353", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Your search for title holding trust returned 23 results:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d829e94809cee7bdfb6f82abe8c6f7d81562d62acb699b5759e6c725d27f4d6a", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/search_keyword.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Nebraska land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule was located in the reviewed official source set.", "fetch_event_id": "8b160d2e-bbcb-5646-92c6-6d8eb1ec4b73", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No estate or interest in land, other than leases for a term of one year from the making thereof, nor any trust or power over or concerning lands", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbd98d81f1c298cc2a17eda60ec6947d060ab9d67dda362c7e2850e3b5b53852", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=36-103", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification is valid for four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier; renewal may be set by rule and regulation.", "fetch_event_id": "79b28db9-6c0b-5c01-85a6-017018f34d6f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Such certification shall be valid for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5813719c9cb9b9ffe45871365662ebd40f60e2e66a9fb9785e76efe029c951df", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1204", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local agency public records, substitute-address records, voter lists/registration inspection, and Secretary of State participant files are covered in the captured ACP statutes.", "fetch_event_id": "9dcd78df-d6d1-5af7-bea7-a44537d9f42a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "When creating a new public record, a state or local agency", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2ca9fb3d7eefab85656dae7ef0322d5053648557bdb7a9dedbaf4d26f79e6cd6", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1206", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NE.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No separate republication, downstream removal, or third-party recorder takedown duty was located in the captured Nebraska ACP statutes/pages.", "fetch_event_id": "9dcd78df-d6d1-5af7-bea7-a44537d9f42a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant may request that state and local agencies use the address designated by the Secretary of State as the program participant's substitute address.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2ca9fb3d7eefab85656dae7ef0322d5053648557bdb7a9dedbaf4d26f79e6cd6", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1206", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "3dd09ac5-510b-5594-873d-6cd02ff8a9b8", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Such list shall be posted in a public place in the town or city.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4bf3c5e7e039d3eb26df0293f3dd533c4d2dbe5a1ab3f5c70914fb93521477d4", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/V/76/76-7-a.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A trustee may furnish a certification instead of the trust instrument to nonbeneficiaries, and the certification need not contain dispositive terms; no separate land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found.", "fetch_event_id": "442191e7-2f6e-5f0a-ad55-722d8d89282d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Instead of furnishing a copy of the trust instrument to a person other than a beneficiary, the trustee may furnish to the person a certification of trust containing the following information:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b34145358fcd4866d76ce418981f29b8f641f84999a16ca778729c5a9a26f082", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/LVI/564-B/564-B-10-1013.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A deed, conveyance, court order, or other instrument affecting title to real estate is recorded at length in the county registry of deeds.", "fetch_event_id": "77cbf43f-17dd-5dc8-b08f-2736464524b4", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Every deed or other conveyance of real estate and every court order or other instrument which affects title to any interest in real estate", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7b29b500920f85630e06c62b2b9eec4bf66fe07d9b1f41b020dbd170b2baa8a1", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XLVIII/477/477-3-a.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The inventory/tax record for real estate includes the owner name if known, and RSA 76:7-a can require an alphabetical list of real-estate owners with street address and assessed value.", "fetch_event_id": "bc2df656-38e4-5c7d-b4ad-0c41fbc0fba6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the record of real estate which shall include the name of the owner, if known;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5311be95304d230da19c71cac27c90d06ee9c9e9ccf492b8416f124063cc2651", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/V/76/76-7.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The official source set supports generic trusts concerning lands and trust certifications, not a separate New Hampshire land-trust entity type.", "fetch_event_id": "3e80f5c8-dc65-5110-8e89-f142ce15271c", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No trust concerning lands, excepting such as may arise or result by implication of law, shall be created or declared unless by an instrument signed by the party creating the same or by his attorney.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1915e7d2b3fd3edfa5fb15bd61a7dd817498ef250903cbbec1ae1c20f2456a1b", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XLVIII/477/477-17.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A certification of trust may state the manner of taking title to trust property; conveyances affecting real estate title are recorded in the county registry of deeds.", "fetch_event_id": "442191e7-2f6e-5f0a-ad55-722d8d89282d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the manner of taking title to trust property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b34145358fcd4866d76ce418981f29b8f641f84999a16ca778729c5a9a26f082", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/LVI/564-B/564-B-10-1013.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification lasts four years after filing unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "01a07846-4903-5399-86e9-e5fe39f4c8d9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for 4 years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "02ddd7c0e614024c1dcd89c5bef5bf03ccf78d76d9f8a90e0e19b2c25a842724", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/I/7/7-43.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local agencies must accept the attorney-general designated substitute address when creating new public records, with statutory/administrative need exceptions; voter public lists also exclude ACP names and addresses.", "fetch_event_id": "b6631b45-7d72-550e-91ab-d68745d40cd9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "state and local agencies shall accept the address designated by the attorney general as a program participant's substitute address", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8a140442b4eea97aea8de0ce0be6e081ad2e7886eaa60b6821575077b23e9a42", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/I/7/7-45.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NH.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "69d1df2e-10be-5181-b3ef-156cea8cef02", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "ACP services are not retroactive and cannot provide confidentiality or protection if records have already been created with the new address.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1b45b96835ea697a8e85e1827c3adcbf8fa39eb675abbd014e534a2f0208eea0", "source_url": "https://www.doj.nh.gov/bureaus/office-victimwitness-assistance/address-confidentiality-program", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "94831891-ca1a-5358-8b4e-4765ab13abf2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This act applies to\r\nexpress trusts, charitable or noncharitable, and trusts created pursuant to a\r\nstatute, judgment, or decree that requires the trust to be administered in the\r\nmanner of an express trust.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "c3bc701b-a475-5d28-aed7-dbe0a0135d80", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "shall\r\nkeep the qualified beneficiaries of the trust reasonably informed about the\r\nadministration of the trust and of the material facts necessary for them to\r\nprotect their interests", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "e5e0bd4f-2dea-5d78-a7c0-0db136d3b33e", "not_established_reason": "What a New Jersey county recording office's record shows for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions recording a trust or a certification of trust against land, and the property title of the statutes was not read.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This act applies to\r\nexpress trusts, charitable or noncharitable, and trusts created pursuant to a\r\nstatute, judgment, or decree that requires the trust to be administered in the\r\nmanner of an express trust.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "144d4769-2528-5af6-bf34-1d422a856667", "not_established_reason": "Whose name appears on a New Jersey tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions tax rolls, assessment or a taxpayer, and the tax title of the statutes was not read.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This act applies to\r\nexpress trusts, charitable or noncharitable, and trusts created pursuant to a\r\nstatute, judgment, or decree that requires the trust to be administered in the\r\nmanner of an express trust.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "192a490a-ac4d-5bcd-8e92-e8ed28903600", "not_established_reason": "Whether New Jersey defines a land-trust form of trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act provides for trusts generally and never uses the words land trust, and the property and tax titles of the statutes were not read.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This act applies to\r\nexpress trusts, charitable or noncharitable, and trusts created pursuant to a\r\nstatute, judgment, or decree that requires the trust to be administered in the\r\nmanner of an express trust.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "dea56c70-3d9e-52f1-afe7-6fd9d4744ce6", "not_established_reason": "Whether a New Jersey deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act lists, as an item of a certification of trust, the name under which title to trust property may be held, but does not say how title is shown on a deed, and the property title was not read.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "the name in\r\nwhich title to trust property may be taken", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "77544fcc3633da2224abc561a3a19cdd35da68aabdf5c078e560725487b831f9", "source_url": "https://pub.njleg.gov/bills/2014/PL15/276_.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "A New Jersey Address Confidentiality Program participant's certification is valid for four years.", "fetch_event_id": "481efac8-8812-5dd5-9349-4370c2118ec2", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant’s certification shall be valid for four years", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "52196a3aa822e801661ef934667d851f9238495fcab0989ea5714a3a7f1a39d0", "source_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dcf/documents/providers/notices/N.J.A.C.3A.71-Readoption.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP requires state/local agencies to use the legal substitute address; Daniel’s Law/OIP covers government websites and OPRA records.", "fetch_event_id": "e6bb1dab-cb64-548d-ac9b-6d0edaac6965", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "State, county, and local government agencies to shield the protected information of Covered Persons as the law defines them from disclosure on those agencies’ websites", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dc1fa1bd5732ee5d29b3699b177f6dee347ae04e047ea92130db29f750c5aa78", "source_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dca/oip/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NJ.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "DCA OIP states covered persons may request cease disclosure/removal; GRC OPRA text requires redaction before access.", "fetch_event_id": "e6bb1dab-cb64-548d-ac9b-6d0edaac6965", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "entity or person cease the disclosure of the information and remove the protected information from the Internet", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dc1fa1bd5732ee5d29b3699b177f6dee347ae04e047ea92130db29f750c5aa78", "source_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dca/oip/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how a New Mexico county assessor's online portal shows trust-held property is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention assessors, tax rolls or portals.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "not_established_reason": "Whether New Mexico law requires a land trust's beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) has a certification of trust identify the settlor and the acting trustee, not the beneficiaries, and no provision on disclosing a land trust's beneficiaries was identified.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "In New Mexico a certification of trust used to affect title to real property can be recorded: the person receiving it may require a trustee to acknowledge it so that it can be recorded.", "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The recipient of a certification of trust that will be used to affect title to real property may require the certification to be acknowledged by a trustee so as to allow it to be recorded.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "not_established_reason": "Which name New Mexico shows on the property-tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention tax rolls or assessment.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "New Mexico's Uniform Trust Code lets a trustee give a certification of trust (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013). Subsection B covers a certification used to affect title to real property, which the person receiving it may require a trustee to acknowledge so that it can be recorded.", "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The recipient of a certification of trust that will be used to affect title to real property may require the certification to be acknowledged by a trustee so as to allow it to be recorded.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "15a0dd3d-e6e7-5713-a04c-25837904a026", "not_established_reason": "Whether a New Mexico deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) lists the manner of taking title to trust property as an item in a certification of trust, but nothing read says how title is shown on a deed.", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5061e5e6cb0ba556030473146b6e8c007d69ce2c90827b11876b783a663657e4", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "New Mexico Safe at Home certification lasts three years unless cancelled earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "704a4369-3cf3-5776-8d85-289e55c074d5", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The certification is in effect for three (3) years unless otherwise cancelled before the expiration date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4dc08aad7ba69fa1a4a378c678985793591ab53d82d40d80f7556a3d2b880225", "source_url": "https://www.sos.nm.gov/safe-at-home/safe-at-home-eligibility-faqs-and-resources/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The program covers agency-held residential/delivery address, telephone, and email records; agency substitution records; school district address of record; and voter registration records transferred to the Secretary of State.", "fetch_event_id": "384b9318-1dd9-5b98-b167-3940b4356340", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A participant's residential or delivery address, telephone number and email address that are maintained by an agency are not public records", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "745c014b8d4108ed97b484835086a7042b13bf9b9e539a64511273f597638a44", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1514179/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc237967112&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NM.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Agencies receiving a participant confidential substitute address identification card must use the confidential substitute address for all purposes; the reviewed sources do not state a separate republication cure duty.", "fetch_event_id": "384b9318-1dd9-5b98-b167-3940b4356340", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "shall use the participant's confidential substitute address for all purposes", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "745c014b8d4108ed97b484835086a7042b13bf9b9e539a64511273f597638a44", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1514179/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc237967112&textToSearch=", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "b129fa20-ea48-5732-8da7-9ed34f8c8d1b", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f04f9a03e6302465a1815cc6f77de838b977fb8216710397b56dc4cb90e198fe", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-111.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "When a recorded document has a trustee party, Nevada recorder indexes include the trustee and the party for whom the trust is held; deed-of-trust trustee exceptions apply.", "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "together with the name of the testator, intestate, or protected person, or party for whom the trust is held, must be inserted in the index, except that the name of the trustee in a deed of trust or in a partial or full deed of reconveyance need not be indexed.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "County recorder documents and indexes are open to public inspection except statutory confidentiality exceptions; the index includes parties and document data.", "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "all documents on file in the office of the county recorder must, during office hours, be open for inspection by any person without charge.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "b129fa20-ea48-5732-8da7-9ed34f8c8d1b", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f04f9a03e6302465a1815cc6f77de838b977fb8216710397b56dc4cb90e198fe", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-111.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Nevada recognizes a trust relating to real property when it is created by operation of law or evidenced by the written instruments listed in NRS 163.008(1). Under NRS 163.008(2), the trust may be recorded in the county where the property is located. This is a real-property trust-title mechanism, not an inference from general trustee powers.", "fetch_event_id": "e84ebc8d-8d83-52e5-b703-84ce31586062", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A trust created in relation to real property is not valid unless it is created by operation of law or is evidenced by:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "078377760130d07cd9397f505ccec9da079d2afd0dcba5feac7848a7d119c013", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-163.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Threat-based confidentiality orders under NRS 247.545 expire after five years, with notice before expiration and extension process.", "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any order of a court requiring the personal information of a person contained in the records of the county recorder be maintained in a confidential manner pursuant to this section: (a) Is sufficient for the person to request that any personal information set forth in a document that is filed with the county recorder subsequent to the court order be maintained in a confidential manner. (b) Expires 5 years after the date of the order.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Covered recorder records include county-recorder records containing personal information; personal information includes home addresses and phone/email information, excluding APN.", "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Personal information” means: 1. The home address of a person; 2. The home address of the spouse, domestic partner or minor child of a person; 3. Any telephone number or electronic mail address of a person;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NV.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Nevada restricts downstream disclosure of county-recorder confidential information and penalizes unlawful disclosure that creates substantial risk of bodily harm.", "fetch_event_id": "e895f5b2-3728-56e9-a435-3b97633fa50f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a person discloses confidential information about a person or entity in violation of NRS 247.500 to 247.570 , inclusive, and the person who makes the disclosure knows or reasonably should know that such disclosure will create a substantial risk of bodily harm", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c046f96195e9e259969a1f5908146c3db8a25432a53574405818495b227cb369", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: the assessor-filing step in Real Property Tax Law § 457-a belongs to the community land trust property-tax exemption, and New York has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests.", "fetch_event_id": "01970065-ac22-5307-bac7-dc532c3ddc95", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8d506942bdec6eea52cb9bf43caf5a8c43f0cd4e09ab269fd1ab5b53bca3a78c", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/RPT/457-A", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state beneficiary-disclosure triggers.", "fetch_event_id": "319fc61e-0b78-5631-9114-fdfa765a48d3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbbce36508619dbbf5c51ee8dd0e26b866fd416b82b88261597eebb6ec1f1da4", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state what a recorder record shows for the trust.", "fetch_event_id": "319fc61e-0b78-5631-9114-fdfa765a48d3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbbce36508619dbbf5c51ee8dd0e26b866fd416b82b88261597eebb6ec1f1da4", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state taxpayer-name-on-roll treatment.", "fetch_event_id": "319fc61e-0b78-5631-9114-fdfa765a48d3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbbce36508619dbbf5c51ee8dd0e26b866fd416b82b88261597eebb6ec1f1da4", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No New York land-trust trust type was found; the reviewed sections describe a community-land-trust property-tax exemption and municipal land-preservation activities, not a title-holding trust form.", "fetch_event_id": "1adee39f-8fa3-558d-8db9-7f9c9711d593", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "29326e3bd10085acdf34fc0536b8b13d3357910edf5f7c517139b36fa9394a21", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/RPP/520", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not specify trustee title-on-deed wording.", "fetch_event_id": "319fc61e-0b78-5631-9114-fdfa765a48d3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fbbce36508619dbbf5c51ee8dd0e26b866fd416b82b88261597eebb6ec1f1da4", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification runs four years; participant records remain confidential for three years after termination and are then destroyed.", "fetch_event_id": "9da4524b-187b-55df-a7b5-08661589859b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Participants shall be certified for four years following the date of filing, unless the certification is withdrawn or cancelled before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2b9dab72b85cd7745bafb61f975ed1fd6247846ee8617f726a98d00f2e0b87e0", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#NY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP covers substitute-address use in state/local public records and confidential 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null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any agency receiving a waiver shall maintain the confidentiality of the program participant's address by redacting the actual address when the record is released", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2b9dab72b85cd7745bafb61f975ed1fd6247846ee8617f726a98d00f2e0b87e0", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "42afcc24-56e3-572b-8fbf-444bb83d75f9", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a521ad06aed8a421d587ae3439fe62dc6b3edf4844abc23296421a1683cd5fa9", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A memorandum of trust must state trustee name/address, trust execution date, and trustee real-property powers/restrictions; the required list does not include beneficiaries.", "fetch_event_id": "42afcc24-56e3-572b-8fbf-444bb83d75f9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The instrument shall state all of the following: (a) The name and address of the trustee of the trust; (b) The date of execution of the trust; (c) The powers specified in the trust relative to the acquisition, sale, or encumbering of real property by the 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the instrument describes specific real property;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a521ad06aed8a421d587ae3439fe62dc6b3edf4844abc23296421a1683cd5fa9", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "42afcc24-56e3-572b-8fbf-444bb83d75f9", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "If a trust is grantor or grantee and a compliant memorandum is recorded, the conveyance is considered to be to or from the trustee or trustees.", "fetch_event_id": "42afcc24-56e3-572b-8fbf-444bb83d75f9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon compliance with division (E)(1) of this section, a conveyance to or from a trust shall be considered to be a conveyance to or from the trustee or trustees of the trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a521ad06aed8a421d587ae3439fe62dc6b3edf4844abc23296421a1683cd5fa9", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program-participant certification is valid for four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "24e27091-7aab-5bbc-9bc4-edd2e0208cda", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The certification of a program participant shall be valid for four years after the date of the filing of the application for the program participant unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before the end of that four-year period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "219bb1adc705fd24ced8ed0779b608d703016d19bcf65d545b7aa693feae1778", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Ohio covers confidential addresses, governmental entity use of the substitute address, real-property confidentiality notices, and named county record systems.", "fetch_event_id": "24e27091-7aab-5bbc-9bc4-edd2e0208cda", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the county recorder, auditor, treasurer, and engineer shall not disclose to any person the program participant's name, telephone number, electronic mail address, or program participant identification number", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "219bb1adc705fd24ced8ed0779b608d703016d19bcf65d545b7aa693feae1778", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OH.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Ohio prohibits public officials and specified recipients from knowingly disclosing confidential address/real-property notice information except as required or permitted by law.", "fetch_event_id": "24e27091-7aab-5bbc-9bc4-edd2e0208cda", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No public official who has access to a confidential address or telephone number or to information that is subject to a real property confidentiality notice under section 111.431 of the Revised Code because of the person's status as a public official shall knowingly disclose that confidential information to any person, except as required or permitted by law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "219bb1adc705fd24ced8ed0779b608d703016d19bcf65d545b7aa693feae1778", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "66536847-5ab5-5688-b37d-0afc454c6941", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d3b2e55579a21614fbb90817003b03500ec031bf71f6fb51d3380876d204f494", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The county-clerk memorandum required for trust-held real property states the creation date and trustee names; a certification of trust need not include dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "66536847-5ab5-5688-b37d-0afc454c6941", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The memorandum of trust shall include the date of creation and the name of the trustee or trustees of the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d3b2e55579a21614fbb90817003b03500ec031bf71f6fb51d3380876d204f494", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "For trust-held real property acquired after the act, the trustee files a memorandum of trust with the county clerk where the 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"snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d3b2e55579a21614fbb90817003b03500ec031bf71f6fb51d3380876d204f494", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Real property may be acquired and held in the name of an express private trust, with conveyances made in the trust name by the trustees.", "fetch_event_id": "66536847-5ab5-5688-b37d-0afc454c6941", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any estate in real property may be acquired and held in the name of an express private trust which is a legal entity.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d3b2e55579a21614fbb90817003b03500ec031bf71f6fb51d3380876d204f494", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "f18eb2a4-201a-51d0-9f43-376647c66d8f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for four (4) years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ed7663a5f6f2a7ca7137d0a672e230773271f6e8c12e9a4fe96fc405ec9fe141", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The statute covers state and local agency public-record responses and substitute mailing-address use.", "fetch_event_id": "f18eb2a4-201a-51d0-9f43-376647c66d8f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "enable state and local agencies to respond to requests for public records without disclosing the location of a victim", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ed7663a5f6f2a7ca7137d0a672e230773271f6e8c12e9a4fe96fc405ec9fe141", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OK.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local agency employees may not knowingly and intentionally disclose a participant actual address unless disclosure is permitted by law.", "fetch_event_id": "f18eb2a4-201a-51d0-9f43-376647c66d8f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No employee of a state or local agency shall knowingly and intentionally disclose a program participant's actual address unless disclosure is permitted by law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ed7663a5f6f2a7ca7137d0a672e230773271f6e8c12e9a4fe96fc405ec9fe141", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "36ed8acd-e9bd-59d0-ac79-fab1e5cf9265", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No 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person a certification of trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5d189751690add3fa6813922ec1b941e04af347ca763be7d529673b3471097fa", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors130.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "County clerk real-property records include deed and mortgage records with direct grantor/grantee indexes.", "fetch_event_id": "a7527561-c9a0-5d90-ab49-f6f7691359ac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The direct general index shall contain, but need not be limited to, the following:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a23520cc091e74017cb464fe5d1f3e60bf1da9813122e3f40c2816019702a234", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors205.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Assessment roll sets down owner name; tax collector mails tax statements to the person shown on the tax roll as owner.", "fetch_event_id": "36ed8acd-e9bd-59d0-ac79-fab1e5cf9265", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The name of the owner or owners and, if the assessor or tax collector is instructed in writing by the owner or owners", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dbc989f75c27596771686372d6072f4bc897baf5203dd182ae464555cfd50261", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors308.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Oregon source set supports express trusts and trustee-held real property rather than a separately named land-trust act.", "fetch_event_id": "c001ade3-2c04-54d9-a33c-7349918a366f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "this chapter applies to express trusts, whether charitable or noncharitable", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5d189751690add3fa6813922ec1b941e04af347ca763be7d529673b3471097fa", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors130.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Oregon deed law recognizes deeds made to a grantee in trust or designating the grantee as trustee without naming a beneficiary.", "fetch_event_id": "3d7f4cb0-9b49-5204-83c0-41b8b502a1cb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a deed to real estate has been made to a grantee in trust or designating the grantee as trustee, and no beneficiary is indicated or named in the deed", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e7a6489465214f229227d8054ef346a9ba8054f8890a699de5f71f3be9a47398", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors093.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification term is set by Attorney General rule unless withdrawn, canceled, or renewed.", "fetch_event_id": "3c52f59b-c51c-5837-88a7-6b184540ee4a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The term of certification shall be for a period of time determined by the Attorney General by rule", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0b078a7265a051030a9d1753d27a92d6ea4145d5e7732c9486c695782832e810", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program covers public bodies creating new public records or ongoing actions, with special rules for elections, school, marriage/domestic partnership, and transportation records.", "fetch_event_id": "3c52f59b-c51c-5837-88a7-6b184540ee4a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "when a program participant submits a current and valid Address Confidentiality Program authorization card to a public body, the public body shall accept the substitute address", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0b078a7265a051030a9d1753d27a92d6ea4145d5e7732c9486c695782832e810", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#OR.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No third-party republication-removal duty located in ORS 192.820 to 192.868 ACP provisions.", "fetch_event_id": "3c52f59b-c51c-5837-88a7-6b184540ee4a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0b078a7265a051030a9d1753d27a92d6ea4145d5e7732c9486c695782832e810", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Each Pennsylvania county assessment office must keep property record cards showing the owner's name and mailing address and an owner index searchable by name, and the assessment roll, which lists the last known owner of record of each parcel, is open to public inspection at the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. §§ 8834, 8841). The chapter sets no online-portal rule and no land-trust rule.", "fetch_event_id": "ef763cd2-f94e-568b-9131-ee109e86820d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The assessment roll shall be open to public inspection at the county assessment office", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4665b4aa9bd2daef4c32646094fc453717e04b7364aa4b2349dacab8cb7c0566", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/53/00.088..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "045ecb67-f155-555f-8b53-ea35329111bb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd0cf70444348f89a6066c65181b65cd2703308869cddc799fc918f1e4a1afee", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "Pennsylvania's recorder of deeds must document and maintain, for every recorded deed or conveyance of land, the deed date, the grantor and grantee names, the grantee's address, the consideration, the municipality, and the acreage and plan-lot designation when the deed mentions them, and must file that information monthly with the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. § 8862). The rule covers every deed; it has no land-trust provision.", "fetch_event_id": "ef763cd2-f94e-568b-9131-ee109e86820d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "For every deed or conveyance of land recorded, the recorder of deeds shall document", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "4665b4aa9bd2daef4c32646094fc453717e04b7364aa4b2349dacab8cb7c0566", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/53/00.088..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "045ecb67-f155-555f-8b53-ea35329111bb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd0cf70444348f89a6066c65181b65cd2703308869cddc799fc918f1e4a1afee", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "045ecb67-f155-555f-8b53-ea35329111bb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd0cf70444348f89a6066c65181b65cd2703308869cddc799fc918f1e4a1afee", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "045ecb67-f155-555f-8b53-ea35329111bb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd0cf70444348f89a6066c65181b65cd2703308869cddc799fc918f1e4a1afee", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification is valid for three years unless withdrawn or canceled earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "a3916b59-7f26-51fa-a11c-13ae9a02a924", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Certification shall be valid for a period of three years following the date of certification unless the certification is withdrawn or canceled before the expiration of that period.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "28732d7d49d261535cb566e89e7238497c45dd687e8627486f632d3743c2d448", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program applications, actual addresses, waiver proceedings, and state/local agency address use are covered by confidentiality and substitute-address rules.", "fetch_event_id": "a3916b59-7f26-51fa-a11c-13ae9a02a924", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "These records, including program applications, participants' actual addresses and waiver proceedings, shall be kept confidential and shall not be subject to the provisions of the act of June 21, 1957 (P.L.390, No.212), referred to as the Right-to-Know Law", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "28732d7d49d261535cb566e89e7238497c45dd687e8627486f632d3743c2d448", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#PA.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "e1395ec7-6bb0-561a-82a8-8487a43e6a8e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A person who lawfully obtains a program participant's actual address pursuant to an\n exception contained in section 6708 (relating to disclosure of actual address) and\n who subsequently discloses or uses the actual address in a manner not authorized by\n this chapter commits a summary offense.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "28732d7d49d261535cb566e89e7238497c45dd687e8627486f632d3743c2d448", "source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address who controls the name shown in a county assessor portal.", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "34-11-37 protects the grantee's right to sell and a subsequent transferee from liability to “any undisclosed beneficiary” when the trust terms are not set forth in the recorded instrument -- a protective/enabling provision for an undisclosed-beneficiary structure, not itself a disclosure mandate (contrast AZ 33-404, UT 75B-2-816).", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "any person to whom the real estate or interest therein has been transferred by the grantee shall not be liable for the claim of any undisclosed beneficiary", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "34-11-37 contemplates the grantee's conveyance instrument being “duly executed and recorded,” optionally referencing a separately “recorded instrument which sets forth [the trust's] terms and the place in the public records where [that] instrument is recorded” -- a record-reference mechanism, not a requirement that the trust terms themselves appear on the conveyance.", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "to specify a recorded instrument which sets forth its terms and the place in the public records where the instrument is recorded", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address whose name appears on the tax roll.", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Rhode Island has a deed-to-trustee mechanism under R.I. Gen. Laws § 34-11-37, which governs title to real property. It is not a dedicated land-trust act.", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The word “trustee” or the words “as trustee” or words of similar meaning, following the name of the grantee of real estate or any interest therein conveyed", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "R.I. Gen. Laws 34-11-37 gives legal effect to a recorded conveyance naming the grantee “trustee” or “as trustee” even where the instrument does not itself state the trust's terms, provided it may instead specify a recorded instrument stating those terms -- a deed-to-trustee mechanism parallel to OR 93.210 and IA 614.14.", "fetch_event_id": "4ea52636-a2f7-5a67-bdaf-6b29e4259d6d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "shall not affect the right of such grantee to sell or otherwise dispose of the real estate or interest therein in the same manner as if the word “trustee” or the words “as trustee” had not been used in the instrument", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "046034d44dde230449631ee408303ff92b3924d48f1c13999b52215cfb14929e", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "RI ACP applicants are certified for five years and may apply for renewal.", "fetch_event_id": "7716eb3e-cfb6-56e8-9bfd-ef0b263d4b90", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for five (5) years following the date of filing, at which time the applicant may apply for renewal.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ffa9966beb13bc7f4a039e281318337a0b221e9c9169c2130b1c66afe401fdb5", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-3.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "RI ACP covers state/local public records using substitute addresses, Secretary of State ACP records, and court or administrative-tribunal records containing actual addresses.", "fetch_event_id": "03ae0d58-0b7d-5734-a774-fc374ac26f95", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "When creating, modifying, or maintaining a public record, state and local agencies shall accept the substitute address when the program participant provides documentation of certification in the program.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f5a6c53c8f6957509d51355e9371d3f3670d3af1432255e3b6574a78c7b145ad", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-5.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#RI.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Agencies receiving a waiver must keep actual addresses confidential by redacting them before record release, subject to specified waiver/court-order exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "03ae0d58-0b7d-5734-a774-fc374ac26f95", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Any agency receiving a waiver shall maintain the confidentiality of the program participant’s address by redacting the actual address when the record is released to any person", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f5a6c53c8f6957509d51355e9371d3f3670d3af1432255e3b6574a78c7b145ad", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-5.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "76739659-5ae9-5925-b83d-bebca2b129e7", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "each lot or parcel of real property in cities, villages, and towns is contained in a line or lines opposite the name of the owner of it", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f0800aef4c63980f3dd1b8122e839ac60b4e160e19c1cebf64c555f33fbbe379", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t12c039.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: the certificate of trust need not contain the trust's dispositive terms, so recording it for a real-property transaction does not disclose beneficiaries.", "fetch_event_id": "3892169c-5af6-5a75-94ce-7249119c5e0a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certification of trust need not contain the dispositive terms of a trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1eb55e5dcb8ee6cf35570f38e7e59743d7dfb7e0e6d68f897360a61a856cd49d", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Register of Deeds or Clerk of Court record shows the recorded certificate of trust (settlor, trust name, trust date, current trustee(s), trust address, and title-vesting manner) for a real-property transaction, not the trust's dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "3892169c-5af6-5a75-94ce-7249119c5e0a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "In a transaction involving title to real property, the certificate of trust must be executed and acknowledged in a manner that permits its recordation in the Office of the Register of Deeds or Clerk of Court in the county in which the real property is located.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1eb55e5dcb8ee6cf35570f38e7e59743d7dfb7e0e6d68f897360a61a856cd49d", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "In South Carolina, property held in a trust is listed and assessed as the property of the trustee, styled as trustee, committee or guardian as the case may be (S.C. Code § 12-37-740(3)).", "fetch_event_id": "62fe6847-38e6-55fe-8245-f1286462f1ff", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(3) in case of a trust, the property shall be listed and assessed as the property of the trustee, styled as trustee, committee or guardian, as the case may be", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c8d239f14fb1c1b6f68bdf6174cf6a71be19271628df2174659b7122a1eeaff0", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t12c037.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Real-property trust-title mechanism without a dedicated land-trust act: a certification of trust under § 62-7-1013(a) includes the manner of taking title to trust property and is recordable for real-property transactions under subsection (j).", "fetch_event_id": "3892169c-5af6-5a75-94ce-7249119c5e0a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the manner of taking title to trust property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1eb55e5dcb8ee6cf35570f38e7e59743d7dfb7e0e6d68f897360a61a856cd49d", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "The statutory certificate-of-trust form states the manner of taking title to trust property for real-property transactions.", "fetch_event_id": "3892169c-5af6-5a75-94ce-7249119c5e0a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The proper manner for taking title to Trust property is: [Name(s) of all current trustees], Trustee [Name of trust], dated [Date of trust]", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1eb55e5dcb8ee6cf35570f38e7e59743d7dfb7e0e6d68f897360a61a856cd49d", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Permanent order duration is judge-determined; an emergency order lasts until the restraining-order hearing and ends if no permanent order is sought within forty-five days.", "fetch_event_id": "8be9e58b-7526-5c9c-8196-8accb059c641", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A permanent restraining order remains in effect for a period of time to be determined by the judge.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "82a306a5970665b533de102087d0d16158a74bac52bc91dcd2ee4d8ee06b0fd2", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Covered systems are court-filed permanent and emergency restraining-order records plus FOIA requests for the sealed complainant address and law-enforcement handling of that address.", "fetch_event_id": "8be9e58b-7526-5c9c-8196-8accb059c641", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The complainant's address must be kept under seal, omitted from all documents filed with the court, and is not subject to Freedom of Information Act requests pursuant to Section 30-4-10, et seq.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "82a306a5970665b533de102087d0d16158a74bac52bc91dcd2ee4d8ee06b0fd2", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SC.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The complainant address is sealed, omitted from court filings, and exempt from FOIA; no separate third-party republication purge duty is stated.", "fetch_event_id": "8be9e58b-7526-5c9c-8196-8accb059c641", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The complainant's address must be kept under seal, omitted from all documents filed with the court, and is not subject to Freedom of Information Act requests pursuant to Section 30-4-10, et seq.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "82a306a5970665b533de102087d0d16158a74bac52bc91dcd2ee4d8ee06b0fd2", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust assessor-portal rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to.", "fetch_event_id": "27b7723f-e89b-5839-9985-1cce82bef2fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a847a11e519774ce7d168f5624a75db9a1eb61f687ca2380b047047a6b56333", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; §§47-14A-1/17/19 define beneficial owner and undivided interest but create no land-trust-specific public disclosure trigger.", "fetch_event_id": "5a3dce75-f737-5c22-a6aa-95337ea497ab", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0f67dc9516ddb6c851d6ee71931c8f52ed095f348d5cf48ca35a060ddbe592be", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-1", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the cited business-trust sections address trustee title and business-trust property, not county recorder display fields.", "fetch_event_id": "27b7723f-e89b-5839-9985-1cce82bef2fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a847a11e519774ce7d168f5624a75db9a1eb61f687ca2380b047047a6b56333", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.", "fetch_event_id": "27b7723f-e89b-5839-9985-1cce82bef2fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a847a11e519774ce7d168f5624a75db9a1eb61f687ca2380b047047a6b56333", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust type found; the business trust is a generic common-law entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type.", "fetch_event_id": "5a3dce75-f737-5c22-a6aa-95337ea497ab", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A business trust may be organized to carry on any lawful business or activity, whether or not conducted for profit, or for any of the purposes referred to in subsection (a) of this subdivision (including, without limitation, for the purpose of holding or otherwise taking title to property, whether in an active or custodial capacity)", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0f67dc9516ddb6c851d6ee71931c8f52ed095f348d5cf48ca35a060ddbe592be", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-1", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No South Dakota land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; §47-14A-22's trustee legal-title provision is generic business-trust property language, and beneficial interest is expressly personal property.", "fetch_event_id": "c0ae30a3-f0a3-5f85-87b6-89ee692dff36", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A beneficial owner's beneficial interest in the business trust is personal property notwithstanding the nature of the property of the trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf0a1ae42f1fb39c2814f278b7757fa30d1da9cc9f924600493e4e3acbffd7d9", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-19", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A secured active designation remains effective for five years.", "fetch_event_id": "616c1d08-2ba8-5c63-9159-f549de62e0fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A secured active designation remains in effect for five years.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "db4cb96330ffa4bc57621cdcb8c912cc2e202f3b96a89ee9daed3d016e0c90a8", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The secured-active designation applies to the master registration file and excludes the secured voter record from public inspection or copying, with stated exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "616c1d08-2ba8-5c63-9159-f549de62e0fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A voter record with a secured active designation shall be excluded from public inspection or copying", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "db4cb96330ffa4bc57621cdcb8c912cc2e202f3b96a89ee9daed3d016e0c90a8", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#SD.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The reviewed SD secured-active designation source set does not state a third-party republication or downstream takedown duty.", "fetch_event_id": "616c1d08-2ba8-5c63-9159-f549de62e0fa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "db4cb96330ffa4bc57621cdcb8c912cc2e202f3b96a89ee9daed3d016e0c90a8", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TN.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "0a96d86a-2638-53e5-bb51-2f3e5050142f", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "the assessor shall note upon the assessor's records the current classification and assessed valuation of all taxable property within the assessor's jurisdiction;", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c1b2d30cf3fbfd0965ae96063b85e5e5c7bd0e631f4cba47c57ec3d07c757233", "source_url": 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or owners, if known (Tenn. Code Ann. § 67-5-804(a)).", "fetch_event_id": "13d12b61-c443-532a-ab00-be05ca76532f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "For purposes of assessment of real property, each assessor shall keep a record for each parcel of taxable real property in the assessor's taxing jurisdiction, which shall show the following: (1) The description of the property; (2) The name of the true owner or owners, if known;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5726091632d2970db49bdda216053dad7868436f12b363473e490feae8611b54", "source_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=67-5-502", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TN.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "9780481b-5fd9-5924-a436-0c511feb1f18", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "35-15-401. 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"public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Collect trust property and accept or reject additions to the trust property from a settlor or any other person;", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd1f03d5f4d85baf1fe97ced724d2942393b94991144d4e6a1a4fc2256ce9764", "source_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=35-15-816", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TN.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "Tennessee's address confidentiality certification is valid for four years from the date the application is filed, unless it is withdrawn or invalidated earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "dcaa225f-7138-5682-9f5b-4aa2ce984254", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Program participation certification shall be valid for four (4) years following the date of filing of\n the application by the Office of the Secretary of State, unless participation is otherwise\n withdrawn or invalidated prior to the end of the four year term.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "154607bcd67e5ba31a12813fe5d29dfc63f3bdf46019ee28fd6aa18cfe2d4066", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/rules/1360/1360-11/1360-11-01.20241208.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Tennessee government entity must accept a program participant's substitute address once the participant asks and shows proof of certification, unless the program's own part of the code says otherwise.", "fetch_event_id": "97b0fe17-5220-5149-982a-bcc1f235b72c", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Except as otherwise provided by this part, if the program participant requests that a governmental entity use the substitute address and provides evidence of certification as a program participant, the governmental entity shall accept the substitute address.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "58c9ceee2f5a36810b58a42c995a01c6eb0ba624d76b73a5f8715ce7b8ca4b2c", "source_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=40-38-606", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TN.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Tennessee state or local agency must redact a program participant's confidential address from a public record created within 30 days before the application, or change it to the substitute address, if the participant shows proof of certification and asks the agency that holds the record.", "fetch_event_id": "097302cb-3c72-5aea-8bc7-5e1079c9d8df", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(g) For any public record created within thirty (30) days prior to the date that a\n program participant applied to be certified in the program, a state or local\n governmental agency shall redact the confidential address from a public record or\n change the confidential address to the substitute address in the public record, if a\n program participant presents evidence of program certification and requests the\n agency that maintains the public record to use the substitute address instead of the\n confidential address on the public record.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "83608e87f84dcd3b4b02cf4152c3045f1d22aaa56570f98167821748dd13fd1b", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/110/pub/pc1004.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address county appraisal-district assessor-portal display; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields.", "fetch_event_id": "3071824d-89bd-5435-91ad-7f5e5eb2d346", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the name and address of the owner or, if the name or address is unknown, a statement that it is unknown;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6d623a5e0baf8217b2d1289352f72ee19ee42af0001f73183d8fc267f8b01dcc", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TX/htm/TX.25.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas Property Code § 114.086(d) provides a certification of trust is not required to contain the trust's dispositive terms; § 114.086(j) preserves the right to obtain the full trust instrument only in a judicial proceeding — no public beneficiary-disclosure trigger outside litigation.", "fetch_event_id": "74cfd8a5-7bc7-5c3c-bbe5-d47015eb39d9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certification of trust: (1) is not required to contain the dispositive terms of a trust; and (2) may contain information in addition to the information required by Subsection (a).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0932ec005cba3598b5102ae58470adaf1987f553bc22b620f8f3e3587ab86a98", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "When a § 114.086 certification of trust is recorded in the county where the trust's real property is located, Texas Property Code § 114.087(d) establishes that the recorded document is presumed to correctly identify the trust and the trustee.", "fetch_event_id": "74cfd8a5-7bc7-5c3c-bbe5-d47015eb39d9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A document purporting to be a certification of trust under Section 114.086 that is recorded in the county in which real property of the trust is located is presumed to correctly identify the trust and the trustee and may be relied upon by a good faith purchaser or lender for value.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0932ec005cba3598b5102ae58470adaf1987f553bc22b620f8f3e3587ab86a98", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address the taxpayer name shown on the appraisal roll; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields.", "fetch_event_id": "3071824d-89bd-5435-91ad-7f5e5eb2d346", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the name and address of the owner or, if the name or address is unknown, a statement that it is unknown;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6d623a5e0baf8217b2d1289352f72ee19ee42af0001f73183d8fc267f8b01dcc", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TX/htm/TX.25.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas does not use a separate 'land trust' statutory label; any express trust under the Texas Trust Code may use a Property Code § 114.086 certification of trust, which under § 114.087(d) functions as Texas's real-property trust-title mechanism when recorded.", "fetch_event_id": "74cfd8a5-7bc7-5c3c-bbe5-d47015eb39d9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "As an alternative to providing a copy of the trust instrument to a person other than a beneficiary, the trustee may provide to the person a certification of trust containing the following information:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0932ec005cba3598b5102ae58470adaf1987f553bc22b620f8f3e3587ab86a98", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas Property Code § 114.087(a) provides that the trustee — not the trust itself — is considered the named party to a recorded instrument naming the trust, unless the trust is a legal entity under state law.", "fetch_event_id": "74cfd8a5-7bc7-5c3c-bbe5-d47015eb39d9", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The trustee of a trust is considered for all purposes to be the named party to an instrument that names the trust as a party to the instrument in any capacity, unless the trust is a legal entity under state law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0932ec005cba3598b5102ae58470adaf1987f553bc22b620f8f3e3587ab86a98", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas ACP certification expires on the third anniversary and may be renewed; Tax Code home-address restriction remains valid until rescinded in writing.", "fetch_event_id": "d3df9f3a-7416-5d73-b161-45464499012d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A certification under this article expires on the third anniversary of the date of certification.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0e878e7ebf88f17b97ab702ed5a0977ae6aa6cb57bb3cccb093f322f6ffa70cc", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas ACP substitute P.O. box must be accepted by state/local agencies unless an exception applies; appraisal records have home-address confidentiality and internet-posting restrictions for stated categories.", "fetch_event_id": "d3df9f3a-7416-5d73-b161-45464499012d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "a state or local agency must accept the substitute post office box address designated by the attorney general", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0e878e7ebf88f17b97ab702ed5a0977ae6aa6cb57bb3cccb093f322f6ffa70cc", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#TX.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Texas ACP participant information is confidential and recipients of true address disclosures must protect confidentiality; Tax Code appraisal records also limit public access/posting, with no broader third-party internet republication duty stated in the reviewed sources.", "fetch_event_id": "d3df9f3a-7416-5d73-b161-45464499012d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A person to whom a participant's true residential, business, or school address is disclosed under this article shall maintain the requested information in a manner that protects the confidentiality of the participant's true residential, business, or school address.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"source_sha256": "e25d856fa15fa0d0ca1815de49b38af1d6e6654ae54bdebac8df97d8c175faf2", "source_url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title28/html/USCODE-2024-title28-partIII.htm", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#US-federal.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Covered information includes home address, personal contact, SSN/driver license, financial, vehicle, child, birthdate, school/day-care, and employment-location information; government agencies must remove covered information from publicly available content after request.", "fetch_event_id": "a0d7571e-e7d5-5ce2-a5c5-3c9310ef6367", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Government agencies shall not publicly post or display publicly available content that includes covered information of an at-risk individual or immediate family member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7618386588e8d43e5fb43f4a2296cc09072c4df78dd84aefcacc4711c0f8c6c5", "source_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?edition=prelim&path=%2Fprelim%40title28%2Fpart3", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#US-federal.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "After a written request, covered businesses/persons must remove covered information from controlled sites, assist locating other controlled instances, and must not transfer the covered information except within stated exceptions.", "fetch_event_id": "a0d7571e-e7d5-5ce2-a5c5-3c9310ef6367", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "after receiving a written request under paragraph (1)(B), the person, business, or association shall not transfer the covered information of the at-risk individual or immediate family member to any other person, business, or association through any medium.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7618386588e8d43e5fb43f4a2296cc09072c4df78dd84aefcacc4711c0f8c6c5", "source_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?edition=prelim&path=%2Fprelim%40title28%2Fpart3", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Utah trust or land-trust property was identified in the reviewed source set.", "fetch_event_id": "bd54d456-775e-5f9c-8225-04bf7607be2d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "eede3af2fd8b691e0df2a0f9d2c234514200c5f969029ea1ac41ea40259c1141", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title59/Chapter2/C59-2_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No land-trust-specific beneficiary disclosure trigger was identified in the reviewed Utah trust, business-trust, conveyance, and property-tax source set.", "fetch_event_id": "1f1c5d04-911a-57dc-9784-044b3f657fac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "11f5d9ce419f70528f7619f02c7da3e6da4ff69df880d63f0f402d51ea2fe1c3", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "When title to real property is held in trust, Utah Code 75B-2-816(3) requires the recorded deed or instrument to recite the trustee's name and address and the trust's name and date; 75B-2-814(3)(c) separately requires the same identifying information on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest -- the county recorder's record reflects these recitals.", "fetch_event_id": "1f1c5d04-911a-57dc-9784-044b3f657fac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The terms of the trust recited in the deed of transfer or the instrument recorded under Subsection (1)(b) shall include:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "11f5d9ce419f70528f7619f02c7da3e6da4ff69df880d63f0f402d51ea2fe1c3", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Utah property-tax source text defines the assessment roll and uses the owner address shown on the last assessment roll for notice.", "fetch_event_id": "bd54d456-775e-5f9c-8225-04bf7607be2d", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "owner's post office address, as shown on the last assessment roll of the county in which the real estate is located", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "eede3af2fd8b691e0df2a0f9d2c234514200c5f969029ea1ac41ea40259c1141", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title59/Chapter2/C59-2_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Utah Code § 75B-2-816 establishes a real-property title-holding trust mechanism: title is granted to a person as trustee, and the trust terms are stated in the deed or a separately recorded instrument. Section 75B-2-1013's general definition of a certification of trust provides background.", "fetch_event_id": "1f1c5d04-911a-57dc-9784-044b3f657fac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "When title to real property is granted to a person as trustee, the terms of the trust may be given either:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "11f5d9ce419f70528f7619f02c7da3e6da4ff69df880d63f0f402d51ea2fe1c3", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Utah Code 75B-2-814(3)(c) requires the trustee's name and address (plus the trust's name/date) on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest; 75B-2-816(3) separately requires the same identifying terms be recited in the deed of transfer or a recorded instrument when title is held in trust.", "fetch_event_id": "1f1c5d04-911a-57dc-9784-044b3f657fac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "After May 11, 2010, for recording purposes, the name of the trustee, the address of the trustee, and the name and date of the trust, shall be included on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "11f5d9ce419f70528f7619f02c7da3e6da4ff69df880d63f0f402d51ea2fe1c3", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Program enrollment lasts four years from grant unless withdrawn or cancelled, with renewal available before expiration.", "fetch_event_id": "ebb49c6c-b397-5308-94db-e506374275ac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant is enrolled in the program for four years beginning on the day on which the enrollment is granted", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d0873ddf29fd2fb65a0495385aef9416d5e841886453562a076a3358c1af08fa", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State/local public records can be redacted or changed to the assigned address; property assessments, tax notices, and property correspondence use the assigned address for participants.", "fetch_event_id": "ebb49c6c-b397-5308-94db-e506374275ac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "state or local government entity shall redact the actual address from the record or change the actual address to the assigned address in the public record", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d0873ddf29fd2fb65a0495385aef9416d5e841886453562a076a3358c1af08fa", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#UT.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Government entities granted access to the actual address must limit use/access and maintain confidentiality except as permitted in the disclosure request.", "fetch_event_id": "ebb49c6c-b397-5308-94db-e506374275ac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If a request for disclosure is granted by the department, a state or local government entity shall: limit use of the program participant's actual address to the purpose stated in the disclosure;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d0873ddf29fd2fb65a0495385aef9416d5e841886453562a076a3358c1af08fa", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "1ff81b99-704b-5bd0-a80f-ddcc2e1d9fc2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The land books may be produced in one of the following forms: (i) paper; (ii) microfilm, microfiche, or any other microphotographic process; or (iii) electronic process.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c37cc8d00ff818d1272bf40b15e55818176286c0ba02cfc0d0abdf505a356030", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/58.1-3301/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Virginia statute describes a recorded deed of conveyance to a trustee in which no beneficiaries are specified by name or no duties are imposed upon the trustee.", "fetch_event_id": "d57b0b33-7924-56ed-a1fe-fff860abb896", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "because no beneficiaries are specified by name in the recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee or because no duties are imposed upon the trustee.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a24d09b5b79bca0ce8c0c886972b992d9a96c1e8a8846725cd8d73c63cac2550", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under the Virginia statute, where a deed of conveyance to a trustee is recorded, the interest of the beneficiaries is deemed personal property.", "fetch_event_id": "d57b0b33-7924-56ed-a1fe-fff860abb896", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "In any case under this section where there is a recorded deed of conveyance to a trustee, the interest of the beneficiaries thereunder shall be deemed to be personal property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a24d09b5b79bca0ce8c0c886972b992d9a96c1e8a8846725cd8d73c63cac2550", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "a9a4c7db-892a-53ab-a897-a6f447d7cce2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "the owner of real estate on that day shall be assessed for the taxes for the year beginning on that day", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b4d11622fc4fea18aa7d26ea635161504c71bed1f941440b328b235d5c3da80b", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/58.1-3281/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Under the Virginia statute, a trust relating to real estate does not fail, and a use relating to real estate is not defeated, because the recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee names no beneficiaries or imposes no duties on the trustee.", "fetch_event_id": "d57b0b33-7924-56ed-a1fe-fff860abb896", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No trust relating to real estate shall fail nor shall any use relating to real estate be defeated because no beneficiaries are specified by name in the recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee or because no duties are imposed upon the trustee.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a24d09b5b79bca0ce8c0c886972b992d9a96c1e8a8846725cd8d73c63cac2550", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Virginia statute refers to a recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee.", "fetch_event_id": "d57b0b33-7924-56ed-a1fe-fff860abb896", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a24d09b5b79bca0ce8c0c886972b992d9a96c1e8a8846725cd8d73c63cac2550", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "A Virginia applicant is certified for three years from the date of approval, unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before then, and a program participant may apply to be recertified every three years.", "fetch_event_id": "9acb680c-754b-5134-a2ba-5f3937504df6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "An applicant shall be certified for three years following the date of the approval, unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date. A program participant may apply to be recertified every three years.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f64d5223930428775f302b1f546bbbee604c5df19d14382fef48a3e61f134e24", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title2.2/chapter5/section2.2-515.2/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Virginia circuit court clerk may provide secure remote access to a land record that does not comply with the statute's provisions and with the secure remote access standards developed by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency.", "fetch_event_id": "33305f1b-092c-5dce-8c5b-69e98bd8e08b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No circuit court clerk shall provide secure remote access to any land record that does not comply with the provisions of this section and the secure remote access standards developed by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency in consultation with the circuit court clerks, the Executive Secretary of the Supreme Court, the Compensation Board, and users of land and other court records.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6350b742945df5e054ac6cfd91ffabd7e33a4c0a8c3e275e13e092cac16820c", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title17.1/chapter2/section17.1-294/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VA.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The Virginia address confidentiality statute and the circuit-court clerk and land-record sections consulted do not state a republication duty or a duty to purge third-party records that were already reposted.", "fetch_event_id": "9acb680c-754b-5134-a2ba-5f3937504df6", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": null, "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f64d5223930428775f302b1f546bbbee604c5df19d14382fef48a3e61f134e24", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title2.2/chapter5/section2.2-515.2/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "0e3b6042-37e4-559e-a65c-b761c00fa9d6", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Many towns and their websites have assessment information and property record cards\n online.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b2a27865f8cf4b849ca1dbdc52229480a25449f93b924d73f671d3ae383435c3", "source_url": "https://tax.vermont.gov/sites/tax/files/documents/GB-1143.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 1013(a) lets a trustee substitute a certificate -- setting forth less than all trust-instrument provisions -- for the full instrument when dealing with a person other than a beneficiary; the certificate's required contents (trust name/date, settlor and trustee identity, an authorizing-powers abstract, and revocation/amendment/court-supervision statements) do not include beneficiary names or dispositive terms.", "fetch_event_id": "851b16c6-9d5e-5688-8034-897cce71770e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Instead of furnishing a copy of the trust instrument to a person other than a beneficiary, the trustee of a trust at any time after execution or creation of a trust may execute a certificate of trust that sets forth less than all of the provisions of a trust instrument and any amendments to the instrument.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7a47615fbdb635a6e8b29b7936ffcd98790ab87565ea97449611a097f98d7d96", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "When recorded in the municipal land records under § 1013(b), the certificate of trust documents the trust's existence, the trustee's identity and powers, and any limitations on those powers -- standing in for the full trust instrument -- not the trust's dispositive or beneficiary terms.", "fetch_event_id": "851b16c6-9d5e-5688-8034-897cce71770e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the certificate of trust serves to document the existence of the trust, the identity of the trustee, the powers of the trustee and any limitations on those powers, and other matters set forth in the certificate of trust, as though the full trust instrument had been recorded, filed, or presented.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7a47615fbdb635a6e8b29b7936ffcd98790ab87565ea97449611a097f98d7d96", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": "In Vermont, real estate held in trust must be listed to the trustee or trustees (Vermont Department of Taxes, Lister and Assessor Handbook, GB-1143).", "fetch_event_id": "f6ae66e1-1096-5123-98f6-ae57684f9083", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Real estate held in trust must be listed to the trustee(s).", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b2a27865f8cf4b849ca1dbdc52229480a25449f93b924d73f671d3ae383435c3", "source_url": "https://tax.vermont.gov/sites/tax/files/documents/GB-1143.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Vermont real-property trust-title mechanism under 14A V.S.A. § 1013(a)-(b): a trustee may execute a certificate of trust in place of the full trust instrument, and that certificate may itself be used as evidence of the trustee's authority to convey or transfer title to real or personal property. Not a dedicated land-trust act.", "fetch_event_id": "851b16c6-9d5e-5688-8034-897cce71770e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The certificate of trust may be used as evidence of authority to sell, convey, pledge, mortgage, lease, or transfer title to any interest in real or personal property.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7a47615fbdb635a6e8b29b7936ffcd98790ab87565ea97449611a097f98d7d96", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 1013(a)(5)-(6): the certificate that evidences a trustee's authority over title must itself name and give the address of each trustee currently empowered to act, with an abstract of the trustee's authorizing powers; Vermont does not separately prescribe a deed-recital title format beyond this certificate mechanism.", "fetch_event_id": "851b16c6-9d5e-5688-8034-897cce71770e", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the name and address of each trustee empowered to act under the trust instrument at the time of execution of the certificate", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7a47615fbdb635a6e8b29b7936ffcd98790ab87565ea97449611a097f98d7d96", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Certification lasts four years from filing unless withdrawn or canceled earlier.", "fetch_event_id": "3f6f7a1b-b74e-5053-8f8e-821be5a3dd19", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or canceled before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "825d239d78e664b22b89c44cf31ba31d221663e586ff6920084cd919c01ff8f0", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/15/021/01152", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local government agencies must accept the Safe at Home substitute address for public records unless a waiver or statutory exception applies.", "fetch_event_id": "96d8838b-a608-5585-a230-ef44fdf7e85f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "State and local government agencies must accept the Safe at Home substitute address for any public record unless the agency has received prior approval from the Office of the Secretary of State for a waiver or statutory exception.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "bf456f6a441a9a75239540920e357bbe423cf3b8f288e0e7d2dd762480e577df", "source_url": "https://sos.vermont.gov/secretary-of-state-services/safe-at-home", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#VT.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "When an agency receives an actual-address waiver, the agency must redact the actual address when releasing the record.", "fetch_event_id": "a9d4c572-0f79-5e8b-920a-5630d31db282", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "If granted a waiver, the agency shall maintain the confidentiality of the Program participant’s address by redacting the actual address when the record is released to any person.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d2f7551dfb0acb4932ee86739c3f92697336282c86cdcb725a2c43abe9d016b4", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/15/021/01154", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "522a4a19-871e-5d95-8362-db2a7040f012", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Property tax is administered by local governments. County assessors value and assess the tax and county treasurers collect it.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0f135c64d431de629415ae9c7b9254abe67c166b2a3a79a0949297cbdfdb082c", "source_url": "https://dor.wa.gov/taxes-rates/property-tax/county-assessor-and-treasurer-websites", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "RCW 11.98.075 allows certification of trust to a non-beneficiary instead of the trust instrument; RCW 64.04.010 addresses written evidence of interests in trust-held real estate.", "fetch_event_id": "d434ffd1-bae2-530c-b425-466a860d2077", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Instead of furnishing a copy of the trust instrument to a person other than a beneficiary, the trustee may furnish to the person a certification of trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "af36b32918f1576a53933bce54d0baeb6ef455cde0dc803fcbac796b27d924dc", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=11.98.075", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "The recorder-facing source addresses deeds and encumbrances, trust terms of record, and certificates or written evidence of trust-held real-estate interests.", "fetch_event_id": "9fb5d85c-2632-5666-a836-4e075252bafb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "instrument creating such trust authorizes the issuance of certificates or written evidence of any interest in said real estate under said trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fdcf6a8f340c1651612f0cb646069f85dcc1a6d395249ba945e1a506b86a27f5", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "411eb7d7-bb07-5434-9fb8-c8b4d51739ea", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "showing the names and owners, if to him or her known and if unknown, so stated", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "9a614a9f64e4aaf5adc6398a293cbd3da8e6d1435da35e515ae0c7ff4cf83297", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=84.40.160", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "RCW 64.04.010 addresses real estate or interests held in trust when the trust terms are of record.", "fetch_event_id": "9fb5d85c-2632-5666-a836-4e075252bafb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "when real estate, or any interest therein, is held in trust", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fdcf6a8f340c1651612f0cb646069f85dcc1a6d395249ba945e1a506b86a27f5", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "RCW 64.04.010 addresses real estate held in trust where the trust terms are of record; it does not prescribe a separate deed-title wording formula.", "fetch_event_id": "9fb5d85c-2632-5666-a836-4e075252bafb", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the terms and conditions of which trust are of record", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fdcf6a8f340c1651612f0cb646069f85dcc1a6d395249ba945e1a506b86a27f5", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "fetch_event_id": "c10d49d0-b8a6-51a8-bdd0-25e4bb1def23", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Applicants shall be certified for four years following the date of filing unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before that date.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e51bec5718fc06421e90417437fdafb8d741e5879e01515b2da87874378d3020", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=40.24.030", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Washington ACP applies a substitute address in government records and includes nondisclosure rules for voter lists and vehicle/vessel records; SOS guidance identifies public-record examples and a property-purchase pathway.", "fetch_event_id": "b0e21264-bf61-5257-88f9-734a97273412", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Public records are documents such as driver's licenses, voter registries and marriage records.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ab7d8d46169dd7400f3cf7cb0aabd46a62a183c4ab3b5964317253fbb1b935d3", "source_url": "https://www.sos.wa.gov/statewide-programs/address-confidentiality-program-acp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WA.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Washington statutes prohibit specified disclosures of ACP participant records and vehicle/vessel identifying information except through statutory exceptions or court order.", "fetch_event_id": "bdcd000c-d333-5fe3-bd69-3a323e6e5221", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The department of licensing, county auditors, or agencies or firms authorized by the department of licensing may not disclose the name, any address, vehicle make, vehicle model, vehicle year, vehicle identification number, vessel make and model, vessel model year, hull identification number, vessel document number, vessel registration number, vessel decal number, or license plate number associated with a program participant", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "94d1b2bcc38184f3e2032d0a3d40c9e80d80825ab6ec6764302d425e5651260b", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=40.24.110", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wisconsin counties may assign a real property lister to maintain parcel ownership and description information.", "fetch_event_id": "6f15115a-1b2b-5368-8b44-a3ed19a96797", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "To prepare and maintain accurate ownership and description information for all parcels of real property in the county.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "25b91d9e6c64d8b0bd405bae5b90be7c5c9ddc068f5607e5e31a68c964189754", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/70.09", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific beneficiary-disclosure trigger was found in the reviewed trust, conveyance, assessment, and official-search source set.", "fetch_event_id": "c418f124-0fb6-5620-af65-84d20d4c670c", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Identifies the parties; and", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "04dc13c0f28bf42c5376557b6936f87643380123fc83176c50bad41e1caccbe6", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/706", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wisconsin register-of-deeds law defines recorded documents to include deeds, mortgages, instruments, or writings.", "fetch_event_id": "55e0e826-227e-52f9-bf96-fe473dd5264f", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "“Document” includes a deed, mortgage, instrument, or writing.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "45bb093eb61ed9edd2f300c1152e466bc0e575176e12f6e0b306e702fbf3f131", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/59.43", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wisconsin assessment rolls are entered opposite the name of the person to whom the parcel is assessed.", "fetch_event_id": "15b5b020-1fe0-5510-9449-013fb35074aa", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The assessor shall enter upon the assessment roll opposite to the name of the person to whom assessed", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "40bd40f209c8b73d027dfe767e206abbb2fa32dd6fc3d78ffb0423e9abe51edf", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/70.23", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific trust type was found; general trust-law provisions were treated as negative context under method-lt.", "fetch_event_id": "37590a45-6225-545d-b8d0-34fcff5b1954", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Results 1 to 10 of 300 for '\"land trust\"'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "78931ad99d061b988fde0d262d261c9d21307f6b09bf17d99e9365220581b68a", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/search/results?q=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; general conveyance law was treated as negative context under method-lt.", "fetch_event_id": "37590a45-6225-545d-b8d0-34fcff5b1954", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Results 1 to 10 of 300 for '\"land trust\"'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "78931ad99d061b988fde0d262d261c9d21307f6b09bf17d99e9365220581b68a", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/search/results?q=%22land%20trust%22", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wisconsin ACP enrollment lasts five years unless cancelled or disenrolled.", "fetch_event_id": "b9cf92c4-d4eb-5718-9a9b-af120c06be2b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant remains enrolled in the program for 5 years, unless he or she cancels his or her participation under subd. 4. f. or is disenrolled under subd. 4. e.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8e928c69c530844f410916aba6890dc57e41cea7380624a3015f33b9dd75ff18", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State and local agencies and units of government generally must use a program participant’s assigned address for official business.", "fetch_event_id": "b9cf92c4-d4eb-5718-9a9b-af120c06be2b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No state or local agency or unit of government may refuse to use a program participant’s assigned address for any official business, unless a specific statutory duty requires the agency or unit of government to use the participant’s actual address.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8e928c69c530844f410916aba6890dc57e41cea7380624a3015f33b9dd75ff18", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WI.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "No separate republication-removal duty was found; the reviewed ACP text instead prohibits required disclosure and intentional disclosure of an actual address.", "fetch_event_id": "b9cf92c4-d4eb-5718-9a9b-af120c06be2b", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "No person who has received a notification form from a program participant may refuse to use the assigned address for the program participant, may require a program participant to disclose his or her actual address, or may intentionally disclose to another person the actual address of a program participant.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8e928c69c530844f410916aba6890dc57e41cea7380624a3015f33b9dd75ff18", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "4cae3a08-2d18-5549-b980-b5353db68e57", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The application is a collaborative effort of the WV Property Tax Division and WV GIS Technical Center.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "823bcad87b38d4f972f312ec1321a0c7f6efacb4737df9b35fda87c7b7fe9836", "source_url": "https://www.mapwv.gov/assessment/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 36-1-4a(a)(2)(i)-(ii) requires only the trust's existence/date and the settlor's and trustee's (and any successor trustee's) names and mailing addresses -- no beneficiary names are required in the recordable memorandum.", "fetch_event_id": "11d5cdca-ca2d-5e00-9674-9499de3b16b3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The names and mailing addresses of the settlor or settlors and of the currently acting trustee or trustees of the trust, the names and mailing addresses of any successor trustee or trustees, and the circumstances under which any successor trustee or trustees will assume trust powers", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "75bbbdd0327314e56178db2f4729401a1f80cfdeeeb4a6382ac05e7551869e40", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 36-1-4a(d): upon presentation and fee payment, the clerk of the county commission records the memorandum of trust with the deed records and lists it in the grantor index under the settlor's name and the grantee index under the trustee's name; § 36-1-4a(c) states the recorded memorandum is notice only of the information it contains.", "fetch_event_id": "11d5cdca-ca2d-5e00-9674-9499de3b16b3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the clerk shall record the memorandum of trust with the records of deeds and list it in the grantor index under the name of the settlor or settlors and in the grantee index under the names of the then-acting trustee or trustees", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "75bbbdd0327314e56178db2f4729401a1f80cfdeeeb4a6382ac05e7551869e40", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": null, "display": null, "fetch_event_id": "90e5e3dd-e3de-5dd7-be11-7031383841b2", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "with respect to the property held in trust, by the trustee, if in possession thereof, otherwise by the party for whose benefit it is held", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "2a0f518e0d80b736e53e8a347810b99c359718ee4b10284364d33bd3dc445b22", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/11-3-3/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "West Virginia's Uniform Trust Code certification section, § 44D-10-1013(j), expressly preserves a separate real-property trust-title mechanism in the property code, W. Va. Code § 36-1-4a ('Memorandum of trust; requirements; recordation') -- this is a real-property trust-title mechanism, not a dedicated land-trust act.", "fetch_event_id": "076e16e7-e41a-5fd2-8efd-0bcd1c8cbdac", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Nothing in this section expands, limits or otherwise affects the provisions contained in section four-a, article one, chapter thirty-six of this code pertaining to memoranda of trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "8167239823aa395466c7f2402699e045ea8dcabbbf00134bba33ccf99f17a604", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/44D-10-1013/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "§ 36-1-4a(a)(2)(iv): the memorandum of trust presented for recordation must itself recite the trustee's powers over acquisition, sale, disposition, or encumbering of real property (or incorporate the W. Va. Code § 44-5A-3 trust powers by reference) -- the recital that documents the trustee's title-holding authority on the recorded instrument.", "fetch_event_id": "11d5cdca-ca2d-5e00-9674-9499de3b16b3", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A verbatim recitation of the trust powers specified in the trust relative to the acquisition, sale, disposition, or encumbering of real property by the trustee or trustees or the conveyance or disposition of real property by the trustee or trustees and any restrictions upon those powers", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "75bbbdd0327314e56178db2f4729401a1f80cfdeeeb4a6382ac05e7551869e40", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "Enrollment is effective for four years if the participant abides by program requirements.", "fetch_event_id": "46c50003-53bd-5904-9d3a-247d476896f8", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Providing the participant abides by the requirements, enrollment in the program is effective for 4 (four) years.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0d56f0009fa1e25bc569dfe4ebdfea5bba80eedfa4592d7584defdd0b97c1dfc", "source_url": "https://sos.wv.gov/about-us/address-confidentiality-program-acp", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "State/local agencies and West Virginia courts must accept the designated address for new public records unless an exception applies; application/supporting materials are not public records.", "fetch_event_id": "f2cf546a-c786-5c11-9ece-e096622637de", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "state and local agencies and the courts of this state shall accept the designated address as a program participant", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "381d34e4c468a8a277158e5e1f2555086cbdcecb5b1f8f8b93dd7adb7748df7c", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/48-28A-105/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WV.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": null, "display": "ACP statute makes application/supporting materials nonpublic and confidential, with misdemeanor penalties for willful employee disclosure of participant name or residential/mailing address.", "fetch_event_id": "97ec7b48-1ec0-50c5-aa37-c099904577df", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A program participant's application and supporting materials are not a public record and shall be kept confidential by the Secretary of State.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "fb6c9cade5153f7f751fa42053a8b4067b044bcb5ee09d4f9c538a9d776ceaf3", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/48-28A-108/", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust assessor-portal rule found; Title 39's assessment-roll provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming any property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to.", "fetch_event_id": "1b55a719-3e7d-568d-95fb-8f3ea891e27a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The county assessor shall enter the names of persons against whom property is assessed in the county assessment roll in alphabetical order.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ad38d0bd38b5574e3ff2bed3408c1d5fcf5d4d878b209826930ad36ecd9f26ae", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title39.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the undisclosed-beneficiary protection in §34-2-122 is general conveyancing law, and the statutory-trust certificate discloses only a trustee's business address, not a beneficiary.", "fetch_event_id": "1545d65e-4958-5d57-b973-e4a5acc10c35", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The name and the business address of at least one (1) of the trustees authorized to manage the statutory trust;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f0fd7eb843b83bb60095bad496330f8dfd46ff7051dff8d1bec822650a3671f6", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust county-recorder record rule found; §34-2-122 lets a conveyance define a trust-grantee by name/date or by record reference, a general conveyancing mechanic available for any trust, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule.", "fetch_event_id": "40614b2f-230f-58d2-8949-d44704b81493", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "it shall be sufficient to define a trust by providing in the text of the instrument the name of the trustee or trustees and the name of the trust, the date of the trust or other agreement", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dffab8c62b28f3387dcfdea2e38322cb0fa78d9c7c4ec1499bbf2dcf39a5300b", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title34.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Title 39's annual-listing provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming the property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to.", "fetch_event_id": "1b55a719-3e7d-568d-95fb-8f3ea891e27a", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "All taxable property shall be annually listed, valued and assessed for taxation in the county in which located and in the name of the owner of the property on January 1;", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "ad38d0bd38b5574e3ff2bed3408c1d5fcf5d4d878b209826930ad36ecd9f26ae", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title39.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.trust_type": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust type found; the statutory trust is a generic unincorporated-association entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type.", "fetch_event_id": "1545d65e-4958-5d57-b973-e4a5acc10c35", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "\"Statutory trust\" means an unincorporated association which:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f0fd7eb843b83bb60095bad496330f8dfd46ff7051dff8d1bec822650a3671f6", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "No Wyoming land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; Wyo. Stat. §34-2-123 is a general conveyancing-notice rule applying to ANY grantee described as a trust, not a land-trust-specific vesting mechanism.", "fetch_event_id": "40614b2f-230f-58d2-8949-d44704b81493", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "In all instruments conveying real estate, or interests therein, in which the grantee is described as a trust, the instrument of conveyance shall also define the trust or other instrument and shall be deemed to have vested title in the trustee or trustees of the trust.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "dffab8c62b28f3387dcfdea2e38322cb0fa78d9c7c4ec1499bbf2dcf39a5300b", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title34.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.rd.rd.duration": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "An order issued under Wyo. Stat. § 35-21-112 provides confidentiality only in the action in which it is granted and for those additional purposes specified by law referencing that order; § 7-3-512's own text states no separate duration for its confidentiality duty.", "fetch_event_id": "96e1d880-be6a-5ea5-8550-f62792797166", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "An order issued under this section shall only provide confidentiality in the action in which it is granted and for those additional purposes specified by law referencing an order issued pursuant to this section.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1195dea407a948ceb914de6daee6e7d9200427a5949d7aeb2d59f17f4d863e5e", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wyoming court proceedings and records under the Domestic Violence Protection Act (Wyo. Stat. § 35-21-112) and court orders of protection issued under Wyo. Stat. §§ 7-3-508 and 7-3-509, confidentiality-bound for the sexual-assault parties to those orders by § 7-3-512. Not a county-property or assessor record-redaction program, and not an Address Confidentiality Program; method-rd does not require either to find a court-record redaction mechanism positive.", "fetch_event_id": "96e1d880-be6a-5ea5-8550-f62792797166", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon a filing of a motion pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the court shall issue an order prohibiting the release of the address, city and state of residence and any other information identifying the residence of a person if:", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1195dea407a948ceb914de6daee6e7d9200427a5949d7aeb2d59f17f4d863e5e", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "privacy#WY.rd.rd.republication_duty": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": null, "display": "Wyo. Stat. §§ 35-21-112 and 7-3-512 each impose a nondisclosure duty on the court itself within the covered proceeding -- the court must not release the protected residence-identifying information. Neither section creates a downstream agency-acceptance/substitute-address duty (unlike an Address Confidentiality Program) or a duty to remove or take down residence-identifying information already published elsewhere; no such republication or takedown duty was found in the reviewed sources, and this nondisclosure duty is not treated as one.", "fetch_event_id": "96e1d880-be6a-5ea5-8550-f62792797166", "pinpoint": null, "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the court shall issue an order prohibiting the release of the address, city and state of residence and any other information identifying the residence of a person", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": null, "snapshot_resolved": false, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1195dea407a948ceb914de6daee6e7d9200427a5949d7aeb2d59f17f4d863e5e", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "table": "privacy" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AK.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Baker v. Duffus, Nos. S-18903/S-18983, Op. No. 7769, slip op. at 4 (Alaska May 16, 2025)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A judgment creditor of a limited liability company member may obtain a\ncharging order to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor’s interest in the\ncompany. AS 10.50.380(a). A charging order functions as a lien on the judgment\ndebtor’s interest in the LLC.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-1/captures/AK/41a344de3c6a0217690535b30d29b59bca3afc8f1f8f5c1bf0661bc44e3adf81.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "41a344de3c6a0217690535b30d29b59bca3afc8f1f8f5c1bf0661bc44e3adf81", "source_url": "https://appellate-records.courts.alaska.gov/CMSPublic/UserControl/OpenOpinionDocument?q=ujbkX9FR3gNGlE0goAmwFx3zRRw0t5CkR5CpwSLB5MM3D9nCOcuPr30hK6UjtQZx", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AK.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is unavailable and may not be ordered by a court.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "AS 10.50.380(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy that a judgment creditor of a member or a member's assignee may use to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company. Other legal or equitable remedies, including foreclosure on the member's limited liability company interest and a court order for directions, accounts, and inquiries that the debtor member might have made, are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by a court.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AK/86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=10.50&secEnd=10.51", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AK.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is unavailable and may not be ordered by a court.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "AS 10.50.380(c),(e)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy that a judgment creditor of a member or a member's assignee may use to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company. Other legal or equitable remedies, including foreclosure on the member's limited liability company interest and a court order for directions, accounts, and inquiries that the debtor member might have made, are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by a court.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AK/86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=10.50&secEnd=10.51", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AK.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "AS 10.50.380(c),(e)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy that a judgment creditor of a member or a member's assignee may use to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company. Other legal or equitable remedies, including foreclosure on the member's limited liability company interest and a court order for directions, accounts, and inquiries that the debtor member might have made, are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by a court.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AK/86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=10.50&secEnd=10.51", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AK.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "AS 10.50.380(e)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy that a judgment creditor of a member or a member's assignee may use to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company. Other legal or equitable remedies, including foreclosure on the member's limited liability company interest and a court order for directions, accounts, and inquiries that the debtor member might have made, are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by a court.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AK/86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "86cf4b7179d535b4933f60c86c10766b2bda0df312dfe59ca96a05ae0edec945", "source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/basis/statutes.asp?media=print&secStart=10.50&secEnd=10.51", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AL.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ex parte SE Property Holdings, LLC and SE Property Holdings, LLC v. Harrell, Nos. 1190814 & 1190816, slip op. at 3 (Ala. Nov. 5, 2021)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "In February 2015, SEPH filed a motion in the previous action\nseeking a charging order pursuant to § 10A-5A-5.03, Ala. Code 1975, on\nthe basis that Harrell had not satisfied the judgment against him.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-1/captures/AL/3a239af9d2ec5b999df84e3cc60b99bd56e94ce04c1641982bd59a86ec2aa9db.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3a239af9d2ec5b999df84e3cc60b99bd56e94ce04c1641982bd59a86ec2aa9db", "source_url": "https://acis.alabama.gov/displaydocs.cfm?no=1106265&event=66O0LFDZ1", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AL.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AL/al-10a5a-503-charging-order.json", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "678a49b0792f3ba006c706ac985c8a4af6d11e6ed8e1b015d48bfcfc1587e671", "source_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=10A-5A-5.03", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AL.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The judgment creditor has no right to foreclose.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AL/al-10a5a-503-charging-order.json", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "678a49b0792f3ba006c706ac985c8a4af6d11e6ed8e1b015d48bfcfc1587e671", "source_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=10A-5A-5.03", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AL.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AL/al-10a5a-503-charging-order.json", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "678a49b0792f3ba006c706ac985c8a4af6d11e6ed8e1b015d48bfcfc1587e671", "source_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=10A-5A-5.03", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AL.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Code of Alabama section 10A-5A-5.03(f): 'This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest and the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's transferable interest.'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AL/al-10a5a-503-charging-order.json", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "678a49b0792f3ba006c706ac985c8a4af6d11e6ed8e1b015d48bfcfc1587e671", "source_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/code-of-alabama?section=10A-5A-5.03", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AR.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "Arkansas Act 461 of 2025", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AR/1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305", "source_url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2025R%2FPublic%2FACT461.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AR.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under this subchapter or any other law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ark. Code § 4-38-503(c)(2); Act 461 of 2025, § 1, p. 3, lines 1-2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under\n\nthis subchapter or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-AR/AR/1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305", "source_url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2025R%2FPublic%2FACT461.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AR.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under this subchapter or any other law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ark. Code § 4-38-503(c)(2); Act 461 of 2025, § 1, p. 3, lines 1-2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under\n\nthis subchapter or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-AR/AR/1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305", "source_url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2025R%2FPublic%2FACT461.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AR.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under this subchapter or any other law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ark. Code § 4-38-503(c)(2); Act 461 of 2025, § 1, p. 3, lines 1-2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under\n\nthis subchapter or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-AR/AR/1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305", "source_url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2025R%2FPublic%2FACT461.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AR.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under this subchapter or any other law.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ark. Code § 4-38-503(c)(2); Act 461 of 2025, § 1, p. 3, lines 1-2", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The charging order lien shall not be foreclosed on under\n\nthis subchapter or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-AR/AR/1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1ae153b7cebde897d8ea5cc436f6daf2458481b58ddbac14229408c005995305", "source_url": "https://www.arkleg.state.ar.us/Home/FTPDocument?path=%2FACTS%2F2025R%2FPublic%2FACT461.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AZ.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "ARS 29-3503(E)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AZ/0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/29/03503.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AZ.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ARS 29-3503(E)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking in the capacity of judgment creditor to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AZ/0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/29/03503.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AZ.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ARS 29-3503(E)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking in the capacity of judgment creditor to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AZ/0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/29/03503.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#AZ.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ARS 29-3503(E)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking in the capacity of judgment creditor to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/AZ/0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": 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"structuring/snapshots/AZ/0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "0a0f9af2d7aca22d534631001930aa83694bdfb0f42a51222c3659464a0190aa", "source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/29/03503.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CA.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Curci Investments, LLC v. Baldwin, No. G052764, slip op. at 4 (Cal. Ct. App., 4th Dist., Div. 3, Aug. 10, 2017)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Curci filed a motion seeking charging orders against 36 business entities\nin which Baldwin had an interest. Among those entities was JPBI. The court granted\nCurci‟s motion in August 2014. From and after that date, any monetary distributions\nmade by JPBI to Baldwin, in his capacity as a member, were ordered to be paid to Curci\ninstead.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-1/captures/CA/c9684286f38ae1004fb76e2863db9a1ad01857c221507cf832206a7bfe328c81.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c9684286f38ae1004fb76e2863db9a1ad01857c221507cf832206a7bfe328c81", "source_url": "https://www.courts.ca.gov/opinions/archive/G052764.PDF", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The stated foreclosure condition is a showing that charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Corp Code 17705.03(b)(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Corp Code 17705.03(b)(3): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to Section 17705.02.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/CA/21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CORP§ionNum=17705.03.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon a showing that charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Corp Code 17705.03(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Corp Code 17705.03(b): \"To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subdivision (a), the court may do any of the following: ... (3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/CA/21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CORP§ionNum=17705.03.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Corp Code 17705.03(a)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Corp Code 17705.03(a): \"On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment.\" Corp Code 17705.03(b)(3): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/CA/21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CORP§ionNum=17705.03.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon the statutory showing, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Cal. Corp. Code § 17705.03(b)(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(b) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subdivision (a), the court may do any of the following:

(1) Appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made.

(2) Make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order.

(3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "21983f471f55c767b58e03a164e94617535e2444c96e530846ddb8da56f721c3", "source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CORP§ionNum=17705.03.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CO.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "JPMorgan Chase Bank N.A. v. McClure, 2017 CO 22, ¶ 1 (Colo. Apr. 10, 2017)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "This case principally requires us to decide the relative priority of competing\n\ncharging orders filed by multiple judgment creditors against a foreign judgment\ndebtor’s membership interests in several Colorado limited liability companies.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-1/captures/CO/27601dbe5c9b58d4eae1e1eac28cc8d78cdbc44f83eeb39aa7f2d2ae1ff52a9c.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "27601dbe5c9b58d4eae1e1eac28cc8d78cdbc44f83eeb39aa7f2d2ae1ff52a9c", "source_url": "https://www.coloradojudicial.gov/sites/default/files/2024-05/15SC816.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CO.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Bartch v. Barch, Nos. 23-1211 & 24-1049, slip op. at 21 (10th Cir. July 29, 2024)", "quote": "It allows a\n\n court to “charge the membership interest of the member” or even to “foreclos[e]” on\n\n a member’s interest.", "role": "judicial_interpretation_of_posture_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7.pdf", "source_sha256": "d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7", "source_url": "https://www.ca10.uscourts.gov/sites/ca10/files/opinions/010111086218.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 7-80-703", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The membership interest charged may be\nredeemed at any time before foreclosure.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-07.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CO.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Bartch v. Barch, Nos. 23-1211 & 24-1049, slip op. at 21 (10th Cir. July 29, 2024)", "quote": "It allows a\n\n court to “charge the membership interest of the member” or even to “foreclos[e]” on\n\n a member’s interest.", "role": "judicial_interpretation_of_posture_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7.pdf", "source_sha256": "d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7", "source_url": "https://www.ca10.uscourts.gov/sites/ca10/files/opinions/010111086218.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 7-80-703", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The membership interest charged may be\nredeemed at any time before foreclosure.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-07.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CO.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Bartch v. Barch, Nos. 23-1211 & 24-1049, slip op. at 21 (10th Cir. July 29, 2024)", "quote": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 7-80-703 governs charging orders for LLCs. 14 It allows a\n\n court to “charge the membership interest of the member” or even to “foreclos[e]” on\n\n a member’s interest.", "role": "judicial_interpretation_of_posture_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7.pdf", "source_sha256": "d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7", "source_url": "https://www.ca10.uscourts.gov/sites/ca10/files/opinions/010111086218.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 7-80-703", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The membership interest charged may be\nredeemed at any time before foreclosure. If the sale is directed by the court, the membership\ninterest may be purchased without causing a dissolution with separate property by any one or\nmore of the members.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-07.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CO.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Bartch v. Barch, Nos. 23-1211 & 24-1049, slip op. at 21 (10th Cir. July 29, 2024)", "quote": "Colo. Rev. Stat. § 7-80-703 governs charging orders for LLCs. 14 It allows a\n\n court to “charge the membership interest of the member” or even to “foreclos[e]” on\n\n a member’s interest.", "role": "judicial_interpretation_of_posture_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7.pdf", "source_sha256": "d90b2604bd9f475952452833cf8f14975486a9255b3bf6dcd32929e722e6e2a7", "source_url": "https://www.ca10.uscourts.gov/sites/ca10/files/opinions/010111086218.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "Colo. Rev. 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If the sale is directed by the court, the membership\ninterest may be purchased without causing a dissolution with separate property by any one or\nmore of the members.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d6077b7aeefb6fb9e8a6e272adac27d082b4d80098956376628b9e680516f543", "source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-07.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CT.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-06", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "McKay v. Longman, 332 Conn. 394, 438 n.35 (2019)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Longman and the corporate defendants claim that a charging order under\nGeneral Statutes § 34-259b is the exclusive remedy available to the plaintiff.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-1/captures/CT/eb275ab756980d0cbc26d8fc9332bb2e204d3a2e59453b77ea580ea57078d1e6.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "eb275ab756980d0cbc26d8fc9332bb2e204d3a2e59453b77ea580ea57078d1e6", "source_url": "https://jud.ct.gov/lawjournal/Docs/CTReports/2019/30/cr332_8104.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#CT.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Conn. 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Exela Technologies, Inc., C.A. No. 2020-0601-JRS, slip op. at 15 (Del. Ch. 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C. section 18-703(d): the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy; attachment, garnishment, foreclosure and other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d): the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy; attachment, garnishment, foreclosure and other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/DE/de-llc-18-703-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bc671eb21be189e004aa4e89f2fce79bba4f5efb35d43ab3b9dccf629228041", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc07/index.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#DE.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d): the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy; attachment, garnishment, foreclosure and other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d): the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy; attachment, garnishment, foreclosure and other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/DE/de-llc-18-703-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bc671eb21be189e004aa4e89f2fce79bba4f5efb35d43ab3b9dccf629228041", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc07/index.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#DE.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d): the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy; attachment, garnishment, foreclosure and other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or a member’s assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor’s limited liability company interest and attachment, garnishment, foreclosure or other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/DE/de-llc-18-703-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bc671eb21be189e004aa4e89f2fce79bba4f5efb35d43ab3b9dccf629228041", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc07/index.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#DE.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "6 Del. C. section 18-703(d): 'The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or a member's assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's limited liability company interest and attachment, garnishment, foreclosure or other legal or equitable remedies are not available to the judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has 1 member or more than 1 member.'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/DE/de-llc-18-703-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1bc671eb21be189e004aa4e89f2fce79bba4f5efb35d43ab3b9dccf629228041", "source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc07/index.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#FL.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "Fla. 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On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. The purchaser thereby becomes a member. d. The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "489.503 Charging order. 1. On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. 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On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. The purchaser thereby becomes a member. d. The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "489.503 Charging order. 1. On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. 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On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. The purchaser thereby becomes a member. d. The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "489.503 Charging order. 1. On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. ... 3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection 6, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 489.502. 6. If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company all of the following apply: a. The court shall confirm the sale. b. The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. c. The purchaser thereby becomes a member. d. The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IA/ia-code-ch489-llc-act.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a064cdd6c2c037ae899573b75a365a63c344c2fdd111d251adaa8eb364dd4457", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/489.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon the statutory showing, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Iowa Code § 489.503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "3. Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment\ndebt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the\ntransferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/a064cdd6c2c037ae899573b75a365a63c344c2fdd111d251adaa8eb364dd4457.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "a064cdd6c2c037ae899573b75a365a63c344c2fdd111d251adaa8eb364dd4457", "source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/489.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#ID.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "Idaho Code § 30-25-503(h)", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/ID/id-t30ch25-llc-act.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/statutesrules/idstat/Title30/T30CH25.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#ID.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The stated foreclosure condition is a showing that charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/ID/id-t30ch25-llc-act.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/statutesrules/idstat/Title30/T30CH25.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#ID.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon a showing that charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code. Idaho Code 30-25-503(f): if a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code. Idaho Code 30-25-503(f): if a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/ID/id-t30ch25-llc-act.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/statutesrules/idstat/Title30/T30CH25.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#ID.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Idaho Code 30-25-503(a): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. 30-25-503(c): upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 30-25-502, Idaho Code.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/ID/id-t30ch25-llc-act.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/statutesrules/idstat/Title30/T30CH25.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#ID.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon the statutory showing, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Idaho Code § 30-25-503(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "(c) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not\npay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the\nlien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6f89f090cc77377876859285aaec6d0c3d6d6483f3a23540d2b68f3e22c355ed", "source_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/wp-content/uploads/statutesrules/idstat/Title30/T30CH25.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IL.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "805 ILCS 180/30-20(g)", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "This Section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's distributional interest.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IL/951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=080501800K30-20", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IL.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may order foreclosure at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "805 ILCS 180/30-20(a), (c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. ... At any time the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to Section 30-10.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IL/951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=080501800K30-20", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IL.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "805 ILCS 180/30-20(a), (c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. ... At any time the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to Section 30-10.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IL/951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=080501800K30-20", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IL.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "805 ILCS 180/30-20(a), (c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. ... At any time the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to Section 30-10.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IL/951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=080501800K30-20", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IL.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "805 ILCS 180/30-20(a), (c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. ... At any time the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to Section 30-10.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IL/951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "951b325d30b0f68703ebeeffe6919c5330608e78cc90fb4ee94a61b45702f798", "source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ilcs/fulltext.asp?DocName=080501800K30-20", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IN.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "Ind. Code § 23-18-6-7", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/IN/in-title23-business-associations.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd5fb37c3ebcd811d9637c9192f2f8c1664a06a5c5f289a5bcf1977466c99e6f", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_23.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IN.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ind. Code § 23-18-6-7", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Sec. 7. (a) On application to a court with jurisdiction\r\nby a judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest\r\nof the member in the limited liability company with the payment of the\r\nunsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-3/captures/cd5fb37c3ebcd811d9637c9192f2f8c1664a06a5c5f289a5bcf1977466c99e6f.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd5fb37c3ebcd811d9637c9192f2f8c1664a06a5c5f289a5bcf1977466c99e6f", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_23.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IN.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ind. 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(a) On application to a court with jurisdiction\r\nby a judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest\r\nof the member in the limited liability company with the payment of the\r\nunsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-3/captures/cd5fb37c3ebcd811d9637c9192f2f8c1664a06a5c5f289a5bcf1977466c99e6f.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cd5fb37c3ebcd811d9637c9192f2f8c1664a06a5c5f289a5bcf1977466c99e6f", "source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_23.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#IN.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Ind. Code § 23-18-6-7", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "Sec. 7. 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Stat. section 322C.0503, subdivisions 1 and 3: on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest; subdivision 7 makes this the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Minn. Stat. section 322C.0503, subdivisions 1 and 3: on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest; subdivision 7 makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/MN/mn-code-322c0503-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c493a82aab96d5adc33cb317b22251f2361ea11f55fc2e32a41f729d457cc1dc", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/322C.0503", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#MN.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon a showing that charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Minn. 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Stat. section 322C.0503, subdivisions 1 and 3: on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest; subdivision 7 makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/MN/mn-code-322c0503-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c493a82aab96d5adc33cb317b22251f2361ea11f55fc2e32a41f729d457cc1dc", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/322C.0503", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#MN.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Minn. Stat. section 322C.0503, subdivisions 1 and 3: on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest; subdivision 7 makes this the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Minn. Stat. section 322C.0503, subdivisions 1 and 3: on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest; subdivision 7 makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/MN/mn-code-322c0503-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c493a82aab96d5adc33cb317b22251f2361ea11f55fc2e32a41f729d457cc1dc", "source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/322C.0503", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#MN.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Upon the statutory showing, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Minn. 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Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NE/ne-stat-21-142-llc-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6387eede524a48f090176f6e54735ffd6936c1fc0be6d8008549516d9d417412", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=21-142", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NE.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose when charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NE/ne-stat-21-142-llc-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6387eede524a48f090176f6e54735ffd6936c1fc0be6d8008549516d9d417412", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=21-142", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NE.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NE/ne-stat-21-142-llc-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6387eede524a48f090176f6e54735ffd6936c1fc0be6d8008549516d9d417412", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=21-142", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NE.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Neb. Rev. Stat. section 21-142(a)-(c), (g): on application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest; upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order sale of the transferable interest; section 21-142(g) makes this the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NE/ne-stat-21-142-llc-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6387eede524a48f090176f6e54735ffd6936c1fc0be6d8008549516d9d417412", "source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=21-142", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NH.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "RSA 304-C:126, IV", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "IV. Except as provided in paragraphs VI and VII, a charging order is the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a debtor-member may satisfy a judgment from a debtor-member's membership rights or from the assets of a limited liability company. This section is not exclusive as to the rights of creditors with respect to the limited liability company interests of transferees.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-6/d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXVIII/304-C/304-C-mrg.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NH.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights is unavailable to a judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment against a debtor-member of a multi-member limited liability company.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RSA 304-C:126, V(a): the remedy of execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights shall be unavailable to a judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment against a debtor-member of a multi-member limited liability company.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RSA 304-C:126, V(a): the remedy of execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights shall be unavailable to a judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment against a debtor-member of a multi-member limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NH/nh-rsa-304-c-llc-act.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXVIII/304-C/304-C-mrg.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NH.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "If charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time, the charging order is not the sole and exclusive remedy.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RSA 304-C:126, VI(a): if a judgment creditor shows that distributions under a charging order will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time, a charging order is not the sole and exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RSA 304-C:126, VI(a): if a judgment creditor shows that distributions under a charging order will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time, a charging order is not the sole and exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NH/nh-rsa-304-c-llc-act.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXVIII/304-C/304-C-mrg.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NH.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A charging order is the sole and exclusive remedy; execution on a member's membership rights is unavailable against a multi-member LLC.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RSA 304-C:126, IV: except as provided in paragraphs VI and VII, a charging order is the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a debtor-member may satisfy a judgment from a debtor-member's membership rights. RSA 304-C:126, V(a): the remedy of execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights shall be unavailable to a judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment against a debtor-member of a multi-member limited liability company. Paragraphs VI-VII are each expressly limited to a debtor-member of a single-member limited liability company.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RSA 304-C:126, IV: except as provided in paragraphs VI and VII, a charging order is the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a debtor-member may satisfy a judgment from a debtor-member's membership rights. RSA 304-C:126, V(a): the remedy of execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights shall be unavailable to a judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment against a debtor-member of a multi-member limited liability company. Paragraphs VI-VII are each expressly limited to a debtor-member of a single-member limited liability company.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NH/nh-rsa-304-c-llc-act.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXVIII/304-C/304-C-mrg.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NH.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits an execution sale of the debtor-member's membership rights if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RSA 304-C:126, V(b): execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights is unavailable against a debtor-member of a single-member LLC except as provided in paragraph VI. RSA 304-C:126, VI(a)-(b): if a judgment creditor shows that distributions under a charging order will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time, a charging order is not the sole and exclusive remedy, and the court may order sale of the debtor-member's membership rights under an execution sale.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RSA 304-C:126, V(b): execution upon a debtor-member's membership rights is unavailable against a debtor-member of a single-member LLC except as provided in paragraph VI. RSA 304-C:126, VI(a)-(b): if a judgment creditor shows that distributions under a charging order will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time, a charging order is not the sole and exclusive remedy, and the court may order sale of the debtor-member's membership rights under an execution sale.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NH/nh-rsa-304-c-llc-act.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d94c13c310bd5ddd13c112f680b014b35799a1eb3ce59bba4a7c4549a3cdf7ce", "source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXVIII/304-C/304-C-mrg.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NJ.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A court order charging the transferable interest of a member pursuant to this section shall be the sole remedy of a judgment creditor, who shall have no right under 42:2C-1 et seq. or any other State law to interfere with the management or force dissolution of a limited liability company or to seek an order of the court requiring a foreclosure sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-6/unknown/92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7", "source_url": "https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=xhitlist&vid=Publish%3A10.1048%2FEnu&xhitlist_d=&xhitlist_hc=%5BXML%5D%5BKwic%2C10000%5D&xhitlist_mh=99999&xhitlist_s=relevance-weight&xhitlist_sel=title%3Bpath%3Brelevance-weight%3Bcontent-type%3Bhome-title%3Bitem-bookmark%3Btitle-path%3Bhit-context&xhitlist_vpc=first&xhitlist_vps=50&xhitlist_x=advanced&xhitlist_xsl=xhitlist.xsl&xhitlist_q=%5BRank+100%5D%5BDomain%3A+42%3A2C-43+charging+order%5D42%3A2C-43+charging+order&xhitlist_vq=42%3A2C-43+charging+order", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NJ.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43: \"shall be the sole remedy of a judgment creditor\" and the creditor has no right \"to seek an order of the court requiring a foreclosure sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NJ/92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7", "source_url": "https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=xhitlist&vid=Publish%3A10.1048%2FEnu&xhitlist_d=&xhitlist_hc=%5BXML%5D%5BKwic%2C10000%5D&xhitlist_mh=99999&xhitlist_s=relevance-weight&xhitlist_sel=title%3Bpath%3Brelevance-weight%3Bcontent-type%3Bhome-title%3Bitem-bookmark%3Btitle-path%3Bhit-context&xhitlist_vpc=first&xhitlist_vps=50&xhitlist_x=advanced&xhitlist_xsl=xhitlist.xsl&xhitlist_q=%5BRank+100%5D%5BDomain%3A+42%3A2C-43+charging+order%5D42%3A2C-43+charging+order&xhitlist_vq=42%3A2C-43+charging+order", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NJ.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available to the judgment creditor.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43: \"shall be the sole remedy of a judgment creditor\" and the creditor has no right \"to seek an order of the court requiring a foreclosure sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NJ/92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7", "source_url": "https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=xhitlist&vid=Publish%3A10.1048%2FEnu&xhitlist_d=&xhitlist_hc=%5BXML%5D%5BKwic%2C10000%5D&xhitlist_mh=99999&xhitlist_s=relevance-weight&xhitlist_sel=title%3Bpath%3Brelevance-weight%3Bcontent-type%3Bhome-title%3Bitem-bookmark%3Btitle-path%3Bhit-context&xhitlist_vpc=first&xhitlist_vps=50&xhitlist_x=advanced&xhitlist_xsl=xhitlist.xsl&xhitlist_q=%5BRank+100%5D%5BDomain%3A+42%3A2C-43+charging+order%5D42%3A2C-43+charging+order&xhitlist_vq=42%3A2C-43+charging+order", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NJ.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43: \"A court order charging the transferable interest of a member pursuant to this section shall be the sole remedy of a judgment creditor, who shall have no right under 42:2C-1 et seq. or any other State law to interfere with the management or force dissolution of a limited liability company or to seek an order of the court requiring a foreclosure sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NJ/92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7", "source_url": "https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=xhitlist&vid=Publish%3A10.1048%2FEnu&xhitlist_d=&xhitlist_hc=%5BXML%5D%5BKwic%2C10000%5D&xhitlist_mh=99999&xhitlist_s=relevance-weight&xhitlist_sel=title%3Bpath%3Brelevance-weight%3Bcontent-type%3Bhome-title%3Bitem-bookmark%3Btitle-path%3Bhit-context&xhitlist_vpc=first&xhitlist_vps=50&xhitlist_x=advanced&xhitlist_xsl=xhitlist.xsl&xhitlist_q=%5BRank+100%5D%5BDomain%3A+42%3A2C-43+charging+order%5D42%3A2C-43+charging+order&xhitlist_vq=42%3A2C-43+charging+order", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NJ.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "N.J.S. 42:2C-43: \"A court order charging the transferable interest of a member pursuant to this section shall be the sole remedy of a judgment creditor, who shall have no right under 42:2C-1 et seq. or any other State law to interfere with the management or force dissolution of a limited liability company or to seek an order of the court requiring a foreclosure sale of the transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NJ/92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "92f6e39cddb81f9fcc006102ae82ea70b5ac8aad7f05f8b4325ea27f7fb776e7", "source_url": "https://lis.njleg.state.nj.us/nxt/gateway.dll?f=xhitlist&vid=Publish%3A10.1048%2FEnu&xhitlist_d=&xhitlist_hc=%5BXML%5D%5BKwic%2C10000%5D&xhitlist_mh=99999&xhitlist_s=relevance-weight&xhitlist_sel=title%3Bpath%3Brelevance-weight%3Bcontent-type%3Bhome-title%3Bitem-bookmark%3Btitle-path%3Bhit-context&xhitlist_vpc=first&xhitlist_vps=50&xhitlist_x=advanced&xhitlist_xsl=xhitlist.xsl&xhitlist_q=%5BRank+100%5D%5BDomain%3A+42%3A2C-43+charging+order%5D42%3A2C-43+charging+order&xhitlist_vq=42%3A2C-43+charging+order", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NM.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "NMSA 1978 section 53-19-35 contains no exclusive-remedy clause; it states only that the charging order does not deprive a member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "53-19-35. Rights of judgment creditor of member.\nOn application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may\ncharge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\njudgment, with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more\nrights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest\nwould be entitled under the provisions of Section 32 [53-19-32 NMSA 1978] of the\nLimited Liability Company Act. That act does not deprive any member of the benefit of\nany exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.\nHistory: Laws 1993, ch. 280, § 35.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4400/1/document.do", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NM.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "NMSA 1978 section 53-19-35, 'Rights of judgment creditor of member': on application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment, with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more rights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest would be entitled under section 53-19-32; that act does not deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his membership interest. No foreclosure or sale language appears anywhere in the section.", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "53-19-35. Rights of judgment creditor of member.\nOn application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may\ncharge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\njudgment, with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more\nrights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest\nwould be entitled under the provisions of Section 32 [53-19-32 NMSA 1978] of the\nLimited Liability Company Act. That act does not deprive any member of the benefit of\nany exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.\nHistory: Laws 1993, ch. 280, § 35.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4400/1/document.do", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NM.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "NMSA 1978 section 53-19-35, 'Rights of judgment creditor of member': on application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment, with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more rights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest would be entitled under section 53-19-32; that act does not deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his membership interest. No foreclosure or sale language appears anywhere in the section.", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "53-19-35. Rights of judgment creditor of member.\nOn application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may\ncharge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\njudgment, with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more\nrights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest\nwould be entitled under the provisions of Section 32 [53-19-32 NMSA 1978] of the\nLimited Liability Company Act. That act does not deprive any member of the benefit of\nany exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.\nHistory: Laws 1993, ch. 280, § 35.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4400/1/document.do", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NM.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "NMSA 1978 section 53-19-35, 'Rights of judgment creditor of member': on application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment, with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more rights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest would be entitled under section 53-19-32; that act does not deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his membership interest. No foreclosure or sale language appears anywhere in the section.", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "53-19-35. Rights of judgment creditor of member.\nOn application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may\ncharge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\njudgment, with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more\nrights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest\nwould be entitled under the provisions of Section 32 [53-19-32 NMSA 1978] of the\nLimited Liability Company Act. That act does not deprive any member of the benefit of\nany exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.\nHistory: Laws 1993, ch. 280, § 35.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4400/1/document.do", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NM.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "NMSA 1978 section 53-19-35, 'Rights of judgment creditor of member': on application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment, with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more rights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest would be entitled under section 53-19-32; that act does not deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his membership interest. No foreclosure or sale language appears anywhere in the section.", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "53-19-35. Rights of judgment creditor of member.\nOn application to a court by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may\ncharge the interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the\njudgment, with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has no more\nrights than those to which an assignee of the member's limited liability company interest\nwould be entitled under the provisions of Section 32 [53-19-32 NMSA 1978] of the\nLimited Liability Company Act. That act does not deprive any member of the benefit of\nany exemption laws applicable to his membership interest.\nHistory: Laws 1993, ch. 280, § 35.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "84ea742ff257ee0c777d030f418189c23e17b052578180586ec6bb9c5c002956", "source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/nmos/nmsa/en/4400/1/document.do", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NV.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "pinpoint": "NRS 86.401(2)(a)", "public_reason": "Court opinions on this point could not be reviewed", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "limited-liability company has one member or more than one member. No other", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "case_law_leg_unreachable", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-7/captures/d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-086.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NV.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "NRS 86.401(2)(a)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "NRS 86.401(2)(a): \"whether the limited-liability company has one member or more than one member. No other remedy, including, without limitation, foreclosure on the member's interest or a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the debtor or member might have made, is available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy the judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited-liability company, and no other remedy may be ordered by a court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NV/d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-086.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NV.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available to the judgment creditor.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "NRS 86.401(2)(a)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "NRS 86.401(2)(a): \"whether the limited-liability company has one member or more than one member. No other remedy, including, without limitation, foreclosure on the member's interest or a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the debtor or member might have made, is available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy the judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited-liability company, and no other remedy may be ordered by a court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NV/d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-086.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NV.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "NRS 86.401(2)(a)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "NRS 86.401(2)(a): \"Provides the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or an assignee of a member may satisfy a judgment out of the member's interest of the judgment debtor, whether the limited-liability company has one member or more than one member. No other remedy, including, without limitation, foreclosure on the member's interest or a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the debtor or member might have made, is available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy the judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited-liability company, and no other remedy may be ordered by a court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NV/d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-086.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NV.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "NRS 86.401(2)(a)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "NRS 86.401(2)(a): \"Provides the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or an assignee of a member may satisfy a judgment out of the member's interest of the judgment debtor, whether the limited-liability company has one member or more than one member. No other remedy, including, without limitation, foreclosure on the member's interest or a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the debtor or member might have made, is available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy the judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited-liability company, and no other remedy may be ordered by a court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/NV/d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d619c4ac81a5a772bd4eb8df6807505bf66920fed2b188eca57d3de7fe81e5db", "source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-086.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NY.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Matter of Sirotkin v Jordan, LLC, 141 AD3d 670, 2016 NY Slip Op 05576 (N.Y. App. Div., 2d Dep't July 20, 2016)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "the Supreme Court providently exercised its discretion in granting the\r\npetition only to the extent of directing the issuance of an order charging Spitzer's\r\nmembership interest in the LLC with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment,\r\nwith interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/NY/3af2649671c710c69a2257a7a55416f13c5f0a143f1ab70621fb39a1e61a5ca6.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3af2649671c710c69a2257a7a55416f13c5f0a143f1ab70621fb39a1e61a5ca6", "source_url": "https://www.nycourts.gov/reporter/3dseries/2016/2016_05576.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NY.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "N.Y. Ltd. Liab. Co. Law § 607(a)-(b)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "

§ 607. Rights of creditors of members. (a) On application to a court
of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the
court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of
the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so
charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the
membership interest. This chapter does not deprive any member of the
benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his or her membership
interest.

(b) No creditor of a member shall have any right to obtain possession
of, or otherwise exercise legal or equitable remedies with respect to,
the property of the limited liability company.
", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/LLC/607", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NY.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "N.Y. Ltd. Liab. Co. Law § 607(a)-(b)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "
§ 607. Rights of creditors of members. (a) On application to a court
of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the
court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of
the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so
charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the
membership interest. This chapter does not deprive any member of the
benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his or her membership
interest.

(b) No creditor of a member shall have any right to obtain possession
of, or otherwise exercise legal or equitable remedies with respect to,
the property of the limited liability company.
", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/LLC/607", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NY.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "N.Y. Ltd. Liab. Co. Law § 607(a)-(b)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "
§ 607. Rights of creditors of members. (a) On application to a court
of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the
court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of
the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so
charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the
membership interest. This chapter does not deprive any member of the
benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his or her membership
interest.

(b) No creditor of a member shall have any right to obtain possession
of, or otherwise exercise legal or equitable remedies with respect to,
the property of the limited liability company.
", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/LLC/607", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#NY.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "N.Y. Ltd. Liab. Co. Law § 607(a)-(b)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "
§ 607. Rights of creditors of members. (a) On application to a court
of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the
court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of
the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so
charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the
membership interest. This chapter does not deprive any member of the
benefit of any exemption laws applicable to his or her membership
interest.

(b) No creditor of a member shall have any right to obtain possession
of, or otherwise exercise legal or equitable remedies with respect to,
the property of the limited liability company.
", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-8/captures/f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f76ab058fd39419bc518d7532e35fb9aad761ec2745e2fea45107e27b777e8ff", "source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/LLC/607", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OH.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Campbell v. 1 Spring, L.L.C., 2024-Ohio-308, ¶ 1 (Ohio Ct. App., 10th Dist. Jan. 30, 2024)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "appeal from an order of the Franklin County\nCourt of Common Pleas granting a motion for a charging order filed by plaintiff-appellee,\nRobert W. Campbell,", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/OH/d096ffc972f102011b3b7c5c47c0216d98e9231f2a8dcd8ec41c397313380734.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d096ffc972f102011b3b7c5c47c0216d98e9231f2a8dcd8ec41c397313380734", "source_url": "https://www.supremecourt.ohio.gov/rod/docs/pdf/10/2024/2024-Ohio-308.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OH.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471: \"(F) This section provides the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's membership interest, and the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's membership interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OH/oh-stat-1706-342-llc-transfer.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "33baa89485a863818b593ae4e807d02ccf56a28afbc8a6838676b9a020cba66c", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-1706.342", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OH.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available to the judgment creditor.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471: \"(F) This section provides the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's membership interest, and the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's membership interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OH/oh-stat-1706-342-llc-transfer.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "33baa89485a863818b593ae4e807d02ccf56a28afbc8a6838676b9a020cba66c", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-1706.342", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OH.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471: \"(F) This section provides the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's membership interest, and the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's membership interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OH/oh-stat-1706-342-llc-transfer.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "33baa89485a863818b593ae4e807d02ccf56a28afbc8a6838676b9a020cba66c", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-1706.342", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OH.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "ORC 1706.342(F), line 471: \"(F) This section provides the sole and exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's membership interest, and the judgment creditor shall have no right to foreclose, under this chapter or any other law, upon the charging order, the charging order lien, or the judgment debtor's membership interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OH/oh-stat-1706-342-llc-transfer.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "33baa89485a863818b593ae4e807d02ccf56a28afbc8a6838676b9a020cba66c", "source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-1706.342", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OK.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Mattingly Law Firm, P.C. v. Henson, 2020 OK CIV APP 19, ¶ 8", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "The single issue on appeal is whether the trial court properly granted the charging order by determining the LLCs were Henson's \"alter egos\" and the court should pierce the corporate veil of the entities.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/OK/f7f38e890331ebcea305d858a6176e20d9105779bfd6636d2bd46a6768ac44c0.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f7f38e890331ebcea305d858a6176e20d9105779bfd6636d2bd46a6768ac44c0", "source_url": "https://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=486850", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OK.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OK/ok-title18-statutes.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "295515ff3d064e987e39cf36b0782a3bf245381addf685a84cb46ab01861829b", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os18.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OK.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "18 O.S. § 2034", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "A charging order entered by a court pursuant to this section shall\nin no event be convertible into a membership interest through\nforeclosure or other action.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.co-fix-2/captures/295515ff3d064e987e39cf36b0782a3bf245381addf685a84cb46ab01861829b.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "295515ff3d064e987e39cf36b0782a3bf245381addf685a84cb46ab01861829b", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os18.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OK.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A charging order cannot be converted into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action and is the sole and exclusive remedy whether the LLC has one member or more than one member.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OK/ok-title18-statutes.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "295515ff3d064e987e39cf36b0782a3bf245381addf685a84cb46ab01861829b", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os18.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OK.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "18 O.S. section 2034, 'Judgment creditor - Rights - Exclusive remedy': on application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member, the court may charge the capital interest of the member with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest; to the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the capital interest; a charging order entered pursuant to this section shall in no event be convertible into a membership interest through foreclosure or other action; this section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor, whether the limited liability company has one member or more than one member.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/OK/ok-title18-statutes.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "295515ff3d064e987e39cf36b0782a3bf245381addf685a84cb46ab01861829b", "source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os18.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OR.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Law v. Zemp, 276 Or. App. 652, 654-55, 368 P.3d 821 (2016)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Four limited partnerships in which defendant is a partner and the LLC in\nwhich defendant is a member (collectively, “the companies”) challenge the scope of\na charging order issued by the trial court pursuant to ORS 70.295 and ORS ORS\n63.259.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/OR/209d276ca83d6232d160490de21c9b44f89fa92ec507a71dbb10e0f79f0ccf5a.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "209d276ca83d6232d160490de21c9b44f89fa92ec507a71dbb10e0f79f0ccf5a", "source_url": "https://ojd.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p17027coll5/id/2131/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OR.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORS 63.259", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of\r\na member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with\r\npayment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent\r\nso charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the\r\nmembership interest. This chapter shall not deprive any member of the benefit\r\nof any exemption laws applicable to the member’s membership interest. [1993\r\nc.173 §52]", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-8/captures/5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors063.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OR.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORS 63.259", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of\r\na member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with\r\npayment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent\r\nso charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the\r\nmembership interest. This chapter shall not deprive any member of the benefit\r\nof any exemption laws applicable to the member’s membership interest. [1993\r\nc.173 §52]", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-8/captures/5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors063.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OR.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORS 63.259", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of\r\na member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with\r\npayment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent\r\nso charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the\r\nmembership interest. This chapter shall not deprive any member of the benefit\r\nof any exemption laws applicable to the member’s membership interest. [1993\r\nc.173 §52]", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-8/captures/5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors063.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#OR.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "ORS 63.259", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of\r\na member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with\r\npayment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent\r\nso charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the\r\nmembership interest. This chapter shall not deprive any member of the benefit\r\nof any exemption laws applicable to the member’s membership interest. [1993\r\nc.173 §52]", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-8/captures/5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "5e5cd55dba96fabc1774aef3348e5303e1e05990dd84cdb10e7b52bec47b4d30", "source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors063.html", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#PA.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Mintaka Financial, LLC v. Quadix, LLC, No. 1175 MDA 2020, slip op. at 3 (Pa. Super. Aug. 19, 2021) (non-precedential)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "On August 20, 2020, the trial court granted Mintaka’s Application.\nSpecifically, the trial court imposed a charging lien, pursuant to 15 Pa.C.S.A.\n§ 8853, in the amount of $88,562.74.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/PA/7698120196b890278e2a8ebf5a441bf6fd10ad6061a88c542dd384e49ef89d46.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7698120196b890278e2a8ebf5a441bf6fd10ad6061a88c542dd384e49ef89d46", "source_url": "https://www.pacourts.us/assets/opinions/Superior/out/J-S20037-21m%20-%20104870151144261403.pdf?cb=1", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#PA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien after a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale only obtains the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 8852 (relating to transfer of transferable interest).\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/PA/7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?12&iFrame=true&txtType=HTM&ttl=15&div=00.&chpt=088.&sctn=053.&subsctn=000.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#PA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose when charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c), (f)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c), (f): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.\" Subsection (f): \"If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/PA/7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?12&iFrame=true&txtType=HTM&ttl=15&div=00.&chpt=088.&sctn=053.&subsctn=000.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#PA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as provided in subsection (f), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale only obtains the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 8852 (relating to transfer of transferable interest).\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/PA/7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?12&iFrame=true&txtType=HTM&ttl=15&div=00.&chpt=088.&sctn=053.&subsctn=000.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#PA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c), (f)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "15 Pa.C.S. 8853(c), (f): \"Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.\" Subsection (f): \"If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/PA/7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "7215f07c69ca651302390046d95898c078d3b8fdb690c5e7d2d55a9541b941c9", "source_url": "https://www.palegis.us/statutes/consolidated/view-statute?12&iFrame=true&txtType=HTM&ttl=15&div=00.&chpt=088.&sctn=053.&subsctn=000.", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#RI.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "R.I. Gen. Laws § 7-16-37", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a\n member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of\n the unsatisfied amount of judgment with interest. To the extent charged, the judgment\n creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the membership interest. 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Laws § 7-16-37", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a\n member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of\n the unsatisfied amount of judgment with interest. To the extent charged, the judgment\n creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the membership interest. 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Laws § 7-16-37", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a\n member, the court may charge the membership interest of the member with payment of\n the unsatisfied amount of judgment with interest. To the extent charged, the judgment\n creditor has only the rights of an assignee of the membership interest. This chapter\n does not deprive any member of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to that\n member’s membership interest.", "readiness": "verified_absence", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-9/captures/1468f02850f2a34a8514d3c2890b2f59b6eae50af9a30b07a1f64330fe7d84f1.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "1468f02850f2a34a8514d3c2890b2f59b6eae50af9a30b07a1f64330fe7d84f1", "source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE7/7-16/7-16-37.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#SC.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Levy v. Carolinian, LLC, Op. No. 27442, slip op. at 2 (S.C. June 18, 2014)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Thereafter, the Levys obtained a charging order in the circuit court, which\nconstituted a lien against Patel's distributional interest in Carolinian.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/SC/f332693bc785fd936bcae4b81bbcc21942df9cfd99734ceeb9981c9c982280ba.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f332693bc785fd936bcae4b81bbcc21942df9cfd99734ceeb9981c9c982280ba", "source_url": "https://www.sccourts.org/media/opinions/HTMLFiles/SC/27442.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#SC.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/SC/sc-stat-title33-chapter44-llc.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c7c23e53ca95647c1d1924c03f19b4181d9786bf6b12ed191c83c1be58b6ca50", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t33c044.php", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#SC.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/SC/sc-stat-title33-chapter44-llc.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c7c23e53ca95647c1d1924c03f19b4181d9786bf6b12ed191c83c1be58b6ca50", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t33c044.php", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#SC.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/SC/sc-stat-title33-chapter44-llc.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c7c23e53ca95647c1d1924c03f19b4181d9786bf6b12ed191c83c1be58b6ca50", "source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t33c044.php", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#SC.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.'; (c) redemption is available before foreclosure; (e) this section is the exclusive remedy.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "S.C. Code Ann. § 33-44-504 (Rights of creditor): (a) a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may obtain a charging order against the distributional interest; (b) 'the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. 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(g): \"This section applies to single member limited liability companies in addition to limited liability companies with more than one member.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/SD/SD/d689c07c28ad6f3518f48158d246fbcbe2c298d6149ef9629bb2b24cdf86ee3a.json", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d689c07c28ad6f3518f48158d246fbcbe2c298d6149ef9629bb2b24cdf86ee3a", "source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-34A-504", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TN.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Rogers Group, Inc. v. 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App. May 3, 2016)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Judgment debtor appeals the entry of a charging order which subjected the debtor’s interest in a limited liability company to satisfaction of the judgment debt.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/TN/87866d1d7eb229fa43436bbcf94fe5a8c0fba9cb9a9780d0bc3f88ffa5fd005d.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "87866d1d7eb229fa43436bbcf94fe5a8c0fba9cb9a9780d0bc3f88ffa5fd005d", "source_url": "https://tncourts.gov/courts/court-appeals/opinions/2016/05/03/rogers-group-inc-v-phillip-e-gilbert", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TN.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Public Acts 2005, ch. 286, § 509 (Tenn. Code Ann. § 48-249-509)", "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or holder of financial rights, the court may charge such person’s financial rights with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of a transferee of such person’s financial rights under § [507]. This section does not deprive any member, holder or transferee of financial rights of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the membership interest or financial rights. This section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor with respect to the judgment debtor’s membership interest or financial rights.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/TN/3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/104/pub/pc0286.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TN.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Public Acts 2005, ch. 286, § 509 (Tenn. Code Ann. § 48-249-509)", "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or holder of financial rights, the court may charge such person’s financial rights with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of a transferee of such person’s financial rights under § [507]. This section does not deprive any member, holder or transferee of financial rights of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the membership interest or financial rights. This section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor with respect to the judgment debtor’s membership interest or financial rights.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/TN/3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/104/pub/pc0286.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TN.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Public Acts 2005, ch. 286, § 509 (Tenn. Code Ann. § 48-249-509)", "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or holder of financial rights, the court may charge such person’s financial rights with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of a transferee of such person’s financial rights under § [507]. This section does not deprive any member, holder or transferee of financial rights of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the membership interest or financial rights. This section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor with respect to the judgment debtor’s membership interest or financial rights.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/TN/3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/104/pub/pc0286.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TN.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Public Acts 2005, ch. 286, § 509 (Tenn. Code Ann. § 48-249-509)", "public_reason": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or holder of financial rights, the court may charge such person’s financial rights with payment of the unsatisfied amount of the judgment with interest. To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the rights of a transferee of such person’s financial rights under § [507]. This section does not deprive any member, holder or transferee of financial rights of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the membership interest or financial rights. This section is the sole and exclusive remedy of a judgment creditor with respect to the judgment debtor’s membership interest or financial rights.", "readiness": "official_record_silent", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "badge", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-5/captures/TN/3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "3519ced630f3e04dbf086ff521bee211264840f76e0ed8fb25a775b2f936f402", "source_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/104/pub/pc0286.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TX.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "A Texas Court of Appeals opinion applied the LLC charging-order section and held that a receivership order was in error to the extent it reached the LLC interest of a member.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Pajooh v. Royal West Investments LLC, Series E, No. 01-16-00185-CV, slip op. at 16 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] Mar. 30, 2017)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Like Section 153.256, Section 101.112 provides\n\nthat “the entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment\n\ncreditor of a member” of an LLC “may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment\n\ndebtor’s membership interest.” TEX. BUS. ORGS. CODE § 101.112(d). For the reasons\n\nin the discussion of Section 153.256, we likewise conclude that a plain reading of\n\nSection 101.112(d) supports Pajooh’s argument. To the extent that the receivership\n\norder extends to his membership interest, it was in error.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/TX/cf96a10029fb49f97ee34ea421eb1235c4067be126e2c5a7e0a636695b66b2d9.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "cf96a10029fb49f97ee34ea421eb1235c4067be126e2c5a7e0a636695b66b2d9", "source_url": "https://search.txcourts.gov/SearchMedia.aspx?MediaVersionID=1e7c173f-809b-4b5c-94cc-217e2d2f34c8&coa=coa01&DT=Opinion&MediaID=b6320a2f-3e1b-4833-a88e-bc7bf3cdc028", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TX.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code sec. 101.112(c), (g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's membership interest. The charging order lien may not be foreclosed on under this code or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/TX/e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/BO/htm/BO.101.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TX.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code sec. 101.112(c), (g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's membership interest. The charging order lien may not be foreclosed on under this code or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/TX/e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/BO/htm/BO.101.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TX.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code sec. 101.112(c), (g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's membership interest. The charging order lien may not be foreclosed on under this code or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/TX/e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/BO/htm/BO.101.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#TX.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-09-30", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code sec. 101.112(c), (g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's membership interest. The charging order lien may not be foreclosed on under this code or any other law.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/TX/e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "e009a395de52e557f5d2c4d9a8a417ae0abc1b10d20312bbbb7a3ab75813ca01", "source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/BO/htm/BO.101.htm", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#UT.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "Utah Code § 48-3a-503", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-10/captures/6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8.xml", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title48/Chapter3A/C48-3a_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#UT.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien after a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Utah Code 48-3a-503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/UT/6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8.xml", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title48/Chapter3A/C48-3a_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#UT.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose when charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Utah Code 48-3a-503(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/UT/6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8.xml", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title48/Chapter3A/C48-3a_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#UT.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily available if distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Utah Code 48-3a-503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/UT/6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8.xml", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title48/Chapter3A/C48-3a_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#UT.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Utah Code 48-3a-503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/UT/6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8.xml", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6ca5439c5cc15a3a35bf2d9efa6a12a946dfde693ba308c8e7557760ab4d75b8", "source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title48/Chapter3A/C48-3a_1800010118000101.xml", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VA.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "A Virginia Court of Appeals opinion held that a court may not foreclose on an LLC interest when it enters a charging order.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, Record No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 1 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Robert L. Vaughn, Jr. obtained a judgment against Isam Farhat. To enforce the judgment,\n\nVaughn filed an application for a charging order, pursuant to Code § 13.1-1041.1, requesting that\n\nthe circuit court impose liens in favor of Vaughn on Farhat’s interests in several single-member\n\nlimited liability companies (“LLCs”) and foreclose on those interests subject to the charging order.\n\nThe court entered the charging order but declined to foreclose on those interests.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 1 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "requesting that the circuit court impose liens in favor of Vaughn on Farhat’s interests in several single-member limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and foreclose on those interests subject to the charging order.", "role": "court_statement_of_the_request_single_member_companies", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 6 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "Accordingly, the circuit court did not err, and we hold that under Code § 13.1-1041.1, courts may not foreclose on a judgment debtor’s transferable interest in an LLC pursuant to the entry of a charging order.", "role": "court_reading_of_the_section", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(D)", "public_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or of a member's assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest in the limited liability company.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 1 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "requesting that the circuit court impose liens in favor of Vaughn on Farhat’s interests in several single-member limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and foreclose on those interests subject to the charging order.", "role": "court_statement_of_the_request_single_member_companies", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 6 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "Accordingly, the circuit court did not err, and we hold that under Code § 13.1-1041.1, courts may not foreclose on a judgment debtor’s transferable interest in an LLC pursuant to the entry of a charging order.", "role": "court_reading_of_the_section", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(D)", "public_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or of a member's assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest in the limited liability company.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 1 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "requesting that the circuit court impose liens in favor of Vaughn on Farhat’s interests in several single-member limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and foreclose on those interests subject to the charging order.", "role": "court_statement_of_the_request_single_member_companies", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 6 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "Accordingly, the circuit court did not err, and we hold that under Code § 13.1-1041.1, courts may not foreclose on a judgment debtor’s transferable interest in an LLC pursuant to the entry of a charging order.", "role": "court_reading_of_the_section", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(A)", "quote": "To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the right to receive any distribution or distributions to which the judgment debtor would otherwise have been entitled in respect of the interest.", "role": "statute_subsection_a_distributions_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(D)", "public_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or of a member's assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest in the limited liability company.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 1 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "requesting that the circuit court impose liens in favor of Vaughn on Farhat’s interests in several single-member limited liability companies (“LLCs”) and foreclose on those interests subject to the charging order.", "role": "court_statement_of_the_request_single_member_companies", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Vaughn v. Farhat, No. 0162-25-2, slip op. at 6 (Va. Ct. App. Apr. 21, 2026)", "quote": "Accordingly, the circuit court did not err, and we hold that under Code § 13.1-1041.1, courts may not foreclose on a judgment debtor’s transferable interest in an LLC pursuant to the entry of a charging order.", "role": "court_reading_of_the_section", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9.pdf", "source_sha256": "c5eb02c0d60bcf01cc29ec6062b2a342cf33ecc5f75067b5ab90abae5d6b35b9", "source_url": "https://www.vacourts.gov/static/opinions/opncavwp/0162252.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(A)", "quote": "To the extent so charged, the judgment creditor has only the right to receive any distribution or distributions to which the judgment debtor would otherwise have been entitled in respect of the interest.", "role": "statute_subsection_a_distributions_only", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "pinpoint": "Va. Code section 13.1-1041.1(D)", "public_reason": "The checked official source does not state this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "The entry of a charging order is the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or of a member's assignee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest in the limited liability company.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "value_not_stated_in_source", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VA/14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "14d3a3d5667775edbd97b2995a154ba679e7905df2d04ac14e1bc41a5628b4eb", "source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title13.1/chapter12/section13.1-1041.1/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VT.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": [ { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, No. 1029-9-13 Cncv (Vt. Super. Ct. Feb. 25, 2015), slip op. at 1 (posted text unofficial)", "quote": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, No. 1029-9-13 Cncv (Toor, J., Feb. 25, 2015). [The text of this Vermont trial court opinion is unofficial. It has been reformatted from the original. The accuracy of the text and the accompanying data included in the Vermont trial court opinion database is not guaranteed.]", "role": "decision_caption_date_and_unofficial_label", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 1 (caption)", "quote": "VERMONT SUPERIOR COURT CHITTENDEN UNIT CIVIL DIVISION", "role": "decision_court_and_unit", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 1-2 (findings of fact)", "quote": "Hansen-Barre is the sole member of Jivana LLC, an active Vermont limited liability company operating a spa on Church Street in Burlington.", "role": "decision_sole_member", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 3 (conclusions of law)", "quote": "Under Vermont law, a “charging order” may be obtained by a judgment creditor against a member of a limited liability company. 11 V.S.A. § 3074.", "role": "decision_applies_earlier_statute_3074", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 3 (conclusions of law)", "quote": "The court may “charge the distributional interest of the judgment debtor to satisfy the judgment.” 11 V.S.A. § 3014.", "role": "decision_applies_earlier_statute_3014", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 4 (conclusions of law)", "quote": "Thus, the court concludes that it is appropriate at this time to grant the request for a charging order against the distributional interests of Hansen-Barre,", "role": "decision_grants_charging_order", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 4 (order)", "quote": "The motion for summary judgment is granted. The court will issue a charging order.", "role": "decision_order", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Bombay Development, LLC v. Jivana, LLC, slip op. at 4 (conclusions of law)", "quote": "The court therefore agrees that a receiver is necessary.", "role": "decision_receiver", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511.pdf", "source_sha256": "2ca47a9fc6e0a6b78dfb205172d18e2470b209a5dd3db8ba2cc6c48760568511", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/sites/default/files/documents/2015-6-15-3.pdf" }, { "pinpoint": "Dorr v. Lacoste, No. 14-1-11 Bncv (Vt. Super. Ct. Feb. 5, 2016), slip op. at 1 (posted text unofficial)", "quote": "Dorr v. Lacoste, No. 14-1-11 Bncv (Valente, J., Feb. 5, 2016). [The text of this Vermont trial court opinion is unofficial. It has been reformatted from the original. The accuracy of the text and the accompanying data included in the Vermont trial court opinion database is not guaranteed.]", "role": "decision_caption_date_and_unofficial_label", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/a932635f01e022a8c3cfc6c1edef3c08a8077ea75842c74ab975b034d852e90c.pdf", "source_sha256": "a932635f01e022a8c3cfc6c1edef3c08a8077ea75842c74ab975b034d852e90c", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/media/990" }, { "pinpoint": "Dorr v. Lacoste, slip op. at 1", "quote": "On January 8, 2016, Plaintiff submitted a Writ of Execution for the $68,715.21 judgment as well as $31.23 in daily interest.3 For the following reasons, the Court instructs the Clerk to set daily interest at $15.62 before issuing the writ.", "role": "decision_subject_writ_of_execution_interest", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/a932635f01e022a8c3cfc6c1edef3c08a8077ea75842c74ab975b034d852e90c.pdf", "source_sha256": "a932635f01e022a8c3cfc6c1edef3c08a8077ea75842c74ab975b034d852e90c", "source_url": "https://www.vermontjudiciary.org/media/990" } ], "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "11 V.S.A. section 4074", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": null, "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/VT/752330f4cffb3c9eced5e6f6fcb9b10652cc9d04b4d77c77ebec9811e8eeaa70.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "752330f4cffb3c9eced5e6f6fcb9b10652cc9d04b4d77c77ebec9811e8eeaa70", "source_url": "http://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/11/025/04074", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VT.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien after a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h): \"(a)(1) On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or transferee, the court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's distributional interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subsection (a) of this section, the court may: (1) appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made; and (2) make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (c)(1) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 4073 of this title. (d) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, the member or transferee whose distributional interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, a limited liability company or one or more members whose distributional interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This section does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's distributional interest. (g) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (h) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person, who in the capacity of a judgment creditor seeks to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee, may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's distributional interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/VT/snapshots/vt-stat-11-025-04074.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "34e15d15364136fdafede20a09b5a3d3729ca338dd2f4b2fe0e989158d0ff946", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/11/025/04074", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VT.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose when charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h): \"(a)(1) On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or transferee, the court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's distributional interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subsection (a) of this section, the court may: (1) appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made; and (2) make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (c)(1) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 4073 of this title. (d) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, the member or transferee whose distributional interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, a limited liability company or one or more members whose distributional interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This section does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's distributional interest. (g) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (h) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person, who in the capacity of a judgment creditor seeks to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee, may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's distributional interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/VT/snapshots/vt-stat-11-025-04074.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "34e15d15364136fdafede20a09b5a3d3729ca338dd2f4b2fe0e989158d0ff946", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/11/025/04074", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VT.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h): \"(a)(1) On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or transferee, the court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's distributional interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subsection (a) of this section, the court may: (1) appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made; and (2) make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (c)(1) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 4073 of this title. (d) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, the member or transferee whose distributional interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, a limited liability company or one or more members whose distributional interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This section does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's distributional interest. (g) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (h) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person, who in the capacity of a judgment creditor seeks to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee, may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's distributional interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/VT/snapshots/vt-stat-11-025-04074.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "34e15d15364136fdafede20a09b5a3d3729ca338dd2f4b2fe0e989158d0ff946", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/11/025/04074", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#VT.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "11 V.S.A. Section 4074(a)-(h): \"(a)(1) On application to a court of competent jurisdiction by any judgment creditor of a member or transferee, the court may enter a charging order against the distributional interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's distributional interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under subsection (a) of this section, the court may: (1) appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made; and (2) make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (c)(1) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the distributional interest. (2) Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the distributional interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to section 4073 of this title. (d) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, the member or transferee whose distributional interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) At any time before foreclosure under subsection (c) of this section, a limited liability company or one or more members whose distributional interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This section does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's distributional interest. (g) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company: (1) the court shall confirm the sale; (2) the purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest; (3) the purchaser thereby becomes a member; and (4) the person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (h) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person, who in the capacity of a judgment creditor seeks to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee, may satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's distributional interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/VT/snapshots/vt-stat-11-025-04074.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "34e15d15364136fdafede20a09b5a3d3729ca338dd2f4b2fe0e989158d0ff946", "source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/11/025/04074", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WA.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "A Washington Court of Appeals opinion reviewed a trial court charging order concerning an LLC interest.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Timberland Bank v. Mesaros, No. 50207-1-II, slip op. at 1 (Wash. Ct. App. Div. II May 15, 2018) (unpublished)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Shawn A. Mesaros appeals from a trial court’s charging order requiring him\n\nto provide documentation from his limited liability company (LLC) to Timberland Bank,\n\nrestraining him from taking any corporate action on behalf of the LLC, foreclosing his LLC\n\ninterest, and ordering a sheriff’s sale of his LLC interest to satisfy a judgment. Mesaros does not\n\nchallenge the portion of the charging order foreclosing on his LLC interest or ordering the sheriff’s\n\nsale. Nor does he challenge the subsequent foreclosure sale. Instead, he argues that the charging\n\norder contravened RCW 25.15.251 and .256 by (1) requiring him to provide the LLC’s records\n\nand (2) restraining him from managing and operating the LLC.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/WA/d8d5135879fff31e5665b030a3cde6c48a405aec29224e19cad1f4599db4a6c5.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "d8d5135879fff31e5665b030a3cde6c48a405aec29224e19cad1f4599db4a6c5", "source_url": "https://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/D2%2050207-1-II%20Unpublished%20Opinion.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WA/wa-rcw-25-15-256-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6bfc005750dc8e238e3fd729489026183e73588f1f1dc6fcca56dd8b3b0d3729", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=25.15.256", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WA.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WA/wa-rcw-25-15-256-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6bfc005750dc8e238e3fd729489026183e73588f1f1dc6fcca56dd8b3b0d3729", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=25.15.256", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RCW 25.15.256(2): the court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WA/wa-rcw-25-15-256-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6bfc005750dc8e238e3fd729489026183e73588f1f1dc6fcca56dd8b3b0d3729", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=25.15.256", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WA.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "RCW 25.15.256(2)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "RCW 25.15.256(2): 'A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's transferable interest. The court may order a foreclosure upon the transferable interest subject to the charging order at any time. The purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.' Subsection (5): 'This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or transferee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's transferable interest.'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WA/wa-rcw-25-15-256-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6bfc005750dc8e238e3fd729489026183e73588f1f1dc6fcca56dd8b3b0d3729", "source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=25.15.256", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WI.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "No. 2024AP2504, ¶1 (Wis. Ct. App. Oct. 30, 2025)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "divorce proceeding. On appeal, Michael Eisenga challenges two decisions that the\ncircuit court made without holding an evidentiary hearing: a decision to issue a\n“charging order” pursuant to WIS. STAT. § 183.0503 (2023-24) that placed a lien\non Eisenga’s membership interests in several limited liability companies, and a\ndecision to deny Eisenga’s motion for a modification of a provision in the divorce\njudgment that set a floor below which his monthly child support obligation would\nnot fall.1 We reject Eisenga’s arguments with respect to the charging order and\naffirm that order, but we reverse the court’s decision with respect to the motion to", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-11/unknown/513366b97a52c349b2c692adc26be381190061c15bc22f8edf8a7cd21c9734d7.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "513366b97a52c349b2c692adc26be381190061c15bc22f8edf8a7cd21c9734d7", "source_url": "https://www.wicourts.gov/ca/opinion/DisplayDocument.pdf?content=pdf&seqNo=1030661", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WI.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien after a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(3): \"183.0503 Charging order. (1) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. (2) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under sub. (1), the court may do any of the following: (a) Appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made. (b) Make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to s. 183.0502. (4) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), the member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under sub. (1) may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (5) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), a limited liability company or one or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (6) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company, all of the following apply: (a) The court shall confirm the sale. (b) The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. (c) The purchaser thereby becomes a member. (d) The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (7) This chapter does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption law applicable to the transferable interest of the member or transferee. (8) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WI/extracts/wi-chapter-183.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b078787609c3ab14fee88f24991fc38d2ec956640c4666df78824cb80c7dacfc", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/183.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WI.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose when charging-order distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(6): \"183.0503 Charging order. (1) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. (2) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under sub. (1), the court may do any of the following: (a) Appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made. (b) Make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to s. 183.0502. (4) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), the member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under sub. (1) may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (5) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), a limited liability company or one or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (6) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company, all of the following apply: (a) The court shall confirm the sale. (b) The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. (c) The purchaser thereby becomes a member. (d) The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (7) This chapter does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption law applicable to the transferable interest of the member or transferee. (8) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WI/extracts/wi-chapter-183.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b078787609c3ab14fee88f24991fc38d2ec956640c4666df78824cb80c7dacfc", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/183.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WI.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "The court may foreclose the charging-order lien upon a showing that distributions will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(3)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(3): \"183.0503 Charging order. (1) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. (2) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under sub. (1), the court may do any of the following: (a) Appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made. (b) Make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to s. 183.0502. (4) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), the member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under sub. (1) may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (5) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), a limited liability company or one or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (6) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company, all of the following apply: (a) The court shall confirm the sale. (b) The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. (c) The purchaser thereby becomes a member. (d) The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (7) This chapter does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption law applicable to the transferable interest of the member or transferee. (8) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WI/extracts/wi-chapter-183.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b078787609c3ab14fee88f24991fc38d2ec956640c4666df78824cb80c7dacfc", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/183.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WI.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure if charging-order distributions will not satisfy the judgment within a reasonable time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(6)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Wis. Stat. § 183.0503(6): \"183.0503 Charging order. (1) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), a charging order constitutes a lien on a judgment debtor's transferable interest and requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that otherwise would be paid to the judgment debtor. (2) To the extent necessary to effectuate the collection of distributions pursuant to a charging order in effect under sub. (1), the court may do any of the following: (a) Appoint a receiver of the distributions subject to the charging order, with the power to make all inquiries the judgment debtor might have made. (b) Make all other orders necessary to give effect to the charging order. (3) Upon a showing that distributions under a charging order will not pay the judgment debt within a reasonable time, the court may foreclose the lien and order the sale of the transferable interest. Except as otherwise provided in sub. (6), the purchaser at the foreclosure sale obtains only the transferable interest, does not thereby become a member, and is subject to s. 183.0502. (4) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), the member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under sub. (1) may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (5) At any time before foreclosure under sub. (3), a limited liability company or one or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (6) If a court orders foreclosure of a charging order lien against the sole member of a limited liability company, all of the following apply: (a) The court shall confirm the sale. (b) The purchaser at the sale obtains the member's entire interest, not only the member's transferable interest. (c) The purchaser thereby becomes a member. (d) The person whose interest was subject to the foreclosed charging order is dissociated as a member. (7) This chapter does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption law applicable to the transferable interest of the member or transferee. (8) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a member or transferee may, in the capacity of judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WI/extracts/wi-chapter-183.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b078787609c3ab14fee88f24991fc38d2ec956640c4666df78824cb80c7dacfc", "source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/183.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WV.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-04", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_judicial_source", "display": "litigated", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "Tina W. v. Spencer W., No. 23-ICA-501, at 4 & nn.7-8 (W. Va. Intermediate Ct. App. Oct. 1, 2024)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "Third, Tina W. contends that the family court erred when it refused to grant her\nemergency motion for entry of a charging order, filed on October 17, 2022.7 Upon review\nof this issue, the record reflects that the family court noted in its October 12, 2023, order\nthat it entered an order on March 7, 2022, granting Tina W.’s request to transfer\nunencumbered assets from certain businesses and that Tina W. was able to sell certain\nvehicles and equipment but failed to provide an accounting to the family court regarding\nthe monies she collected. Spencer W.’s GAL provided evidence that Spencer W. has\nsatisfied approximately $610,000 of the amount owed by him to Tina W. Further, the\nfamily court noted that Tina W., as of the time she filed her emergency motion, had not yet\nprovided evidence showing that her lien was perfected and had not provided an accounting\nto the family court. Therefore, we conclude at this time that Tina W.’s argument lacks\nmerit. There was no need for the family court to enter a charging order if Tina W. has\nalready received a sizable portion of the monies due her in equitable distribution but has\nnot yet provided an accounting of said received funds.8\nAs her fourth assignment of error, Tina W. asserts that the family court erred by\ndenying her emergency petition to enforce her first lien rights which had been granted to\nher in the parties’ January 13, 2015, corrected agreed decree of divorce. We disagree. Upon\nour review of this issue, it appears that the family court’s ruling on this issue was\nmisunderstood by Tina W. In its October 12, 2023, order, the family court stated that Tina\nWest Virginia Code § 31B-5-504(b) (1996) states that “[a] charging order\nconstitutes a lien on the judgment debtor’s distributional interest” in a limited liability\ncompany and further explains that “[t]he court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a\ndistributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the\nforeclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.”\n7\n\nMoreover, it is unlikely that a family court has jurisdiction over a judgment debt\ncollection proceeding brought under West Virginia Code § 31B-5-504.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/c.13.charging-order-11/unknown/b7d2033844240fd93114baea8d6461f5ad6282756406d45b59a697eef44e0e8f.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b7d2033844240fd93114baea8d6461f5ad6282756406d45b59a697eef44e0e8f", "source_url": "https://www.courtswv.gov/sites/default/pubfilesmnt/2024-10/23-ICA-501_MD.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WV.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WV/wv-31b-5-504-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b594e8021f6b4b072f75755a7158a05c9a0c3653c4eb69775de5ad04f470435", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/31B-5-504/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WV.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "A court may foreclose the charging-order lien at any time.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WV/wv-31b-5-504-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b594e8021f6b4b072f75755a7158a05c9a0c3653c4eb69775de5ad04f470435", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/31B-5-504/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WV.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): the court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time.", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WV/wv-31b-5-504-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b594e8021f6b4b072f75755a7158a05c9a0c3653c4eb69775de5ad04f470435", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/31B-5-504/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WV.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute permits foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W. Va. Code section 31B-5-504(b): 'A charging order constitutes a lien on the judgment debtor's distributional interest. The court may order a foreclosure of a lien on a distributional interest subject to the charging order at any time. A purchaser at the foreclosure sale has the rights of a transferee.' Subsection (e): 'This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a judgment creditor of a member or a transferee may satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's distributional interest in a limited liability company.'", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/snapshots/WV/wv-31b-5-504-charging-order.html", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "6b594e8021f6b4b072f75755a7158a05c9a0c3653c4eb69775de5ad04f470435", "source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/31B-5-504/", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WY.llc.case_law_status": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-07", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_case_law_status_none_statutory_source", "display": null, "fetch_event_id": null, "not_established_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "pinpoint": "W.S. § 17-29-503(g)", "public_reason": "The checked source text does not state the row-specific detail needed for this value.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "quote": "(g) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a\nperson seeking to enforce a judgment against a judgment debtor,\nincluding any judgment debtor who may be the sole member,\ndissociated member or transferee, may, in the capacity of the\njudgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment\ndebtor's transferable interest or from the assets of the limited\nliability company. Other remedies, including foreclosure on the\njudgment debtor's limited liability interest and a court order\nfor directions, accounts and inquiries that the judgment debtor\nmight have made are not available to the judgment creditor\nattempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's\ninterest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered\nby the court.", "readiness": "gap", "reason_code": "text_not_located_after_search", "rendered": "not_established", "snapshot_path": "rigs/content-production/pp-program-2026-10-03/lanes/01-cells/r2.q4.final.gap4-charging-6/captures/WY/f0fd7eb843b83bb60095bad496330f8dfd46ff7051dff8d1bec822650a3671f6.pdf", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "f0fd7eb843b83bb60095bad496330f8dfd46ff7051dff8d1bec822650a3671f6", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WY.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure of the charging-order lien is not available.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g): \"17-29-503. Charging order. (a) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. A charging order requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) Reserved. (c) Reserved. (d) The member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) A limited liability company or one (1) or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This article does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's transferable interest. (g) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a judgment debtor, including any judgment debtor who may be the sole member, dissociated member or transferee, may, in the capacity of the judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest or from the assets of the limited liability company. Other remedies, including foreclosure on the judgment debtor's limited liability interest and a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the judgment debtor might have made are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by the court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WY/extracts/wyoleg-title17.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b542041a21c10bf6868985bae72944c8f2c53f1f479b293ed7bea43e99373040", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WY.llc.foreclosure_evidence_condition.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_evidence_condition_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is not available to the judgment creditor.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g): \"17-29-503. Charging order. (a) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. A charging order requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) Reserved. (c) Reserved. (d) The member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) A limited liability company or one (1) or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This article does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's transferable interest. (g) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a judgment debtor, including any judgment debtor who may be the sole member, dissociated member or transferee, may, in the capacity of the judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest or from the assets of the limited liability company. Other remedies, including foreclosure on the judgment debtor's limited liability interest and a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the judgment debtor might have made are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by the court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WY/extracts/wyoleg-title17.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b542041a21c10bf6868985bae72944c8f2c53f1f479b293ed7bea43e99373040", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WY.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.multi_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_multi_member_statutory_source", "display": "Foreclosure is statutorily barred.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g): \"17-29-503. Charging order. (a) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. A charging order requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) Reserved. (c) Reserved. (d) The member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) A limited liability company or one (1) or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This article does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's transferable interest. (g) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a judgment debtor, including any judgment debtor who may be the sole member, dissociated member or transferee, may, in the capacity of the judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest or from the assets of the limited liability company. Other remedies, including foreclosure on the judgment debtor's limited liability interest and a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the judgment debtor might have made are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by the court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WY/extracts/wyoleg-title17.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b542041a21c10bf6868985bae72944c8f2c53f1f479b293ed7bea43e99373040", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "structuring" }, "structuring:llc-charging_order#WY.llc.foreclosure_statutory_posture.single_member": { "additional_sources": null, "capture_date": "2026-10-01", "claim_type": "llc_charging_order_foreclosure_statutory_posture_single_member_statutory_source", "display": "The statute expressly bars foreclosure of the charging-order lien.", "fetch_event_id": null, "pinpoint": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g)", "public_reason": null, "publish_status": "publish_ready", "quote": "W.S. § 17-29-503(a)-(g): \"17-29-503. Charging order. (a) On application by a judgment creditor of a member or transferee, a court may enter a charging order against the transferable interest of the judgment debtor for the unsatisfied amount of the judgment. A charging order requires the limited liability company to pay over to the person to which the charging order was issued any distribution that would otherwise be paid to the judgment debtor. (b) Reserved. (c) Reserved. (d) The member or transferee whose transferable interest is subject to a charging order under subsection (a) of this section may extinguish the charging order by satisfying the judgment and filing a certified copy of the satisfaction with the court that issued the charging order. (e) A limited liability company or one (1) or more members whose transferable interests are not subject to the charging order may pay to the judgment creditor the full amount due under the judgment and thereby succeed to the rights of the judgment creditor, including the charging order. (f) This article does not deprive any member or transferee of the benefit of any exemption laws applicable to the member's or transferee's transferable interest. (g) This section provides the exclusive remedy by which a person seeking to enforce a judgment against a judgment debtor, including any judgment debtor who may be the sole member, dissociated member or transferee, may, in the capacity of the judgment creditor, satisfy the judgment from the judgment debtor's transferable interest or from the assets of the limited liability company. Other remedies, including foreclosure on the judgment debtor's limited liability interest and a court order for directions, accounts and inquiries that the judgment debtor might have made are not available to the judgment creditor attempting to satisfy a judgment out of the judgment debtor's interest in the limited liability company and may not be ordered by the court.\"", "readiness": "ready", "reason_code": null, "rendered": "value", "snapshot_path": "structuring/discovery/WY/extracts/wyoleg-title17.txt", "snapshot_resolved": true, "source_class": "S1", "source_sha256": "b542041a21c10bf6868985bae72944c8f2c53f1f479b293ed7bea43e99373040", "source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "table": "structuring" } }, "class": "REFERENCE", "content_file_sha256": "d7a7dd871de82578c780714b96882d6d29d5e59b53fa9358b2de6e6851b206f0", "figure_slots": [], "generator": "page-generator/1", "held": { "cells": [], "counts": { "gap": 0, "no_quote": 0, "unconfirmed": 0, "unresolved": 0 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"creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "The board may make beneficiary distributions only where claims of foundation creditors are not diminished." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "At least EUR 70,000 must be dedicated. A foundation declaration establishes the Privatstiftung, which arises on entry in the Firmenbuch." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/NormDokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Anlage=&Artikel=&Gesetzesnummer=10001700&Paragraf=439&ShowPrintPreview=True&Uebergangsrecht=", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "General Austrian creditor-avoidance windows under EO § 439 are ten years, two years, or one year depending on intent, counterparty knowledge, close-party status, or dissipative-contract facts." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The foundation declaration identifies the beneficiary or determining body unless the purpose benefits the general public, gives founder identifying details, requires electronic tax-office notice for determined beneficiaries, and keeps any supplemental deed from the Firmenbuch court." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Classification-dependent U.S. hooks: Form 3520/3520-A if treated as a foreign trust; Form 5471 if treated as a foreign corporation; Form 8938/FBAR may apply to reportable foreign assets/accounts." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10004569&ShowPrintPreview=True", "cell_locator": "Austria.Privatstiftung.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "The tax rate for private-foundation income under KStG §13(3) and (4) is 27.5% from 2026." } }, "jurisdiction": "Austria", "last_checked": "2026-09-26", "official_source_url": "https://ris.bka.gv.at/GeltendeFassung.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Gesetzesnummer=10003154&ShowPrintPreview=True", "row_id": "Austria.Privatstiftung", "state": "Austria - Privatstiftung" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "An Executive Entity must keep reliable accounting records, retain accounting records for at least five years, and lay income/expenditure accounts and a balance sheet within 18 months after registration and then at least once every calendar year." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "Where an Executive Entity has been removed from the register, a creditor may make a claim against the Executive Entity and pursue the claim through to judgment or execution." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A person establishes an Executive Entity by subscribing a Charter and complying with the Act; formation in The Bahamas is not complete until registration under section 28." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1991/1991-0001/1991-0001.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Under the Bahamas Fraudulent Dispositions Act, no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Act more than two years after the date of the relevant disposition." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The registered-office file must include Founder and officer/member name-and-address particulars; inspection is limited to Founders, officers, and council members under section 53." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "cell_locator": "Bahamas.Executive Entity.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "An Executive Entity is exempt from business licence fee unless carrying on business in The Bahamas, income tax, capital gains tax, and tax on income or distributions under section 64." } }, "jurisdiction": "Bahamas", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://laws.bahamas.gov.bs/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2011/2011-0052/2011-0052.pdf", "row_id": "Bahamas.Executive Entity", "state": "Bahamas - Executive Entity" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Every LLC must pay the annual registration fee and prescribed fees." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "Section 36 permits a court charging order and makes that remedy the sole and exclusive remedy for a judgment creditor or other creditor of a member." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "Formation is by executing and delivering articles of organisation to the Registrar." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Section 37(2) states a one-year-from-formation branch and a second branch for a transfer that takes place after two years after the earliest cause of action arose." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "For a transfer-of-domicile application, the company must provide its registered agent information needed to identify persons with beneficial ownership interests." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Applicable U.S. reporting can include IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR, depending on ownership, classification, accounts, and transactions." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.International LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "The Act exempts the LLC from listed Belize taxes measured by assets or income originating outside Belize and qualifying administration in Belize." } }, "jurisdiction": "Belize", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/INTERN3.pdf", "row_id": "Belize.International LLC", "state": "Belize - International LLC" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Act-No.-40-of-2023-Trusts-Amendment-Act-2023.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Trustees or trust agents must file annual beneficial-ownership/control attestation reports by March 31 for the prior year." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "For a Belize-law trust, the court does not recognize another jurisdiction’s creditor-insolvency claim against trust property on that foreign-law or foreign-order basis." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "An international trust must be created by written instrument." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to a Belize trust as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the Trusts Act (Cap. 202, Revised Edition 2020) and the Trusts (Amendment) Act, 2023, by word search for fraud, creditor, limitation and years. The general Belize law on transfers made to defeat creditors is section 149 of the Law of Property Act (Cap. 190, Revised Edition 2020), published by the Attorney General's Ministry: it makes a transfer made with intent to defraud creditors voidable, and section 149, read in full, states no time limit. The Limitation Act (Cap. 170) was not read, so the period is not settled.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "not_established" }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bccar.bz/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/Act-No.-40-of-2023-Trusts-Amendment-Act-2023.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The Trusts Act keeps the International Trusts register confidential and the 2023 amendment adds annual beneficial-ownership/control attestation content." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Applicable U.S. reporting can include IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR, depending on ownership, classification, accounts, and transactions." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "cell_locator": "Belize.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "A registered international trust is exempt from Income and Business Tax Act provisions." } }, "jurisdiction": "Belize", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.belizefsc.org.bz/wp-content/uploads/1992/04/Cap-202-Trusts-Act.pdf", "row_id": "Belize.Trust", "state": "Belize - Trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "The company must keep records and underlying documentation and retain them for at least five years." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A member of a limited company has no liability as a member for company liabilities; shareholder liability to the company is limited to unpaid share amounts, memorandum or articles liabilities, and repayment under section 58(1)." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A proposed registered agent applies to incorporate by filing the memorandum and, except for an unlimited company not authorised to issue shares, the articles." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.fraudulent_transfer_window", "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer by a BVI business company as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the BVI Business Companies Act and the Insolvency Act (Revised Editions as at 1 January 2020), with the Insolvency (Amendment) Acts of 2022 and 2024, on the BVI Financial Services Commission site, by word search for fraud. The Insolvency Act does set a vulnerability period for undervalue transactions, but that test does not turn on an intent to defraud, so it is not stated here as the fraud period. The general BVI law on transfers made to defeat creditors was not found on the official sites searched.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "not_established" }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "A company keeps a register of members that includes the names and addresses of holders of registered shares and the number of each class and series held by each shareholder." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Certain U.S. officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file IRS Form 5471 to satisfy sections 6038 and 6046 reporting requirements." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Section 242 of the captured Revised Edition states that a company and specified company payments and gains are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Ordinance." } }, "jurisdiction": "British Virgin Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/bvi_business_companies_act.pdf", "row_id": "British Virgin Islands.Business Company", "state": "British Virgin Islands - Business Company" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/virgin_islands_special_trusts_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Subject to section 9, the trustee holds designated shares on trust to retain them, and that retention duty has precedence over preserving or enhancing trust-fund value." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.creditor_remedy", "not_established_reason": "No creditor remedy against designated shares or the property of a BVI VISTA trust, open to a creditor of the settlor or a beneficiary, was found. Searched: the Virgin Islands Special Trusts Act, read in full (sections 1 to 16, Revised Edition as at 1 January 2020), its 2021 amendment, and the Trustee Act by word search for creditor. The Trustee Act provision found, section 102, applies only if the trust terms say so and concerns liabilities the trustee has taken on by contract, so it is not stated here as the remedy. The wider BVI law on creditor claims against trust property was not found on the official sites searched.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "not_established" }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/virgin_islands_special_trusts_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "Section 4 permits the VISTA direction only where the trust fulfills the stated conditions: a written testamentary or inter vivos instrument, a designated trustee when the direction takes effect, trust terms requiring a designated trustee while the direction has effect, and no creation under another trust's power unless that other trust is a Virgin Islands trust with at least one designated trustee." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to a BVI VISTA trust as a fraud on creditors was found. Searched: the Virgin Islands Special Trusts Act, read in full (sections 1 to 16), and the Trustee Act by word search for fraud, creditor and years. The Trustee Act mentions section 81 of the Conveyancing and Law of Property Ordinance and the Act against Fraudulent Deeds, Gifts, Alienations (section 83A(15)); neither was found on the official sites searched, so the period is not settled.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "not_established" }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/act_no_16_of_2024-trustee_amendment_act_2024_1.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Under section 92B of the Trustee Act, a relevant trustee of an applicable trust must collect, keep and maintain adequate, accurate and up to date information on the beneficial owners of the trust, and must cooperate with a competent authority and with a law enforcement agency, which may include disclosing information, producing documents and providing other material." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons file IRS Form 3520 to report certain foreign-trust transactions and ownership under Internal Revenue Code sections 671 through 679." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/trustee_act.pdf", "cell_locator": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Under section 90 of the Trustee Act, the income of any trust in the hands of a trustee is exempt from income tax, and beneficiaries who are not resident in the Territory are exempt from income tax on money received from the trustee and from any estate, inheritance, succession or gift tax on distributions. The exemptions do not apply to a trust that has land in the Territory as an underlying asset or that carries on a business or trade in the Territory." } }, "jurisdiction": "British Virgin Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://bvifsc.vg/sites/default/files/virgin_islands_special_trusts_act.pdf", "row_id": "British Virgin Islands.VISTA trust", "state": "British Virgin Islands - VISTA trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "A foundation company must at all times have a qualified person as secretary; the secretary remains until a qualified replacement is appointed and the Registrar is notified with the prescribed fee." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A recipient with actual knowledge must repay the amount or value of a prohibited distribution that would leave the foundation company unable to pay debts as they fall due." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "If the Registrar is satisfied that the foundation-company requirements will be met for a company being formed, its certificate of incorporation contains a declaration that it is a foundation company." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1989/1989-0015/1989-0015_1996%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Under the Cayman Islands Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Law more than six years after the date of the relevant disposition." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "A foundation company keeps at its registered office a register with supervisor names and addresses and appointment and cessation dates, updating changes within sixty days." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Certain U.S. officers, directors, or shareholders in certain foreign corporations file IRS Form 5471 to satisfy sections 6038 and 6046 reporting requirements." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company.vehicle_tax_treatment", "not_established_reason": "No statement of how a Cayman foundation company is taxed was found. Searched: the Foundation Companies Act (2025 Revision), by word search for tax, and the Cayman Islands legislation site for the Tax Concessions Act, which was not found there, so the tax treatment is not settled.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "Cayman Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/2017/2017-0029/2017-0029_2025%20Revision.pdf", "row_id": "Cayman Islands.Foundation company", "state": "Cayman Islands - Foundation company" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Trustees must keep the listed STAR trust documentary records in the Cayman Islands at the trust corporation office, unless a court order or section 105 permission authorises otherwise; the court may permit non-compliance if trust execution will not be prejudiced." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A foreign judgment is not recognized, enforced, or given estoppel effect insofar as it is inconsistent with sections 91 or 92 of the Trusts Act." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A trust or power is special under Part VIII when created by or on the terms of a written testamentary or inter vivos instrument containing a declaration that Part VIII applies." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1989/1989-0015/1989-0015_1996%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Under the Cayman Islands Fraudulent Dispositions Law (1996 Revision), no action or proceedings may be commenced under that Law more than six years after the date of the relevant disposition." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The trustee must keep in the Cayman Islands a documentary record of the trust terms and the identity of the trustee and enforcers." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons file IRS Form 3520 to report certain foreign-trust transactions and ownership under Internal Revenue Code sections 671 through 679." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_locator": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "not_established_reason": "No statement of how a Cayman STAR trust is taxed was found. Searched: the Trusts Act (2021 Revision), by word search for tax and exempt, including the Part VIII provisions on STAR trusts, and the Cayman Islands legislation site for the Tax Concessions Act, which was not found there. The tax undertaking in the Trusts Act is for trusts registered as exempted trusts, and nothing found says a STAR trust is one, so the tax treatment is not settled.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "Cayman Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://legislation.gov.ky/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1967/1967-0006/1967-0006_2021%20Revision.pdf", "row_id": "Cayman Islands.STAR trust", "state": "Cayman Islands - STAR trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/16%20Certificate%20of%20registration/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S16_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "A registration certificate is valid for its specified period; renewal calls for an application and prescribed fee by certificate expiry. The Registrar may extend that time in sole discretion on a trustee’s application if satisfied that an interested party’s inadvertence caused the failure. Each renewal may be for no more than five years." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/13B%20Fraud/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S13B_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "For a settlor creditor to reach property disposed to an international trust under s. 13B(1), the creditor must prove beyond reasonable doubt the settlor’s principal intent to defraud that creditor and that the disposition left the settlor insolvent or without property to satisfy the claim; recovery is limited to property that would otherwise have been available to satisfy the claim, up to the settlor’s prior interest in that property plus any subsequent accumulation to it." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/15%20Registration/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S15_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "Registration as an international trust requires a trustee-company certificate and a notice of the trust name and registered office filed with the Registrar; the Registrar then registers the trust and issues a certificate." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/13B%20Fraud/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S13B_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Section 13B(3) deems fraudulent intent absent if settlement or disposition occurs more than two years after the creditor’s cause of action accrued; within two years, the creditor must commence proceedings within one year of the settlement or disposition, subject to its already-commenced-proceedings proviso. Section 13K(1) separately requires covered proceedings in the Cook Islands High Court within two years of settlement or disposition." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/23%20Privacy/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S23_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Under section 23 of the Cook Islands International Trusts Act 1984, it is an offence for a person to disclose to any other person information relating to the establishment, constitution, business undertaking or affairs of an international trust, except where the Act requires the disclosure. The offence does not apply to a disclosure that the Court requires or authorises, that is made to discharge a duty or exercise a power under any Act, or that is made as required by or under a search warrant. A trustee, or an officer or employee of a trustee or trustee company, may give that information to any person the trustee considers necessary, in its complete discretion, for managing and administering the trust in the ordinary course of business, including to a legal practitioner for legal advice or for prosecuting or defending litigation about the trust. The section does not use the words settlor or beneficiary, so it does not say who may see their names or whether they are held on a public list." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/27B%20Application%20of%20other%20enactments/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S27B_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.International trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Subject to s. 3, s. 27B(1) prevents Cook Islands enactments outside the International Trusts Act and the enactments in its Schedule from imposing listed taxes or filing duties on an international trust." } }, "jurisdiction": "Cook Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/INTERNATIONAL%20TRUSTS%20ACT%201984/15%20Registration/sect_LOCI_INTRA_ITA84_S15_htm", "row_id": "Cook Islands.International trust", "state": "Cook Islands - International trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/20%20Limited%20liability%20company%20reports/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S20_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "An LLC must file a report at annual registration renewal stating its name and place of organisation and the registered agent’s name and business address." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/45%20Rights%20of%20Creditor%20against%20a%20member/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S45_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A creditor defined in s. 45(1) may apply for a charging order over a member’s interest; the order permits receipt of distributions when made, and is the sole and exclusive remedy against membership rights." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/11%20Formation/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S11_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A trustee company acting for one or more persons who do not reside in the Cook Islands may organise an LLC by executing and delivering articles of organisation to the Registrar; any such natural person must be at least 18 years old. Those persons need not remain members after formation." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window", "not_established_reason": "No time limit for challenging a transfer to or by a Cook Islands LLC as fraudulent was found. Searched: the Limited Liability Companies Act 2008, section by section on the Cook Islands Laws portal, by word search for fraud, void, set aside, years and creditor. Sections 22, 44 and 46 and Schedule 1 came back blank from the portal, so those sections were searched in the Financial Supervisory Commission's PDF of the Act instead. The two-year rule in the International Trusts Act (sections 13B and 13K) is written for international trusts, not LLCs, so it is not applied here.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "not_established" }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/32%20Records/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S32_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "An LLC must keep a current list of each member and manager’s name and address at its registered office; a member may reasonably request inspection and copying at the member’s expense." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/76%20Application%20of%20other%20Acts%20to%20limited%20liability%20companies/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S76_htm", "cell_locator": "Cook Islands.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Subject to s. 76(2), s. 76(1) prevents Cook Islands enactments outside the LLC Act, Schedule 1, and subordinate instruments under those enactments from imposing listed taxes or filing duties on an LLC." } }, "jurisdiction": "Cook Islands", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://cookislandslaws.gov.ck/api/search_results_data/LIMITED%20LIABILITY%20COMPANIES%20ACT%202008/11%20Formation/sect_LOCI_LLCA_LLCA08_S11_htm", "row_id": "Cook Islands.LLC", "state": "Cook Islands - LLC" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.annual_obligations", "not_established_reason": "Any recurring annual filing or renewal duty for a Cyprus international trust remains unconfirmed because the cited trustee-compliance provision does not establish an annual cadence.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "not_established" }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "The exception applies where it is proved judicially that the international trust was created with intent to defraud creditors; the burden of proof is borne by the creditors." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "The settlor and beneficiaries meet the preceding-year residence conditions (with the charitable exception); at least one trustee remains Cyprus-resident throughout." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "An action against a trustee is brought within two years from the date of the transfer or disposition." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "A person may not disclose documents or information about the settlor's name or any beneficiary's name, except as provided by the statute." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Conditional U.S. hooks: Forms 3520 and 3520-A for foreign-trust circumstances, Form 8938 for reportable specified foreign financial assets, and FBAR for reportable foreign financial accounts." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "cell_locator": "Cyprus.International trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Income and gains are addressed by source and beneficiary residence, including Cyprus-source amounts and amounts of resident or nonresident beneficiaries." } }, "jurisdiction": "Cyprus", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "http://www.cylaw.org/nomoi/enop/non-ind/1992_1_69/full.html", "row_id": "Cyprus.International trust", "state": "Cyprus - International trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/akt/106072023131/blob-html", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "After the end of the financial year, the management board prepares the annual report in the manner provided by the Accounting Act." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/517122025006/blob-html", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A creditor enforcing a judgment may reach an OÜ share through attachment and sale under §125, subject to its registration status." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.e-resident.gov.ee/start-a-company/", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "E-residents can register an Estonian company online using digital ID access." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/501122025004/blob-html", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Bankruptcy transaction recovery has conditional one-, three-, and five-year periods under §110(1); these are general insolvency rules, not a special OÜ formation window." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.riigiteataja.ee/public-api/api/v1/en/akt/503122024002/blob-html", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "OÜ beneficial-owner data is filed through the Commercial Register; access to the returned data depends on the requester’s access rights." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "Classification-dependent U.S. hooks: Form 5471 for certain foreign corporations; Form 8938 and FBAR may apply to reportable foreign assets/accounts." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://emta.ee/en/business-client/taxes-and-payment/income-and-social-taxes/taxation-dividends", "cell_locator": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Estonian resident companies pay 22/78 income tax on distributed profit or dividends; undistributed profit is not taxed as a distribution." } }, "jurisdiction": "Estonia", "last_checked": "2026-09-26", "official_source_url": "https://www.e-resident.gov.ee/start-a-company/", "row_id": "Estonia.OU plus e-Residency", "state": "Estonia - OU plus e-Residency" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Each Isle of Man LLC must deliver an annual return in prescribed form within one month of the anniversary of registration, stating registered office, registered agent, manager, and member particulars, plus beneficial-ownership compliance." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.creditor_remedy", "not_established_reason": "The remedies available to a creditor of an Isle of Man LLC member remain unconfirmed because the LLC Act provisions reviewed do not answer whether a charging order is exclusive or whether foreclosure, a creditor bond, or a foreign-judgment bar applies.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "not_established" }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A resident in the Island may apply to form an LLC by delivering compliant articles of organisation, registered-agent consent, and a prescribed registered-office statement to the Department." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Schedule 4 addresses fraud in winding up: fraudulent gifts, transfers, charges, or executions made with intent to defraud creditors are offences, and a two-month period is stated for concealment or removal of property after an unsatisfied judgment or order." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://iomfsa.im/beneficial-ownership/faqs/", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The beneficial-ownership FAQ lists an LLC under the Limited Liability Companies Act 1996 as a legal entity to which the Act applies; for covered entities, registrable beneficial-owner details must be recorded on the Isle of Man Database." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. person reporting hooks for a foreign LLC depend on U.S. classification; IRS Form 5471 covers certain foreign corporations, Form 8865 covers certain foreign partnerships, and Form 8858 covers foreign disregarded entities and branches." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gov.im/categories/business-and-industries/companies-registry/registries/limited-liability-companies/?iomg-device=Desktop", "cell_locator": "Isle of Man.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "The Isle of Man registry page states that LLC profits are treated as member income for income-tax purposes." } }, "jurisdiction": "Isle of Man", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://legislation.gov.im/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1996/1996-0019/1996-0019_6.pdf", "row_id": "Isle of Man.LLC", "state": "Isle of Man - LLC" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/registry-fees/limited-liability-company-fees/", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "The JFSC fee schedule identifies receipt of the annual confirmation statement for LLCs and late-filing fee bands tied to annual-confirmation timing." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_32_2018", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "LLC debts and liabilities are solely those of the LLC. A member or manager is not personally liable solely because of that status, although either may separately agree to personal liability." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/registry-fees/limited-liability-company-fees/", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "The registrar receives documents on an application to form a limited liability company and each series; the 2024 JFSC fee table states standard processing periods and fees for that function." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_32_2018", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "An LLC must not distribute to or release an obligation of a member while insolvent or if that act causes insolvency. For six months after receipt of a prohibited distribution or release, or in a case of fraud, the member is liable to the LLC for the distribution amount or obligation." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/register-or-make-a-change/about-limited-liability-company/", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Every Jersey LLC must give the JFSC details of the individuals who ultimately own or control it upon registration and upon any change." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5471", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. person reporting hooks for a foreign LLC depend on U.S. classification; IRS Form 5471 covers certain foreign corporations and Form 8865 covers certain foreign partnerships." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://gov.je/SiteCollectionDocuments/Tax%20and%20your%20money/Partnerships%20Guidance.pdf", "cell_locator": "Jersey.LLC.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "A company incorporated under the Limited Liability Companies (Jersey) Law 2018 is tax transparent for Jersey income-tax purposes. Its secretary must complete a Partnership Combined Notification on the company’s behalf." } }, "jurisdiction": "Jersey", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://www.jerseyfsc.org/registry/registry-fees/limited-liability-company-fees/", "row_id": "Jersey.LLC", "state": "Jersey - LLC" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://gov.je/TaxesMoney/IncomeTax/Individuals/YourTaxReturn/Pages/TrustAndEstateReturnNotes.aspx", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "A newly created trust must send its trust paperwork to Revenue Jersey for tax registration. The trust tax return is completed each year to report trust income, and a certificate of income and tax paid is completed for each beneficiary." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "When a trustee becomes insolvent or distraint, execution, or a similar legal process is used against the trustee’s property, the trustee’s creditors have no claim against trust property beyond the trustee’s own claim against, or beneficial interest in, the trust. Article 9(1) directs its listed trust questions to Jersey law, subject to Article 9(2A)’s contrary trust terms and limits concerning settlor ownership or disposition power, corporate capacity, disposition formalities, foreign immovable property, and testamentary dispositions. Jersey légitime applies to those questions only if the settlor is domiciled in Jersey." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "A Jersey trust exists where a trustee holds or is deemed to hold property for a beneficiary, for a non-trustee-only purpose, or for both." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/publications/jglr/Pages/JLR0206_Case_Summaries.aspx", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "For a Jersey Pauline action to set aside a disposition that defeats creditors, the creditor debt must precede the transaction; the prescription period for the personal action concerning movables is ten years." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Trust terms may confer disclosure rights on any person. Subject to the trust terms and a court order, a noncharitable beneficiary, a named charitable beneficiary, or an enforcer may request trust-account documents; a trustee may refuse if satisfied that refusal serves one or more beneficiaries or the beneficiaries as a whole." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "A U.S. person trust-reporting hook is IRS Form 3520 for certain transactions with foreign trusts, ownership of foreign trusts under IRC sections 671 through 679, and certain large foreign gifts or bequests." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://gov.je/TaxesMoney/IncomeTax/Individuals/TypesTaxableIncome/pages/trustsettlementdistributions.aspx", "cell_locator": "Jersey.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "Trust or settlement income distributions are liable to Jersey tax. Income distributions from a Jersey trust have Jersey tax deducted at 20% before payment and must still be declared on the recipient’s personal tax return." } }, "jurisdiction": "Jersey", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://www.jerseylaw.je/laws/current/l_11_1984", "row_id": "Jersey.Trust", "state": "Jersey - Trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/regulations/amlcft/guidelines-directives-circulars/guidelines-on-beneficial-ownership-for-labuan-entities/guidance-note-on-submission-of-beneficial-ownership-information-for-labuan-entities", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "From 1 July 2026, Labuan FSA guidance requires annual beneficial-ownership submission by 31 January and change updates within 30 days; registered trusts also give an existence notice within one month after each registration anniversary." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "For a validly created Labuan trust, section 10(1)(d) bars recognition of foreign-law or foreign-court insolvency creditor claims against trust property, subject to section 11; for a resident settlor, section 10 applies only insofar as consistent with Malaysian written law." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "Registration with Labuan FSA is optional; at least one trustee must be a Labuan trust company." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Section 11(3) states the two-year and one-year conditions for creation, registration, or disposition; for a resident settlor, section 11 applies only insofar as consistent with Malaysian written law." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/2025/A1757-BI-LABUAN-TRUSTS-%28AMENDMENT%29-ACT-2025_24042025.pdf", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The trustee keeps the beneficial-owner register at the registered office and lodges notice of changes with the Authority within 30 days after recording them." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. persons should screen for applicable IRS international information returns, Form 8938, and FBAR reporting." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_locator": "Labuan.Trust.vehicle_tax_treatment", "not_established_reason": "The cited text states only that subsections are deleted. It does not establish the current tax rate or exemptions for a Labuan trust, so those terms remain unconfirmed.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "Labuan", "last_checked": "2026-09-20", "official_source_url": "https://labuanfsa.gov.my/clients/asset_120A5FB8-61B6-45E8-93F0-3F79F86455C8/contentms/img/documents/Legislation_and_Guidelines/Legislation/Principal_Legislation/Labuan-Trusts-Act-1996-Act-554.pdf", "row_id": "Labuan.Trust", "state": "Labuan - Trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Foundation records depend on activity; supervised foundations normally receive an annual purpose-use review, subject to the public-benefit auditor-waiver rule. General PGR accounting duties depend on registration and commercial activity." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "Family-foundation and family-Anstalt beneficiary protections have different statutory conditions; vehicle debts have recourse to vehicle assets, and trust assets are segregated from a trustee's insolvency subject to statutory exceptions." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "An inter vivos Stiftung uses a certified written declaration and 30,000 CHF/EUR/USD minimum; testamentary formation has separate form rules. Foundation registration depends on type; Anstalt registration has statutory exceptions; Treuunternehmen registration is constitutive." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Stiftung/qualifying Anstalt gift challenges: RSO one-year route for specified gratuitous acts and gifts with exceptions and creditor burden; intentional-prejudice claims are timing-independent, while the avoidance action has a five-year act-based limitation with a judicial-service notice extension rule. Gratuitous Treuunternehmen transfers: five-year pre-insolvency or failed-enforcement period with insolvency proof and last-resort liquidation." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Foundation, Anstalt, and Treuunternehmen filings carry form-specific register data; foundations without a registration duty file a founding notice within 30 days." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. reporting hooks in the cited IRS pages: Forms 3520/3520-A for specified foreign-trust events/ownership, Form 5471 for specified foreign-corporation roles, Form 8938 for threshold specified foreign financial assets, and FBAR for threshold foreign financial accounts." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/2010340000", "cell_locator": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "The general earnings-tax rate is 12.5%; Articles 64 and 65 set minimum-tax treatment for private asset structures and qualifying special asset dedications, with Article 65(2) preserved." } }, "jurisdiction": "Liechtenstein", "last_checked": "2026-09-26", "official_source_url": "https://nextmobile.gesetze.li/konso/html/1926004000", "row_id": "Liechtenstein.Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen", "state": "Liechtenstein - Stiftung / Anstalt / Treuunternehmen" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Marshall Islands.LLC.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "A domestic LLC pays an annual fee due on the anniversary of its certificate-of-formation filing." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Marshall Islands.LLC.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "A judgment creditor may charge a member’s LLC interest; the creditor has assignee rights only, and §43 states these are the sole remedies against that interest." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Marshall Islands.LLC.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "An LLC is formed through a certificate of formation filed with the Registrar." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_locator": "Marshall Islands.LLC.fraudulent_transfer_window", "not_established_reason": "Section 43 states that a court may charge a member’s limited liability company interest with payment of an unsatisfied judgment and that the section’s remedies are the sole remedies available to a creditor of a member’s interest. It does not state a fraudulent-transfer limitation period, so the applicable period remains unconfirmed.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "not_established" }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1990/1990-0091A/1990-0091A_6.pdf", "cell_locator": "Marshall Islands.LLC.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Every domestic LLC keeps member records. 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Trust" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - ADGM.Foundation.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "ADGM foundations must preserve accounting records for ten years, subject to other applicable ADGM law, and may be required by the Registrar to deliver records, accounts, returns, or an audit." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - ADGM.Foundation.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "ADGM creditor relief under section 33 turns on court-determined insolvency or intent to defraud, with the creditor bearing the burden for set-aside claims." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - 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ADGM.Foundation.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - ADGM.Foundation.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income." } }, "jurisdiction": "UAE - ADGM", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://en.adgm.thomsonreuters.com/sites/default/files/net_file_store/ADGM1547_19329_VER20260424.pdf", "row_id": "UAE - ADGM.Foundation", "state": "UAE - ADGM - Foundation" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "DIFC foundations have accounting-record and account-approval obligations; approved accounts are filed or provided within 30 days depending on Registered Agent status." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "Article 14 limits creditor recovery to transferred property or proceeds when fraud and transfer-caused insolvency or lack of property to satisfy the claim are found." }, "formation": { "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.formation", "not_established_reason": "Article 17(1) establishes the signed filing with the Registrar. The licensed-agent requirement, government fee amounts and basis, and processing time remain unconfirmed.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "formation", "value": "not_established" }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Article 53A(2) gives a three-year window from disposition for a claimant who meets both the prior-interest and legal-or-equitable-interest conditions." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "The DIFC Register is publicly inspectable; natural-person nationality and address may be retained by the Registrar but excluded from the Register." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income." } }, "jurisdiction": "UAE - DIFC", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://assets.difc.com/v1/media/edge/images/dubaiintern0078-difcexperie96c5-production-3253/media/project/difcexperiences/difc/difcwebsite/documents/laws--regulations/foundations-law-difc-law-no-3-of-2018_updated.pdf", "row_id": "UAE - DIFC.Foundation", "state": "UAE - DIFC - Foundation" }, { "cells": { "annual_obligations": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.annual_obligations", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "annual_obligations", "value": "Foundation obligations include annual return, fee, accounts, and five-year accounting-record preservation; company obligations include annual return within 30 days, annual fee, and five-year records retention." }, "creditor_remedy": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.creditor_remedy", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "creditor_remedy", "value": "Foundation creditor recovery is limited under Regulation 7 when fraud and insolvency conditions are met; company creditor claims may proceed through judgment or execution after striking-off under Regulation 244(3)." }, "formation": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.formation", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "formation", "value": "Foundation formation uses a founder-signed Registrar application; company formation uses proposed-registered-agent filing of memorandum, articles, agent consent, member/director particulars, and Registrar certificate issuance." }, "fraudulent_transfer_window": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.fraudulent_transfer_window", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "fraudulent_transfer_window", "value": "Foundation limitation period is three years under Regulation 68A; no company-side trust/foundation look-back analogue was located in the fetched business-company regulations." }, "ownership_disclosure": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.ownership_disclosure", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "ownership_disclosure", "value": "Foundation register data covers core registration, registered agent, and council members; company member registers are Registrar-held and generally not public under the cited regulations." }, "us_person_reporting_hooks": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-3520", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.us_person_reporting_hooks", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "us_person_reporting_hooks", "value": "U.S. reporting is classification-dependent: Forms 3520/3520-A for foreign-trust treatment, Form 5471 for certain foreign-corporation treatment, and Form 8938/FBAR where the asset/account thresholds and facts apply." }, "vehicle_tax_treatment": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.tax.gov.ae/Datafolder/Files/Pdf/2026/Guide/Family%20Foundations%20Guide%20-%20EN%20-%2005%2006%202026.pdf", "cell_locator": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company.vehicle_tax_treatment", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "vehicle_tax_treatment", "value": "UAE Corporate Tax treatment is conditional: separate-legal-personality family foundations are juridical persons in the first instance, transparent treatment may be available by FTA application, and QFZP income is split between 0% qualifying income and 9% non-qualifying taxable income." } }, "jurisdiction": "UAE - RAK ICC", "last_checked": "2026-09-22", "official_source_url": "https://www.rakicc.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/RAK-ICC-Foundations-Regulations-2019-Consolidated-with-Amendments-2025-FINAL-1.pdf", "row_id": "UAE - RAK ICC.Foundation / international company", "state": "UAE - RAK ICC - Foundation / international company" } ], "scope_label": "26 jurisdiction / vehicle records", "unresolved_cells": "print_reason" }, "land-trust-record-fields": { "field_definitions": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": "The stored assessor-portal observation for the named jurisdiction, limited to that record system.", "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": "The stored beneficiary-disclosure-trigger observation for the named jurisdiction.", "lt.recorder_record_shows": "The stored observation about what the recorder record shows in the named jurisdiction.", "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": "The stored observation about the taxpayer name on the relevant roll in the named jurisdiction.", "lt.trust_type": "The stored land-trust type observation for the named jurisdiction and current observation version.", "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": "The stored observation about trustee title on the deed in the named jurisdiction." }, "last_updated": "2026-10-07", "matrix_id": "lt:land-trust-record-fields", "row_header": "Jurisdiction", "rows": [ { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-40.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Alaska land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule found; Title 40 provides general public access to recorded documents and indices." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Alaska private land-trust type was found in the sources reviewed; Title 34 contains general trust-conveyance and common-interest-community references." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Alaska land-trust-specific rule on the trustee's title on the deed was found in the sources reviewed; AS 34.25.055 is general trust-conveyance law." } }, "jurisdiction": "AK", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-34.pdf", "row_id": "AK", "state": "Alaska" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "AL.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "AL", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "", "row_id": "AL", "state": "Alabama" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "AR.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "AR", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "", "row_id": "AR", "state": "Arkansas" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/33/00404.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Disclosure is triggered by trustee grantee conveyances, trustee grantor conveyances, and recorded notice of beneficiary changes." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/33/00404.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Recorded trustee conveyance or change notice shows trust identification/legal description and beneficiary names/addresses or a recorded document reference." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/33/00404.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Arizona source set addresses real-property trusts and trustee-held title in deeds/conveyances." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/33/00404.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A deed or conveyance where the grantee is described as or acts as trustee triggers beneficiary disclosure." } }, "jurisdiction": "AZ", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/33/00404.htm", "row_id": "AZ", "state": "Arizona" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB§ionNum=18100.5", "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "§ 18100.5(d)-(e): the certification need not contain the trust's dispositive provisions; a person whose interest is affected may require excerpts designating the trustee or conferring authority, but not the dispositive terms or beneficiary identities." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB§ionNum=18100.5", "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "A recorded § 18100.5 certification shows the trust's existence, execution date, settlor identity, currently acting trustee identity, and the legal description of any real-property interest held in the trust; it does not show the dispositive terms or beneficiaries." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB§ionNum=18100.5", "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "California statutory certification of trust: a trustee may present a certification in lieu of the full trust instrument to establish the trust's existence or terms, including the legal description of real property held in the trust." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB§ionNum=18100.5", "cell_locator": "CA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "§ 18100.5(c): the certification, as an acknowledged declaration signed by all currently acting trustees, may be recorded in the office of the county recorder in the county where the real property is located." } }, "jurisdiction": "CA", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PROB§ionNum=18100.5", "row_id": "CA", "state": "California" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "§ 38-30-172(2)(d): a statement of authority need only state the entity's name, type/formation jurisdiction, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position — it does not require disclosure of the trust's settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "A recorded statement of authority shows the trust's name, entity description, mailing address, and the authorized signer's name or position; it does not show the settlor, beneficiaries, or dispositive terms." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Colorado real-property trust-recording mechanism under C.R.S. § 38-30-108.5: a trust may deal with real or personal property in the trust's own name, evidenced for real property by a recordable trustee statement of authority." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "§ 38-30-108.5(2): to evidence a trustee's authority over real property held in the trust's name, any trustee may execute and record a statement of authority with the county clerk and recorder of the county where the real property is located." } }, "jurisdiction": "CO", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-38.pdf", "row_id": "CO", "state": "Colorado" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821b.htm", "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Connecticut's town clerk indexes an instrument that involves a trust under the trust's name and also under the names of all trustees named in the instrument." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_203.htm", "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Connecticut assessors list real estate under the person in whose name the title stands on the land records (Conn. Gen. Stat. § 12-64(a))." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821b.htm", "cell_locator": "CT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "In Connecticut a deed can convey real property to a trust itself instead of to its trustees, and the transfer is still valid and enforceable." } }, "jurisdiction": "CT", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_821b.htm", "row_id": "CT", "state": "Connecticut" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No District of Columbia rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No DC land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Title 29 certificate-of-trust content rule (trust name, principal-office address, registered agent) is the generic statutory-trust formation filing, not a real-property disclosure trigger." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/42/chapters/15/index.full.html", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No District of Columbia land-trust rule on what the recorder's record shows was found; D.C. Code § 42-1501 (Statute of Uses) is general trust and conveyancing law, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No District of Columbia rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; the District has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No DC land-trust type found; the Title 29 statutory trust is a generic business-trust entity form created by Mayor-filed certificate, not a real-property title-holding trust type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "cell_locator": "DC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No DC land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Title 29 ‘hold or take title to property’ power is the entity's generic property-holding clause, with no real-property/real-estate/deed text anywhere in the chapter." } }, "jurisdiction": "DC", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/titles/29/chapters/12/index.full.html", "row_id": "DC", "state": "District of Columbia" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No Delaware rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Delaware has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Delaware land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the Act's beneficial-owner/beneficial-interest definitions and certificate-of-trust filing govern the generic statutory-trust entity, not a real-property disclosure trigger." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Delaware land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the statewide Act does not address real-property recording or deed-index treatment for statutory-trust property." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No Delaware land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Delaware has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Delaware land-trust type found; the statutory trust is a generic business-trust entity form organized for any lawful business or activity, expressly including REIT/REMIC qualification, not a real-property title-holding trust type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "cell_locator": "DE.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Delaware land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; the Act's title-holding language is the entity's generic ‘holding or otherwise taking title to property’ purpose clause, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule." } }, "jurisdiction": "DE", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title12/c038/sc01/index.html", "row_id": "DE", "state": "Delaware" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/193.114", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "County property appraiser prepares assessment rolls; roll includes owner/name-address fields and a confidentiality code under s. 119.071." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Recorded land-trust instrument need not name beneficiaries; parties dealing with trustee need not inquire into unrecorded trust terms." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/695.01", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "County official records show conveyances/transfers/mortgages and recorded instruments; land-trust title instrument can show trustee title without beneficiary names." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/193.114", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Real property assessment roll includes the owner name and address." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Florida land trust is an express written arrangement in land with title vested in a trustee by recorded instrument." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "cell_locator": "FL.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Recorded instrument vests legal and equitable title in the land-trust trustee." } }, "jurisdiction": "FL", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/689.071", "row_id": "FL", "state": "Florida" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Beneficial interests are represented by certificates issued as provided by the deed." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The trust-estate deed is filed with the superior court clerk for the county of the trust principal office." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Trust estate created by deed for property owners or persons seeking beneficial ownership." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "cell_locator": "GA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Legal title to trust-estate property vests and remains in the trustee during the estate." } }, "jurisdiction": "GA", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.ga.gov/Legislation/20092010/98040.pdf", "row_id": "GA", "state": "Georgia" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol12_Ch0501-0588/HRS0558/HRS_0558-0008.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Beneficiaries must be disclosed in the recorded conveyance and in litigation, violation, government-contract, and application contexts stated in HRS §558-8." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol12_Ch0501-0588/HRS0558/HRS_0558-0008.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The recorded conveyance transferring title to the trustee must disclose each beneficiary name and pro rata interest." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol12_Ch0501-0588/HRS0558/HRS_0558-0002.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "The chapter authorizes trusts that incorporate Chapter 558 by reference and convey title to a qualified trustee." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol12_Ch0501-0588/HRS0558/HRS_0558-0004.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A recorded instrument transferring real-property interests to a qualified trustee vests legal and equitable title in the trustee." } }, "jurisdiction": "HI", "last_checked": "2026-10-06", "official_source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol12_Ch0501-0588/HRS0558/HRS_0558-0002.htm", "row_id": "HI", "state": "Hawaii" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how an Iowa county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Iowa Code chapters on assessing and listing property do not mention an assessor's portal.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "Whether Iowa requires land-trust beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Iowa Legislature search for the term land trust turns up only homestead-credit and land-recycling provisions in the Code, not a disclosure rule.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/614.14.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The Iowa trustee-transfer affidavit form references the trust date, legal description, conveying instrument, and county recorder recording data." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/441.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Iowa assessment rolls are prescribed to permit entering the names of all persons assessed." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/614.14.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Iowa source set supports generic trust-held real estate mechanics, not a separate land-trust entity type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/614.14.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Iowa treats real estate held of record by a trust as held of record by the trustee." } }, "jurisdiction": "IA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/614.14.pdf", "row_id": "IA", "state": "Iowa" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how an Idaho county assessor's online portal shows land-trust property is unconfirmed: the Idaho assessment sections read do not mention an assessor's portal.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "Whether Idaho requires land-trust beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Idaho trust sections read do not mention land trusts.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "What an Idaho county recorder's record shows for a land trust is unconfirmed: the Idaho recording sections read do not mention trusts or land trusts.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "ID.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "ID", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "", "row_id": "ID", "state": "Idaho" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K2.html", "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Applications to Illinois, its agencies, or political subdivisions for land-related benefits, authorizations, licenses, or permits must identify each land-trust beneficiary by name, address, and interest." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200420/076504200K3.html", "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Illinois requires the trustee of a land trust to record, with the county recorder, an instrument that transfers a beneficial interest in the trust (with exceptions), and lets the recorded copy leave out the names of the parties." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K1.html", "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Illinois defines a land trust as an arrangement in which trustee-held real-property title benefits beneficiaries whose interest is personal property." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K1.html", "cell_locator": "IL.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "The Illinois land-trust definition states that legal and equitable title to real property is held by a trustee." } }, "jurisdiction": "IL", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200765/Act%200405/076504050K1.html", "row_id": "IL", "state": "Illinois" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "Who is named on an Indiana tax roll for land held in a land trust is unconfirmed: Indiana law assesses property controlled by a trustee to the trustee, but does not say what name a county prints.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_23.html", "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Indiana's Business Trust Act describes the land trust as a form of trust under which a trustee or trustees holds the legal or equitable title to real estate, issues no transferable certificates of beneficial interest and has fewer than one hundred beneficiaries." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "IN.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "IN", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_23.html", "row_id": "IN", "state": "Indiana" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "KS.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "KS", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "", "row_id": "KS", "state": "Kansas" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=49164", "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Kentucky's property-tax listing statute says the holder of legal title, the holder of equitable title, and the claimant or bailee in possession on the assessment date are liable for the taxes, and that the property may be assessed in any of their names." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "KY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "KY", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=49164", "row_id": "KY", "state": "Kentucky" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Recording an extract of trust under R.S. 9:2092 requires beneficiary name or description." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Trust instrument or extract is recorded in each parish where the property is located." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/law.aspx?d=107158", "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "A recorded conveyance must designate the person responsible for property taxes and the mailing address for tax and assessment notices." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "R.S. 9:2092 applies to inter vivos trusts and testamentary trusts whose property includes immovables." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "cell_locator": "LA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Recorded trust extract must identify trustee information; the statute does not prescribe a separate marketing-style land-trust deed-title form." } }, "jurisdiction": "LA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=106918", "row_id": "LA", "state": "Louisiana" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "A trustee certificate may certify the identity of trustees or beneficiaries; no separate mandatory land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The most recently recorded trustee certificate in the registry of deeds for the county or district where the real estate lies controls." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleIX/Chapter59/Section44", "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Massachusetts assessment lists exhibit valuation/classification/assessment and include nonresident owner names or descriptions where applicable." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Massachusetts source set supports nontestamentary trust-held real estate certificate mechanics, not a separate land-trust entity type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "cell_locator": "MA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "The trustee who appears from registry or land-court records may sign the certificate for real estate owned by the nontestamentary trust." } }, "jurisdiction": "MA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartII/TitleI/Chapter184/Section35", "row_id": "MA", "state": "Massachusetts" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://dat.maryland.gov/realproperty/Pages/Questions-and-Answers-About-Real-Property-Assessments.aspx", "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that an owner who wants a name concealed in its records can create a trust, list the owner and others as the beneficiaries, and record a new deed in the land records transferring the property into the trust." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://dat.maryland.gov/realproperty/Pages/Questions-and-Answers-About-Real-Property-Assessments.aspx", "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Maryland's State Department of Assessments and Taxation says that Tax-Property Article 2-211(b)(1) requires the owner of a tax account to be shown on its records, and that its records reflect the ownership of property listed within the deeds that are officially recorded among the county's land records." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=2-116&enactments=false", "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Maryland law says that a grant of land to a trustee whose title is nominal only, who has no express power of disposition or management of the property and who holds it for a beneficiary expressly designated in the instrument, is void as to the trustee and is a direct grant to the beneficiary." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=2-116", "cell_locator": "MD.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Maryland treats a deed to a trustee whose title is nominal only, and who has no express power of disposition or management, as void as to the trustee and as a direct grant to the named beneficiary (Real Property section 2-116(a))." } }, "jurisdiction": "MD", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=2-116&enactments=false", "row_id": "MD", "state": "Maryland" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No statewide Maine rule on how assessor portals display or control information on land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Maine beneficiary-disclosure trigger specific to land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Maine statewide land-trust-specific recorder-record display rule was found; general trust recording/notice provisions were reviewed as negative context." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No statewide Maine rule on how taxpayer names are displayed or controlled on tax rolls for land trusts was found in the official sources reviewed." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Maine state-level land trust or title-holding real-property trust law was found in the official sources reviewed." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "cell_locator": "ME.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Maine land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; 33 M.R.S. section 851-A is a general trust-conveyance rule and was not counted as a land-trust regime." } }, "jurisdiction": "ME", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/search.asp", "row_id": "ME", "state": "Maine" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-700-7913", "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "A trustee may furnish a certificate of trust instead of the trust instrument to a person other than a trust beneficiary; the certificate need not include dispositive terms." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-435", "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "A recorded certificate of trust supplies reliance protection; further examination is not required unless an amendment or revocation is recorded in the same office." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-431", "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "The state source set identifies an express-trust real-property instrument and certificate-of-trust regime, not a land-trust-specific title act." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-431", "cell_locator": "MI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A real-property instrument executed pursuant to an express trust may be accompanied by a certificate of trust that includes the legal description of the affected real property." } }, "jurisdiction": "MI", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-565-431", "row_id": "MI", "state": "Michigan" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1014", "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "A certificate of trust may be recorded, and trustee affidavits may be recorded in county recorder or registrar of titles offices." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1013", "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Equivalent real-property trust privacy substrate: certificate of trust and trustee affidavit document trustee identity and powers for real-property transactions." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1014", "cell_locator": "MN.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Trustee affidavits identify trustees empowered to transfer title interests in real property held in trust." } }, "jurisdiction": "MN", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/501C.1013", "row_id": "MN", "state": "Minnesota" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.710", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Not addressed: Section 141.710's 'beneficiaries' are the taxing authorities imposing real estate taxes, not private trust beneficiaries with a disclosure trigger." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.750", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Not addressed: Section 141.750's deed-recital rule governs the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust's tax-delinquent-land sales, not a private land-trust recorder-record disclosure rule." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No statewide taxpayer-name-on-roll display rule for Missouri Chapter 141 land-trust property is stated in the captured source set." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Missouri land-trust trust type was found; Chapter 141's 'land trust' is a public corporation acting in a governmental capacity, not a private settlor/trustee/beneficiary trust form." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.750", "cell_locator": "MO.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Not addressed: Section 141.750's warranty-deed conveyance authority belongs to the Chapter 141 public-corporation land trust, not a private trustee-title-on-deed mechanism." } }, "jurisdiction": "MO", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=141.700", "row_id": "MO", "state": "Missouri" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Not addressed by the source: the statewide sources do not establish how county assessor portals display trust real property under Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b)." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "§ 91-8-407(b)(2) requires a memorandum of trust to state the trust's name, the trustee's identity and address, the settlor's identity and address, a legally sufficient description of the real-property interests held by or conveyed to the trust, termination terms, and the trustee's general powers — it does not require naming beneficiaries." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Section 91-8-407(b)(1)-(2): a trust instrument or memorandum of trust filed for record with the clerk of the chancery court in the county where the real property is located shows the trust name, trustee identity/address, settlor identity/address, and the real-property description — it does not show beneficiaries or dispositive terms." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b) does not address whose name appears on the tax roll for trust-owned real property." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Mississippi has no dedicated land-trust act; it has a real-property trust-memorandum recording mechanism in its general trust code (Miss. Code Ann. § 91-8-407(b)), distinct from and more specific than the state's generic § 91-8-1013 certification-of-trust provision." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "§ 91-8-407(b)(2) permits the deed of conveyance itself to serve as the memorandum of trust (or an amendment to it) when it contains the information a memorandum must contain, so a recorded deed to the trust or trustee can itself satisfy the real-property trust-memorandum requirement." } }, "jurisdiction": "MS", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/content/documents/pol_res/trusts/SB2727SG.pdf", "row_id": "MS", "state": "Mississippi" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No Montana rule on how an assessor's online portal shows land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Montana land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the filed verified trustee list and transferable beneficial-interest certificates are generic business-trust filing/securities mechanics, not a real-property disclosure trigger." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Montana land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the county clerk/recorder filing is a generic business-trust creating-instrument/amendment filing, not a land-trust real-property recorder rule." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0020/section_0010/0350-0050-0020-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No Montana rule on the name shown on the tax roll for land-trust property was found; Montana has no land-trust law for such a rule to be part of." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Montana land-trust type found; the business trust/Massachusetts trust is a generic common-law business-entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "cell_locator": "MT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Montana land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; ‘property is held and managed by trustees’ is the entity's generic property-holding definition, not a real-property-specific trustee-title rule." } }, "jurisdiction": "MT", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0350/chapter_0050/part_0010/section_0010/0350-0050-0010-0010.html", "row_id": "MT", "state": "Montana" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_36C/GS_36C-10-1013.html", "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "For real-property transactions, a certification of trust may be executed and acknowledged for registration in the county register of deeds office; the certification includes trustee identity/address and manner of taking title, but not dispositive terms." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_105/GS_105-302.html", "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "In North Carolina, real property whose title is held by a trustee, guardian or other fiduciary is listed by the fiduciary in a fiduciary capacity, unless another part of the same section provides otherwise." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_36C/GS_36C-10-1013.html", "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "North Carolina provides a real-property trust-title mechanism: N.C.G.S. § 36C-10-1013(a)(8) requires a certification of trust to state how title to trust property is taken. N.C.G.S. § 39-44's reference to Illinois land trusts is definitional and is not the basis for that mechanism." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_39/GS_39-6.7.html", "cell_locator": "NC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A deed or other instrument purporting to transfer property to a trust is deemed a transfer to the trustee or trustees of that trust." } }, "jurisdiction": "NC", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_36C/GS_36C-10-1013.html", "row_id": "NC", "state": "North Carolina" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "North Dakota deed records must show each grantee post-office address and any known or existing city street address; conveyances naming a trust as grantee are not void solely for naming the trust." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "North Dakota has a real-property trust-title mechanism, not a dedicated land-trust act. Under N.D. Cent. Code § 47-19-42.1, a conveyance may name a trust rather than its trustee as grantee when the grantee's identity is reasonably ascertainable." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "cell_locator": "ND.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A North Dakota conveyance is not void or voidable solely because the grantee is a trust rather than the trustee, so long as the grantee's identity is reasonably ascertainable from the conveyance or other public record (N.D. Cent. Code § 47-19-42.1)." } }, "jurisdiction": "ND", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t47c19.pdf", "row_id": "ND", "state": "North Dakota" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=30-3881", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust assessor-portal control rule was located in the reviewed official source set." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/search_keyword.php", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger was located in the reviewed official source set." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=36-103", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust recorder-record display rule was located in the reviewed official source set." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=30-3881", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule was located in the reviewed official source set." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/search_keyword.php", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust trust type was located; reviewed Nebraska sources contain general trust/land provisions rather than a land-trust regime." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=36-103", "cell_locator": "NE.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Nebraska land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule was located in the reviewed official source set." } }, "jurisdiction": "NE", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/search_keyword.php", "row_id": "NE", "state": "Nebraska" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/LVI/564-B/564-B-10-1013.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "A trustee may furnish a certification instead of the trust instrument to nonbeneficiaries, and the certification need not contain dispositive terms; no separate land-trust beneficiary-disclosure act was found." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XLVIII/477/477-3-a.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "A deed, conveyance, court order, or other instrument affecting title to real estate is recorded at length in the county registry of deeds." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/V/76/76-7.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "The inventory/tax record for real estate includes the owner name if known, and RSA 76:7-a can require an alphabetical list of real-estate owners with street address and assessed value." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XLVIII/477/477-17.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "The official source set supports generic trusts concerning lands and trust certifications, not a separate New Hampshire land-trust entity type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/LVI/564-B/564-B-10-1013.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "A certification of trust may state the manner of taking title to trust property; conveyances affecting real estate title are recorded in the county registry of deeds." } }, "jurisdiction": "NH", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XLVIII/477/477-17.htm", "row_id": "NH", "state": "New Hampshire" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "What a New Jersey county recording office's record shows for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions recording a trust or a certification of trust against land, and the property title of the statutes was not read.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "Whose name appears on a New Jersey tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act never mentions tax rolls, assessment or a taxpayer, and the tax title of the statutes was not read.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "Whether New Jersey defines a land-trust form of trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act provides for trusts generally and never uses the words land trust, and the property and tax titles of the statutes were not read.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "NJ.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "Whether a New Jersey deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code act lists, as an item of a certification of trust, the name under which title to trust property may be held, but does not say how title is shown on a deed, and the property title was not read.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "NJ", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "", "row_id": "NJ", "state": "New Jersey" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "Who controls how a New Mexico county assessor's online portal shows trust-held property is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention assessors, tax rolls or portals.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "Whether New Mexico law requires a land trust's beneficiaries to be disclosed is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) has a certification of trust identify the settlor and the acting trustee, not the beneficiaries, and no provision on disclosing a land trust's beneficiaries was identified.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "In New Mexico a certification of trust used to affect title to real property can be recorded: the person receiving it may require a trustee to acknowledge it so that it can be recorded." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "Which name New Mexico shows on the property-tax roll for land held in a trust is unconfirmed: the only text read, a page of the Uniform Trust Code, does not mention tax rolls or assessment.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "New Mexico's Uniform Trust Code lets a trustee give a certification of trust (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013). Subsection B covers a certification used to affect title to real property, which the person receiving it may require a trustee to acknowledge so that it can be recorded." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "NM.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "Whether a New Mexico deed to a land trust must name the trustee or the trust is unconfirmed: the Uniform Trust Code section read (NMSA 1978 § 46A-10-1013) lists the manner of taking title to trust property as an item in a certification of trust, but nothing read says how title is shown on a deed.", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "NM", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1532993/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc113361280&textToSearch=", "row_id": "NM", "state": "New Mexico" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "When a recorded document has a trustee party, Nevada recorder indexes include the trustee and the party for whom the trust is held; deed-of-trust trustee exceptions apply." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "County recorder documents and indexes are open to public inspection except statutory confidentiality exceptions; the index includes parties and document data." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-163.html", "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Nevada recognizes a trust relating to real property when it is created by operation of law or evidenced by the written instruments listed in NRS 163.008(1). Under NRS 163.008(2), the trust may be recorded in the county where the property is located. This is a real-property trust-title mechanism, not an inference from general trustee powers." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "NV.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "NV", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-163.html", "row_id": "NV", "state": "Nevada" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/RPT/457-A", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Not addressed: the assessor-filing step in Real Property Tax Law § 457-a belongs to the community land trust property-tax exemption, and New York has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state beneficiary-disclosure triggers." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state what a recorder record shows for the trust." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not state taxpayer-name-on-roll treatment." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/RPP/520", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No New York land-trust trust type was found; the reviewed sections describe a community-land-trust property-tax exemption and municipal land-preservation activities, not a title-holding trust form." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/search?search_term=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "NY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Not addressed: reviewed NY land-trust result sections do not specify trustee title-on-deed wording." } }, "jurisdiction": "NY", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/RPP/520", "row_id": "NY", "state": "New York" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "A memorandum of trust must state trustee name/address, trust execution date, and trustee real-property powers/restrictions; the required list does not include beneficiaries." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The county recorder records a memorandum of trust in official records; if it describes specific real property it is recorded under the specific-real-property official-records provision." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "A disclosed trust conveying real property uses a memorandum of trust recorded in the county where the real property is located." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "cell_locator": "OH.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "If a trust is grantor or grantee and a compliant memorandum is recorded, the conveyance is considered to be to or from the trustee or trustees." } }, "jurisdiction": "OH", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-5301", "row_id": "OH", "state": "Ohio" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "The county-clerk memorandum required for trust-held real property states the creation date and trustee names; a certification of trust need not include dispositive terms." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "For trust-held real property acquired after the act, the trustee files a memorandum of trust with the county clerk where the property is located." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "The Oklahoma Trust Act covers express trusts in real and personal property; its definition excludes business trusts." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Real property may be acquired and held in the name of an express private trust, with conveyances made in the trust name by the trustees." } }, "jurisdiction": "OK", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os60.pdf", "row_id": "OK", "state": "Oklahoma" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors130.html", "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "A nonbeneficiary proposing to deal with the trustee may require a certification of trust; dispositive terms need not be included." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors205.html", "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "County clerk real-property records include deed and mortgage records with direct grantor/grantee indexes." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors308.html", "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Assessment roll sets down owner name; tax collector mails tax statements to the person shown on the tax roll as owner." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors130.html", "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Oregon source set supports express trusts and trustee-held real property rather than a separately named land-trust act." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors093.html", "cell_locator": "OR.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Oregon deed law recognizes deeds made to a grantee in trust or designating the grantee as trustee without naming a beneficiary." } }, "jurisdiction": "OR", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors130.html", "row_id": "OR", "state": "Oregon" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/53/00.088..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Each Pennsylvania county assessment office must keep property record cards showing the owner's name and mailing address and an owner index searchable by name, and the assessment roll, which lists the last known owner of record of each parcel, is open to public inspection at the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. §§ 8834, 8841). The chapter sets no online-portal rule and no land-trust rule." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "note": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "unknown", "visible_subline": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/53/00.088..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Pennsylvania's recorder of deeds must document and maintain, for every recorded deed or conveyance of land, the deed date, the grantor and grantee names, the grantee's address, the consideration, the municipality, and the acreage and plan-lot designation when the deed mentions them, and must file that information monthly with the county assessment office (53 Pa.C.S. § 8862). The rule covers every deed; it has no land-trust provision." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "note": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "unknown", "visible_subline": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.trust_type", "note": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "unknown", "visible_subline": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/15/00.095..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "note": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet.", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "unknown", "visible_subline": "No confirmed value is available for this field yet." } }, "jurisdiction": "PA", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/53/00.088..HTM", "row_id": "PA", "state": "Pennsylvania" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address who controls the name shown in a county assessor portal." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "34-11-37 protects the grantee's right to sell and a subsequent transferee from liability to “any undisclosed beneficiary” when the trust terms are not set forth in the recorded instrument -- a protective/enabling provision for an undisclosed-beneficiary structure, not itself a disclosure mandate (contrast AZ 33-404, UT 75B-2-816)." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "34-11-37 contemplates the grantee's conveyance instrument being “duly executed and recorded,” optionally referencing a separately “recorded instrument which sets forth [the trust's] terms and the place in the public records where [that] instrument is recorded” -- a record-reference mechanism, not a requirement that the trust terms themselves appear on the conveyance." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "The Rhode Island provisions reviewed—General Laws title 18 and title 34, chapter 11—do not address whose name appears on the tax roll." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Rhode Island has a deed-to-trustee mechanism under R.I. Gen. Laws § 34-11-37, which governs title to real property. It is not a dedicated land-trust act." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "cell_locator": "RI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "R.I. Gen. Laws 34-11-37 gives legal effect to a recorded conveyance naming the grantee “trustee” or “as trustee” even where the instrument does not itself state the trust's terms, provided it may instead specify a recorded instrument stating those terms -- a deed-to-trustee mechanism parallel to OR 93.210 and IA 614.14." } }, "jurisdiction": "RI", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE34/34-11/34-11-37.HTM", "row_id": "RI", "state": "Rhode Island" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: the certificate of trust need not contain the trust's dispositive terms, so recording it for a real-property transaction does not disclose beneficiaries." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The Register of Deeds or Clerk of Court record shows the recorded certificate of trust (settlor, trust name, trust date, current trustee(s), trust address, and title-vesting manner) for a real-property transaction, not the trust's dispositive terms." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t12c037.php", "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "In South Carolina, property held in a trust is listed and assessed as the property of the trustee, styled as trustee, committee or guardian as the case may be (S.C. Code § 12-37-740(3))." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Real-property trust-title mechanism without a dedicated land-trust act: a certification of trust under § 62-7-1013(a) includes the manner of taking title to trust property and is recordable for real-property transactions under subsection (j)." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "cell_locator": "SC.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "The statutory certificate-of-trust form states the manner of taking title to trust property for real-property transactions." } }, "jurisdiction": "SC", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t62c007.php", "row_id": "SC", "state": "South Carolina" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust assessor-portal rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-1", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; §§47-14A-1/17/19 define beneficial owner and undivided interest but create no land-trust-specific public disclosure trigger." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust county-recorder record rule found; the cited business-trust sections address trustee title and business-trust property, not county recorder display fields." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-22", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; South Dakota has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-1", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust type found; the business trust is a generic common-law entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-19", "cell_locator": "SD.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No South Dakota land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; §47-14A-22's trustee legal-title provision is generic business-trust property language, and beneficial interest is expressly personal property." } }, "jurisdiction": "SD", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/47-14A-1", "row_id": "SD", "state": "South Dakota" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=67-5-502", "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Tennessee requires each assessor to keep a record for every parcel of taxable real property that shows, among other items, the name of the true owner or owners, if known (Tenn. Code Ann. § 67-5-804(a))." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.trust_type", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_locator": "TN.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "TN", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=67-5-502", "row_id": "TN", "state": "Tennessee" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TX/htm/TX.25.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address county appraisal-district assessor-portal display; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "Texas Property Code § 114.086(d) provides a certification of trust is not required to contain the trust's dispositive terms; § 114.086(j) preserves the right to obtain the full trust instrument only in a judicial proceeding — no public beneficiary-disclosure trigger outside litigation." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "When a § 114.086 certification of trust is recorded in the county where the trust's real property is located, Texas Property Code § 114.087(d) establishes that the recorded document is presumed to correctly identify the trust and the trustee." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/TX/htm/TX.25.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Texas's found real-property trust-title mechanism (Property Code § 114.087(d)) does not itself address the taxpayer name shown on the appraisal roll; reviewed Tax Code chapter 25 appraisal-record provisions state only generic owner-name/address fields." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Texas does not use a separate 'land trust' statutory label; any express trust under the Texas Trust Code may use a Property Code § 114.086 certification of trust, which under § 114.087(d) functions as Texas's real-property trust-title mechanism when recorded." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Texas Property Code § 114.087(a) provides that the trustee — not the trust itself — is considered the named party to a recorded instrument naming the trust, unless the trust is a legal entity under state law." } }, "jurisdiction": "TX", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/PR/htm/PR.114.htm", "row_id": "TX", "state": "Texas" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title59/Chapter2/C59-2_1800010118000101.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No statewide assessor-portal control rule for Utah trust or land-trust property was identified in the reviewed source set." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No land-trust-specific beneficiary disclosure trigger was identified in the reviewed Utah trust, business-trust, conveyance, and property-tax source set." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "When title to real property is held in trust, Utah Code 75B-2-816(3) requires the recorded deed or instrument to recite the trustee's name and address and the trust's name and date; 75B-2-814(3)(c) separately requires the same identifying information on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest -- the county recorder's record reflects these recitals." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title59/Chapter2/C59-2_1800010118000101.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Utah property-tax source text defines the assessment roll and uses the owner address shown on the last assessment roll for notice." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Utah Code § 75B-2-816 establishes a real-property title-holding trust mechanism: title is granted to a person as trustee, and the trust terms are stated in the deed or a separately recorded instrument. Section 75B-2-1013's general definition of a certification of trust provides background." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "Utah Code 75B-2-814(3)(c) requires the trustee's name and address (plus the trust's name/date) on all recorded documents affecting real property to which the trust is a party in interest; 75B-2-816(3) separately requires the same identifying terms be recited in the deed of transfer or a recorded instrument when title is held in trust." } }, "jurisdiction": "UT", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75B/C75B_2024090120240501.xml", "row_id": "UT", "state": "Utah" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "The Virginia statute describes a recorded deed of conveyance to a trustee in which no beneficiaries are specified by name or no duties are imposed upon the trustee." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Under the Virginia statute, where a deed of conveyance to a trustee is recorded, the interest of the beneficiaries is deemed personal property." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Under the Virginia statute, a trust relating to real estate does not fail, and a use relating to real estate is not defeated, because the recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee names no beneficiaries or imposes no duties on the trustee." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "cell_locator": "VA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "The Virginia statute refers to a recorded deed of conveyance to the trustee." } }, "jurisdiction": "VA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title55.1/chapter1/section55.1-117/", "row_id": "VA", "state": "Virginia" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 1013(a) lets a trustee substitute a certificate -- setting forth less than all trust-instrument provisions -- for the full instrument when dealing with a person other than a beneficiary; the certificate's required contents (trust name/date, settlor and trustee identity, an authorizing-powers abstract, and revocation/amendment/court-supervision statements) do not include beneficiary names or dispositive terms." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "When recorded in the municipal land records under § 1013(b), the certificate of trust documents the trust's existence, the trustee's identity and powers, and any limitations on those powers -- standing in for the full trust instrument -- not the trust's dispositive or beneficiary terms." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tax.vermont.gov/sites/tax/files/documents/GB-1143.pdf", "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "In Vermont, real estate held in trust must be listed to the trustee or trustees (Vermont Department of Taxes, Lister and Assessor Handbook, GB-1143)." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "Vermont real-property trust-title mechanism under 14A V.S.A. § 1013(a)-(b): a trustee may execute a certificate of trust in place of the full trust instrument, and that certificate may itself be used as evidence of the trustee's authority to convey or transfer title to real or personal property. Not a dedicated land-trust act." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "cell_locator": "VT.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "§ 1013(a)(5)-(6): the certificate that evidences a trustee's authority over title must itself name and give the address of each trustee currently empowered to act, with an abstract of the trustee's authorizing powers; Vermont does not separately prescribe a deed-recital title format beyond this certificate mechanism." } }, "jurisdiction": "VT", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/14A/010/01013", "row_id": "VT", "state": "Vermont" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=11.98.075", "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "RCW 11.98.075 allows certification of trust to a non-beneficiary instead of the trust instrument; RCW 64.04.010 addresses written evidence of interests in trust-held real estate." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "The recorder-facing source addresses deeds and encumbrances, trust terms of record, and certificates or written evidence of trust-held real-estate interests." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "RCW 64.04.010 addresses real estate or interests held in trust when the trust terms are of record." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "cell_locator": "WA.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "RCW 64.04.010 addresses real estate held in trust where the trust terms are of record; it does not prescribe a separate deed-title wording formula." } }, "jurisdiction": "WA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=64.04.010", "row_id": "WA", "state": "Washington" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/70.09", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "Wisconsin counties may assign a real property lister to maintain parcel ownership and description information." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/706", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific beneficiary-disclosure trigger was found in the reviewed trust, conveyance, assessment, and official-search source set." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/59.43", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "Wisconsin register-of-deeds law defines recorded documents to include deeds, mortgages, instruments, or writings." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/70.23", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "Wisconsin assessment rolls are entered opposite the name of the person to whom the parcel is assessed." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/search/results?q=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific trust type was found; general trust-law provisions were treated as negative context under method-lt." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/search/results?q=%22land%20trust%22", "cell_locator": "WI.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Wisconsin land-trust-specific trustee-title-on-deed rule was found; general conveyance law was treated as negative context under method-lt." } }, "jurisdiction": "WI", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/search/results?q=%22land%20trust%22", "row_id": "WI", "state": "Wisconsin" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No beneficiary-disclosure trigger: § 36-1-4a(a)(2)(i)-(ii) requires only the trust's existence/date and the settlor's and trustee's (and any successor trustee's) names and mailing addresses -- no beneficiary names are required in the recordable memorandum." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "§ 36-1-4a(d): upon presentation and fee payment, the clerk of the county commission records the memorandum of trust with the deed records and lists it in the grantor index under the settlor's name and the grantee index under the trustee's name; § 36-1-4a(c) states the recorded memorandum is notice only of the information it contains." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "not_established" }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/44D-10-1013/", "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "West Virginia's Uniform Trust Code certification section, § 44D-10-1013(j), expressly preserves a separate real-property trust-title mechanism in the property code, W. Va. Code § 36-1-4a ('Memorandum of trust; requirements; recordation') -- this is a real-property trust-title mechanism, not a dedicated land-trust act." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/36-1-4a/", "cell_locator": "WV.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "§ 36-1-4a(a)(2)(iv): the memorandum of trust presented for recordation must itself recite the trustee's powers over acquisition, sale, disposition, or encumbering of real property (or incorporate the W. Va. Code § 44-5A-3 trust powers by reference) -- the recital that documents the trustee's title-holding authority on the recorded instrument." } }, "jurisdiction": "WV", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/44D-10-1013/", "row_id": "WV", "state": "West Virginia" }, { "cells": { "lt.assessor_portal_control": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title39.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.assessor_portal_control", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.assessor_portal_control", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust assessor-portal rule found; Title 39's assessment-roll provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming any property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a portal-control rule to attach to." }, "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.beneficiary_disclosure_triggers", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust beneficiary-disclosure trigger found; the undisclosed-beneficiary protection in §34-2-122 is general conveyancing law, and the statutory-trust certificate discloses only a trustee's business address, not a beneficiary." }, "lt.recorder_record_shows": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title34.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.recorder_record_shows", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.recorder_record_shows", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust county-recorder record rule found; §34-2-122 lets a conveyance define a trust-grantee by name/date or by record reference, a general conveyancing mechanic available for any trust, not a land-trust-specific recorder rule." }, "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title39.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.taxpayer_name_on_roll", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust taxpayer-name-on-roll rule found; Title 39's annual-listing provision is a generic property-tax administration rule naming the property owner, with no land-trust-specific text, and Wyoming has no regime for land trusts that hold title or beneficial interests, so there is nothing for a taxpayer-roll rule to attach to." }, "lt.trust_type": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.trust_type", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trust_type", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust type found; the statutory trust is a generic unincorporated-association entity form, not a real-property title-holding trust type." }, "lt.trustee_title_on_deed": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title34.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.lt.lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "lt.trustee_title_on_deed", "value": "No Wyoming land-trust trustee-title-on-deed rule found; Wyo. Stat. §34-2-123 is a general conveyancing-notice rule applying to ANY grantee described as a trust, not a land-trust-specific vesting mechanism." } }, "jurisdiction": "WY", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title17.pdf", "row_id": "WY", "state": "Wyoming" } ], "scope_label": "51 US jurisdictions (50 states plus DC)", "unresolved_cells": "print_reason" }, "redaction-boundary-fields": { "field_definitions": { "rd.duration": "The stored duration of the cited protection, not the retention period of the underlying record system.", "rd.record_systems_covered": "The stored observation naming the record systems covered by the cited redaction protection.", "rd.republication_duty": "The stored republication-duty observation for the named jurisdiction and current observation version." }, "last_updated": "2026-10-07", "matrix_id": "rd:redaction-boundary-fields", "row_header": "Jurisdiction", "rows": [ { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "No separate duration or expiration provision for the AS 15.07.195(b) written election was found in the reviewed text." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State voter registration records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "cell_locator": "AK.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "No separate republication-removal duty was found; AS 15.07.195 controls confidentiality and enumerated releases by the Division of Elections." } }, "jurisdiction": "AK", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.akleg.gov/statutesPDF/Title-15.pdf", "row_id": "AK", "state": "Alaska" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_locator": "AL.rd.rd.duration", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "not_established" }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/graphql?query=query%7B%20codesOfAlabama%28where%3A%7BdisplayId%3A%7Beq%3A%2212-13-22%22%7D%7D%29%7B%20data%20%7B%20id%20displayId%20title%20effectiveDate%20supersessionDate%20content%20history%20%7D%20count%20%7D%20%7D", "cell_locator": "AL.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Alabama requires Social Security numbers to be removed from documents recorded in the probate court, and birthdates from property-conveying documents unless the law requires them." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/graphql?query=query%20%7B%20codesOfAlabama%28fullTextQuery%3A%20%22%5C%2241-13-7%5C%22%22%2C%20limit%3A%20100%2C%20offset%3A%200%29%20%7B%20data%20%7B%20id%20displayId%20title%20effectiveDate%20supersessionDate%20content%20history%20%7D%20count%20%7D%20%7D", "cell_locator": "AL.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Under Ala. Code § 41-13-7(b), if express consent to reveal a person's identifying information has not been obtained, a state department or agency must redact, remove, cover or otherwise excise that person's identifying information from a document that is available for public inspection. The section does not apply to a document originating with a court or taxing authority, a lien or security-interest document, or a record of judgment, conviction, eviction or bankruptcy, and its prohibition does not apply to a bona fide news organization or to a federal or state agency's request for or release of the information for a legitimate government purpose." } }, "jurisdiction": "AL", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://alison.legislature.state.al.us/graphql?query=query%7B%20codesOfAlabama%28where%3A%7BdisplayId%3A%7Beq%3A%2212-13-22%22%7D%7D%29%7B%20data%20%7B%20id%20displayId%20title%20effectiveDate%20supersessionDate%20content%20history%20%7D%20count%20%7D%20%7D", "row_id": "AL", "state": "Alabama" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/office/driver-services/address-confidentiality-program/", "cell_locator": "AR.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Residential address kept on file while licensee participates" }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/office/driver-services/address-confidentiality-program/", "cell_locator": "AR.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Driver license or identification card displays PO Box instead of residential address" }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "AR.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "AR", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.dfa.arkansas.gov/office/driver-services/address-confidentiality-program/", "row_id": "AR", "state": "Arkansas" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/11/00483.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "County-recorder restriction and ACP certification periods are five years, subject to statutory renewal/cancellation rules." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/11/00483.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered systems include recorded instruments maintained by the county recorder and, through the companion section, county assessor/treasurer records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/41/00166.htm", "cell_locator": "AZ.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "On request from a program participant who presents a current and valid authorization card, an Arizona state or local government entity must redact the actual address from a public record created within 90 days before the participant applied, or change it to the substitute address." } }, "jurisdiction": "AZ", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.azleg.gov/ars/11/00483.htm", "row_id": "AZ", "state": "Arizona" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV§ionNum=6206", "cell_locator": "CA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Program certification is four years; separate publication written demands are also effective for four years." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/frequently-asked-questions", "cell_locator": "CA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies/courts must accept the substitute address; real-property documents have a specific replacement request path." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=GOV§ionNum=6208.1", "cell_locator": "CA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "California Government Code 6208.1 creates a written-demand publication restriction." } }, "jurisdiction": "CA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.ca.gov/registries/safe-home/frequently-asked-questions", "row_id": "CA", "state": "California" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or canceled earlier; renewal may be filed before expiration." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local government public records must use the substitute address when a participant presents a valid authorization card, with special real-property and tax exceptions." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "cell_locator": "CO.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "On request from a program participant who presents a current and valid authorization card, a Colorado state or local government agency must redact the actual address from a public record created within 90 days before the participant applied, or change it to the substitute address." } }, "jurisdiction": "CO", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://olls.info/crs/crs2026-title-24.pdf", "row_id": "CO", "state": "Colorado" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_968a.htm", "cell_locator": "CT.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A Connecticut Address Confidentiality Program certification expires four years after the certification card is issued." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_014.htm", "cell_locator": "CT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Connecticut's Freedom of Information Act does not require a public agency to disclose the residential, work or school address of a participant in the Address Confidentiality Program." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "CT.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "CT", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_014.htm", "row_id": "CT", "state": "Connecticut" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.03", "cell_locator": "DC.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification remains valid for three years unless canceled earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "cell_locator": "DC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "For ACP participants, OTR must not index participant names in online assessment/tax and recorded-document databases." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "cell_locator": "DC.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "On request, a District agency must remove publicly accessible references to the ACP participant’s actual address within 10 business days, subject to statutory exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "DC", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://code.dccouncil.gov/us/dc/council/code/sections/4-555.05", "row_id": "DC", "state": "District of Columbia" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "cell_locator": "DE.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification is valid for 3 years unless withdrawn, canceled, or otherwise terminated; voter address confidentiality lasts as ordered by the court." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "cell_locator": "DE.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "ACP records are confidential; government agencies must accept substitute addresses, and voter application/registration/transfer addresses can be removed from public inspection." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "cell_locator": "DE.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Internet posting/display of a program participant actual address or telephone number is restricted after a qualifying written demand; demand is effective for 3 years." } }, "jurisdiction": "DE", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://delcode.delaware.gov/title11/c096/sc02/", "row_id": "DE", "state": "Delaware" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/Chapter741/All", "cell_locator": "FL.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Official Records home-address exemption is maintained while the protected party resides at the dwelling location; ACP certification is four years unless withdrawn/invalidated." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/119.071", "cell_locator": "FL.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered property-record systems include county property appraiser and tax collector public records, plus Official Records references tied to protected home addresses." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/119.071", "cell_locator": "FL.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Upon conveyance or death, Florida provides request procedures for releasing previously removed Official Records information; no broader third-party internet republication duty was found in the cited sections." } }, "jurisdiction": "FL", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/119.071", "row_id": "FL", "state": "Florida" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://gov.georgia.gov/document/2024-signed-legislation/sb-324/download", "cell_locator": "GA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Participant certification is valid for four years and may be renewed." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sos.ga.gov/safeathome", "cell_locator": "GA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Designated address may be used on state and local public records; voter residence address is sealed." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://gov.georgia.gov/document/2024-signed-legislation/sb-324/download", "cell_locator": "GA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Governmental entities may not further disclose confidential addresses except for authorized purposes." } }, "jurisdiction": "GA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://sos.ga.gov/safeathome", "row_id": "GA", "state": "Georgia" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0003.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification remains valid for a period set by the program director and may be renewed by filing a renewal application before expiration." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0009.htm", "cell_locator": "HI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Agencies must accept the substitute address for new public records when a participant presents a valid authorization card, subject to listed exceptions." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "HI.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "HI", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://data.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol14_Ch0701-0853/HRS0801G/HRS_0801G-0009.htm", "row_id": "HI", "state": "Hawaii" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/9E.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Iowa Safe at Home certification lasts four years unless canceled, withdrawn, or invalidated, with renewal by rule." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/9E.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Iowa Safe at Home covers designated-address use and confidentiality, but the designated-address section excludes real-property documents while §9E.7 requires assessor redaction of requestor names in electronic public-access documents." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/9E.pdf", "cell_locator": "IA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "After participant notice on the prescribed form, Iowa law prohibits knowing disclosure of the participant’s address except for listed exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "IA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/9E.pdf", "row_id": "IA", "state": "Iowa" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.idaho.gov/statutesrules/idstat/Title19/T19CH57/SECT19-5703/", "cell_locator": "ID.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Address Confidentiality Program certification lasts four years from the filing date unless it is withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sos.idaho.gov/acp/", "cell_locator": "ID.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies must accept the program's substitute address as the participant's actual address." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "ID.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "ID", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://sos.idaho.gov/acp/", "row_id": "ID", "state": "Idaho" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200750/Act%200061/075000610K15.html", "cell_locator": "IL.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier; renewal is by Attorney General rule." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200750/Act%200061/075000610K25.html", "cell_locator": "IL.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies must use the designated substitute address when creating new public records unless a statutory or administrative exception applies." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200750/Act%200061/075000610K35.html", "cell_locator": "IL.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The Attorney General may not disclose the participant address except to law enforcement or under court order, and the address/phone on file are exempt from FOIA disclosure." } }, "jurisdiction": "IL", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.ilga.gov/ftp/ILCS/Ch%200750/Act%200061/075000610K25.html", "row_id": "IL", "state": "Illinois" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_5.html", "cell_locator": "IN.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification expires June 30 of the fourth year after certification or renewal, with renewal available." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_5.html", "cell_locator": "IN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Program participant identifying information in program records is confidential; voter applications and poll-list residence/name display are restricted." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_5.html", "cell_locator": "IN.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "After written notice, a person may not knowingly disclose a participant address; landlords also may not display the participant name at the address, subject to exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "IN", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://iga.in.gov/ic/2026/Title_5.html", "row_id": "IN", "state": "Indiana" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch75/075_004_0053.html", "cell_locator": "KS.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Address Confidentiality Program certification lasts four years from filing unless withdrawn or invalidated sooner, renewable under attorney-general rules; cancellable earlier for a legal name change, an unreported address change, non-deliverable forwarded mail, or false information. K.S.A. 45-221(a)(51)'s restriction, retained, is a separate five-year term, renewable." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch75/075_004_0055.html", "cell_locator": "KS.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Any new, amended, or updated state or local public record by default (the agency must accept and use the Attorney-General-designated substitute address unless a bona fide statutory/administrative need exists); voting procedures and records (Secretary of State rules, K.S.A. 75-456(b)(1)); the Secretary of State's business-filing public record for a stale registered-office residence address (K.S.A. 17-7940); and, retained, public-agency-website records searchable by keyword under K.S.A. 45-221(a)(51)." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch75/075_004_0055.html", "cell_locator": "KS.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "When state and local agencies create or update a public record, they must accept the attorney general's substitute address for a program participant, unless the attorney general has determined the agency has a bona fide statutory or administrative requirement for the participant's actual address and will use it only for those purposes (K.S.A. 75-455(a))." } }, "jurisdiction": "KS", "last_checked": "2026-10-04", "official_source_url": "https://www.ksrevisor.gov/statutes/chapters/ch75/075_004_0055.html", "row_id": "KS", "state": "Kansas" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "cell_locator": "KY.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification lasts four years after filing unless withdrawn or invalidated, with renewal notice and procedure." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "cell_locator": "KY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Applicant and participant addresses are exempt under the Kentucky Open Records Act, and state/local agencies must accept the Secretary-designated substitute address for new public records subject to statutory exceptions." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "cell_locator": "KY.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "After written notice from a program participant, a person must not knowingly disclose the participant name, home address, work address, or school address except under stated exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "KY", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://apps.legislature.ky.gov/law/statutes/statute.aspx?id=54144", "row_id": "KY", "state": "Kentucky" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=410811", "cell_locator": "LA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification is valid for four years unless canceled." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.la.gov/our-office/address-confidentiality-program", "cell_locator": "LA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "ACP substitute address is used for state or local government services and is designed to prevent location discovery through state public records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.la.gov/legis/Law.aspx?d=1389672", "cell_locator": "LA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "R.S. 44:11.2 requires public-body removal or written reason after acknowledgment and third-party removal within seventy-two hours." } }, "jurisdiction": "LA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.la.gov/our-office/address-confidentiality-program", "row_id": "LA", "state": "Louisiana" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section2", "cell_locator": "MA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A program participant certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section4", "cell_locator": "MA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies must accept the secretary-designated substitute address when creating a new public record, subject to statutory/administrative need exceptions." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "MA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The primary source could not be retrieved (fetch blocked)", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "MA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleII/Chapter9A/Section4", "row_id": "MA", "state": "Massachusetts" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-116", "cell_locator": "MD.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Maryland keeps the disclosure prohibition in force until consent, court order, loss of record interest, or notice that the individual is no longer a program participant." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-114", "cell_locator": "MD.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Maryland defines real property records to include land and tax records maintained by circuit-court clerks or state/local agencies." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-118", "cell_locator": "MD.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Maryland permits title-exam disclosure only with confidentiality and purpose limits; separate public republication language was not identified." } }, "jurisdiction": "MD", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=3-114", "row_id": "MD", "state": "Maryland" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "cell_locator": "ME.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Maine ACP certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "cell_locator": "ME.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local government agencies and courts must use only the designated address unless the Secretary approves an exemption." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "cell_locator": "ME.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The participant application, supporting materials, and program state e-mail account are not public records and must be kept confidential by the Secretary." } }, "jurisdiction": "ME", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://legislature.maine.gov/statutes/5/title5sec90-B.html", "row_id": "ME", "state": "Maine" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-780-855", "cell_locator": "MI.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification is valid for four years unless canceled, with renewal available for continuing eligible participants." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-780-857", "cell_locator": "MI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "The ACP covers governmental-entity address use, mail/service-process forwarding, municipally owned utility confidential-address records, and the Attorney General ACP participant database." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-780-857", "cell_locator": "MI.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Governmental entities must use the designated address on request, and municipally owned utility confidential-address records are nonpublic and FOIA-exempt." } }, "jurisdiction": "MI", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-780-857", "row_id": "MI", "state": "Michigan" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.03", "cell_locator": "MN.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Minnesota residents are certified for four years unless canceled, withdrawn, or invalidated; outside-Minnesota applicants are initially certified for 60 days." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.05", "cell_locator": "MN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Public or private persons and entities must accept the designated address when presented under the statute." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.05", "cell_locator": "MN.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "After written notice on the prescribed form, a person or entity may not knowingly disclose the participant name or address identified in the notice." } }, "jurisdiction": "MN", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/5B.05", "row_id": "MN", "state": "Minnesota" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=589.663", "cell_locator": "MO.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Program certification lasts four years after initial certification unless withdrawn or cancelled, with renewal notice before expiration." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.mo.gov/business/safeathome", "cell_locator": "MO.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Safe at Home provides a designated address for creating new public records and section 589.663 requires forwarding first class mail, legal documents, and certified mail." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://revisor.mo.gov/main/OneSection.aspx?section=589.663", "cell_locator": "MO.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The captured Missouri Address Confidentiality Program source set does not state a third-party republication or downstream takedown duty." } }, "jurisdiction": "MO", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.mo.gov/business/safeathome", "row_id": "MO", "state": "Missouri" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A Mississippi program participant's certification lasts four years from the date of certification, unless it is withdrawn, cancelled or invalidated before that date." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "A Mississippi program participant's confidential address, telephone number and any other identifying information held by a public body, as Mississippi Code § 25-6-3 defines it, does not count as a public record under the Mississippi Public Records Act of 1983." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "cell_locator": "MS.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Mississippi public bodies must accept the address the Office of the Attorney General designates as a program participant's substitute address, unless that office determines the public body has a bona fide statutory or administrative requirement for the confidential address and will use it only for those purposes." } }, "jurisdiction": "MS", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.ms.gov/adminsearch/ACCode/00000267c.pdf", "row_id": "MS", "state": "Mississippi" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0190/0400-0150-0010-0190.html", "cell_locator": "MT.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Montana cancels a substitute address after four years unless statutory continuation or cancellation provisions apply." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0210/0400-0150-0010-0210.html", "cell_locator": "MT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Montana requires state and local agencies that need a participant address to accept and use the substitute-address card." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0180/0400-0150-0010-0180.html", "cell_locator": "MT.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "No separate Montana ACP republication-removal duty was found; reviewed provisions restrict department disclosure and require government-agency substitute-address use." } }, "jurisdiction": "MT", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://mca.legmt.gov/bills/mca/title_0400/chapter_0150/part_0010/section_0210/0400-0150-0010-0210.html", "row_id": "MT", "state": "Montana" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "cell_locator": "NC.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification lasts four years from filing unless withdrawn or canceled earlier, and may be renewed." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "cell_locator": "NC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "North Carolina state and local agencies must accept the substitute address when creating a new public record after a participant presents a current authorization card, subject to statutory waiver." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "cell_locator": "NC.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Chapter 15C requires agencies to use the substitute address for new public records and is designed to answer public-record requests without disclosing the victim's location." } }, "jurisdiction": "NC", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/ByChapter/Chapter_15C.html", "row_id": "NC", "state": "North Carolina" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "cell_locator": "ND.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "The property/GIS/tax-parcel home-address confidentiality request lasts for the remainder of a calendar year and must be renewed annually." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "cell_locator": "ND.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered records under N.D.C.C. § 44-04-18.3(5) are a geographic information system, a property title record, or tax parcel data containing the home address of an individual listed in subsection (1)." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_locator": "ND.rd.rd.republication_duty", "not_established_reason": "The reviewed primary source does not address this field", "publish_status": "not_established", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "not_established" } }, "jurisdiction": "ND", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://ndlegis.gov/cencode/t44c04.pdf", "row_id": "ND", "state": "North Dakota" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1204", "cell_locator": "NE.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification is valid for four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier; renewal may be set by rule and regulation." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1206", "cell_locator": "NE.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agency public records, substitute-address records, voter lists/registration inspection, and Secretary of State participant files are covered in the captured ACP statutes." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1206", "cell_locator": "NE.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "No separate republication, downstream removal, or third-party recorder takedown duty was located in the captured Nebraska ACP statutes/pages." } }, "jurisdiction": "NE", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://nebraskalegislature.gov/laws/statutes.php?statute=42-1206", "row_id": "NE", "state": "Nebraska" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/I/7/7-43.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification lasts four years after filing unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/I/7/7-45.htm", "cell_locator": "NH.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies must accept the attorney-general designated substitute address when creating new public records, with statutory/administrative need exceptions; voter public lists also exclude ACP names and addresses." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.doj.nh.gov/bureaus/office-victimwitness-assistance/address-confidentiality-program", "cell_locator": "NH.rd.rd.republication_duty", "note": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "official_record_silent", "visible_subline": "The official record does not state this" } }, "jurisdiction": "NH", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/I/7/7-45.htm", "row_id": "NH", "state": "New Hampshire" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dcf/documents/providers/notices/N.J.A.C.3A.71-Readoption.pdf", "cell_locator": "NJ.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A New Jersey Address Confidentiality Program participant's certification is valid for four years." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dca/oip/", "cell_locator": "NJ.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "ACP requires state/local agencies to use the legal substitute address; Daniel’s Law/OIP covers government websites and OPRA records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dca/oip/", "cell_locator": "NJ.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "DCA OIP states covered persons may request cease disclosure/removal; GRC OPRA text requires redaction before access." } }, "jurisdiction": "NJ", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.nj.gov/dca/oip/", "row_id": "NJ", "state": "New Jersey" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.nm.gov/safe-at-home/safe-at-home-eligibility-faqs-and-resources/", "cell_locator": "NM.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "New Mexico Safe at Home certification lasts three years unless cancelled earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1514179/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc237967112&textToSearch=", "cell_locator": "NM.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "The program covers agency-held residential/delivery address, telephone, and email records; agency substitution records; school district address of record; and voter registration records transferred to the Secretary of State." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1514179/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc237967112&textToSearch=", "cell_locator": "NM.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Agencies receiving a participant confidential substitute address identification card must use the confidential substitute address for all purposes; the reviewed sources do not state a separate republication cure duty." } }, "jurisdiction": "NM", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://nmonesource.com/w/nmos/1514179/document/chunk/getContentByDocumentFragmentAnchorText?anchorText=zoupio-_Toc237967112&textToSearch=", "row_id": "NM", "state": "New Mexico" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "cell_locator": "NV.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Threat-based confidentiality orders under NRS 247.545 expire after five years, with notice before expiration and extension process." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "cell_locator": "NV.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered recorder records include county-recorder records containing personal information; personal information includes home addresses and phone/email information, excluding APN." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "cell_locator": "NV.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Nevada restricts downstream disclosure of county-recorder confidential information and penalizes unlawful disclosure that creates substantial risk of bodily harm." } }, "jurisdiction": "NV", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-247.html", "row_id": "NV", "state": "Nevada" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "cell_locator": "NY.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification runs four years; participant records remain confidential for three years after termination and are then destroyed." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "cell_locator": "NY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "ACP covers substitute-address use in state/local public records and confidential program-participant address records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "cell_locator": "NY.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "State and local agencies must accept substitute addresses in public records unless waived, and waiver recipients must redact actual addresses before release." } }, "jurisdiction": "NY", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/EXC/108", "row_id": "NY", "state": "New York" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "cell_locator": "OH.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Program-participant certification is valid for four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "cell_locator": "OH.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Ohio covers confidential addresses, governmental entity use of the substitute address, real-property confidentiality notices, and named county record systems." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "cell_locator": "OH.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Ohio prohibits public officials and specified recipients from knowingly disclosing confidential address/real-property notice information except as required or permitted by law." } }, "jurisdiction": "OH", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/chapter-111", "row_id": "OH", "state": "Ohio" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Program certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "The statute covers state and local agency public-record responses and substitute mailing-address use." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "cell_locator": "OK.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "State and local agency employees may not knowingly and intentionally disclose a participant actual address unless disclosure is permitted by law." } }, "jurisdiction": "OK", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.oklegislature.gov/OK_Statutes/CompleteTitles/os22.pdf", "row_id": "OK", "state": "Oklahoma" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "cell_locator": "OR.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification term is set by Attorney General rule unless withdrawn, canceled, or renewed." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "cell_locator": "OR.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Program covers public bodies creating new public records or ongoing actions, with special rules for elections, school, marriage/domestic partnership, and transportation records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "cell_locator": "OR.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "No third-party republication-removal duty located in ORS 192.820 to 192.868 ACP provisions." } }, "jurisdiction": "OR", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.oregonlegislature.gov/bills_laws/ors/ors192.html", "row_id": "OR", "state": "Oregon" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification is valid for three years unless withdrawn or canceled earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Program applications, actual addresses, waiver proceedings, and state/local agency address use are covered by confidentiality and substitute-address rules." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "cell_locator": "PA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "note": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "official_record_silent", "visible_subline": "The official record does not state this" } }, "jurisdiction": "PA", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/LI/CT/HTM/23/00.067..HTM", "row_id": "PA", "state": "Pennsylvania" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-3.htm", "cell_locator": "RI.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "RI ACP applicants are certified for five years and may apply for renewal." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-5.htm", "cell_locator": "RI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "RI ACP covers state/local public records using substitute addresses, Secretary of State ACP records, and court or administrative-tribunal records containing actual addresses." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-5.htm", "cell_locator": "RI.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Agencies receiving a waiver must keep actual addresses confidential by redacting them before record release, subject to specified waiver/court-order exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "RI", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://webserver.rilegislature.gov/Statutes/TITLE42/42-164/42-164-5.htm", "row_id": "RI", "state": "Rhode Island" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "cell_locator": "SC.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Permanent order duration is judge-determined; an emergency order lasts until the restraining-order hearing and ends if no permanent order is sought within forty-five days." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "cell_locator": "SC.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered systems are court-filed permanent and emergency restraining-order records plus FOIA requests for the sealed complainant address and law-enforcement handling of that address." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "cell_locator": "SC.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The complainant address is sealed, omitted from court filings, and exempt from FOIA; no separate third-party republication purge duty is stated." } }, "jurisdiction": "SC", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t16c003.php", "row_id": "SC", "state": "South Carolina" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "cell_locator": "SD.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A secured active designation remains effective for five years." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "cell_locator": "SD.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "The secured-active designation applies to the master registration file and excludes the secured voter record from public inspection or copying, with stated exceptions." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "cell_locator": "SD.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The reviewed SD secured-active designation source set does not state a third-party republication or downstream takedown duty." } }, "jurisdiction": "SD", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://sdlegislature.gov/api/Statutes/Statute/12-4-9.2", "row_id": "SD", "state": "South Dakota" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/rules/1360/1360-11/1360-11-01.20241208.pdf", "cell_locator": "TN.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Tennessee's address confidentiality certification is valid for four years from the date the application is filed, unless it is withdrawn or invalidated earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=40-38-606", "cell_locator": "TN.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "A Tennessee government entity must accept a program participant's substitute address once the participant asks and shows proof of certification, unless the program's own part of the code says otherwise." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://publications.tnsosfiles.com/acts/110/pub/pc1004.pdf", "cell_locator": "TN.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "A Tennessee state or local agency must redact a program participant's confidential address from a public record created within 30 days before the application, or change it to the substitute address, if the participant shows proof of certification and asks the agency that holds the record." } }, "jurisdiction": "TN", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://advance.lexis.com/container?config=0151JAAwMDE1NjllYS02MjE1LTQyYjYtOWU4YS0xOTEwNDg1NzgyOTQKAFBvZENhdGFsb2dnw6sFEQKF0E34FcRC39gu&pdmfid=1000516&pdtocsearchoption=docsonly&pdsearchterms=+&pdtypeofsearch=TOCSearchDoc&pdfilterstring=MTA5MTIwMA&pdsearchdisplaytext=Tennessee+Code+Table+of+Contents+PAW-+ET+TABLE+OF+CONTENTS&pdcontextvalue=statutes-legislation&pdtocsearchterm=40-38-606", "row_id": "TN", "state": "Tennessee" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Texas ACP certification expires on the third anniversary and may be renewed; Tax Code home-address restriction remains valid until rescinded in writing." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Texas ACP substitute P.O. box must be accepted by state/local agencies unless an exception applies; appraisal records have home-address confidentiality and internet-posting restrictions for stated categories." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "cell_locator": "TX.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Texas ACP participant information is confidential and recipients of true address disclosures must protect confidentiality; Tax Code appraisal records also limit public access/posting, with no broader third-party internet republication duty stated in the reviewed sources." } }, "jurisdiction": "TX", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/CR/htm/CR.58.htm", "row_id": "TX", "state": "Texas" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/USCODE-2024-title28/html/USCODE-2024-title28-partIII.htm", "cell_locator": "US-federal.rd.rd.duration", "note": "The official record does not state this", "publish_status": "typed_unknown", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "official_record_silent", "visible_subline": "The official record does not state this" }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?edition=prelim&path=%2Fprelim%40title28%2Fpart3", "cell_locator": "US-federal.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Covered information includes home address, personal contact, SSN/driver license, financial, vehicle, child, birthdate, school/day-care, and employment-location information; government agencies must remove covered information from publicly available content after request." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?edition=prelim&path=%2Fprelim%40title28%2Fpart3", "cell_locator": "US-federal.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "After a written request, covered businesses/persons must remove covered information from controlled sites, assist locating other controlled instances, and must not transfer the covered information except within stated exceptions." } }, "jurisdiction": "US-federal", "last_checked": "2026-10-07", "official_source_url": "https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?edition=prelim&path=%2Fprelim%40title28%2Fpart3", "row_id": "US-federal", "state": "United States (federal)" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Program enrollment lasts four years from grant unless withdrawn or cancelled, with renewal available before expiration." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State/local public records can be redacted or changed to the assigned address; property assessments, tax notices, and property correspondence use the assigned address for participants." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "cell_locator": "UT.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Government entities granted access to the actual address must limit use/access and maintain confidentiality except as permitted in the disclosure request." } }, "jurisdiction": "UT", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://le.utah.gov/xcode/Title75E/Chapter11/C75E-11_2026050620260701.xml", "row_id": "UT", "state": "Utah" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title2.2/chapter5/section2.2-515.2/", "cell_locator": "VA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "A Virginia applicant is certified for three years from the date of approval, unless the certification is withdrawn or invalidated before then, and a program participant may apply to be recertified every three years." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title17.1/chapter2/section17.1-294/", "cell_locator": "VA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "No Virginia circuit court clerk may provide secure remote access to a land record that does not comply with the statute's provisions and with the secure remote access standards developed by the Virginia Information Technologies Agency." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title2.2/chapter5/section2.2-515.2/", "cell_locator": "VA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "The Virginia address confidentiality statute and the circuit-court clerk and land-record sections consulted do not state a republication duty or a duty to purge third-party records that were already reposted." } }, "jurisdiction": "VA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title17.1/chapter2/section17.1-294/", "row_id": "VA", "state": "Virginia" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/15/021/01152", "cell_locator": "VT.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Certification lasts four years from filing unless withdrawn or canceled earlier." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sos.vermont.gov/secretary-of-state-services/safe-at-home", "cell_locator": "VT.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local government agencies must accept the Safe at Home substitute address for public records unless a waiver or statutory exception applies." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/15/021/01154", "cell_locator": "VT.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "When an agency receives an actual-address waiver, the agency must redact the actual address when releasing the record." } }, "jurisdiction": "VT", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://sos.vermont.gov/secretary-of-state-services/safe-at-home", "row_id": "VT", "state": "Vermont" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=40.24.030", "cell_locator": "WA.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "ACP certification lasts four years unless withdrawn or invalidated before that date." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://www.sos.wa.gov/statewide-programs/address-confidentiality-program-acp", "cell_locator": "WA.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Washington ACP applies a substitute address in government records and includes nondisclosure rules for voter lists and vehicle/vessel records; SOS guidance identifies public-record examples and a property-purchase pathway." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://app.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=40.24.110", "cell_locator": "WA.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Washington statutes prohibit specified disclosures of ACP participant records and vehicle/vessel identifying information except through statutory exceptions or court order." } }, "jurisdiction": "WA", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://www.sos.wa.gov/statewide-programs/address-confidentiality-program-acp", "row_id": "WA", "state": "Washington" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "cell_locator": "WI.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Wisconsin ACP enrollment lasts five years unless cancelled or disenrolled." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "cell_locator": "WI.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State and local agencies and units of government generally must use a program participant’s assigned address for official business." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "cell_locator": "WI.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "No separate republication-removal duty was found; the reviewed ACP text instead prohibits required disclosure and intentional disclosure of an actual address." } }, "jurisdiction": "WI", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/document/statutes/165.68", "row_id": "WI", "state": "Wisconsin" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://sos.wv.gov/about-us/address-confidentiality-program-acp", "cell_locator": "WV.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "Enrollment is effective for four years if the participant abides by program requirements." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/48-28A-105/", "cell_locator": "WV.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "State/local agencies and West Virginia courts must accept the designated address for new public records unless an exception applies; application/supporting materials are not public records." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/48-28A-108/", "cell_locator": "WV.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "ACP statute makes application/supporting materials nonpublic and confidential, with misdemeanor penalties for willful employee disclosure of participant name or residential/mailing address." } }, "jurisdiction": "WV", "last_checked": "2026-09-30", "official_source_url": "https://code.wvlegislature.gov/48-28A-105/", "row_id": "WV", "state": "West Virginia" }, { "cells": { "rd.duration": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.rd.rd.duration", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.duration", "value": "An order issued under Wyo. Stat. § 35-21-112 provides confidentiality only in the action in which it is granted and for those additional purposes specified by law referencing that order; § 7-3-512's own text states no separate duration for its confidentiality duty." }, "rd.record_systems_covered": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.rd.rd.record_systems_covered", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.record_systems_covered", "value": "Wyoming court proceedings and records under the Domestic Violence Protection Act (Wyo. Stat. § 35-21-112) and court orders of protection issued under Wyo. Stat. §§ 7-3-508 and 7-3-509, confidentiality-bound for the sexual-assault parties to those orders by § 7-3-512. Not a county-property or assessor record-redaction program, and not an Address Confidentiality Program; method-rd does not require either to find a court-record redaction mechanism positive." }, "rd.republication_duty": { "cell_citation_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "cell_locator": "WY.rd.rd.republication_duty", "publish_status": "publish_ready", "source_field": "rd.republication_duty", "value": "Wyo. Stat. §§ 35-21-112 and 7-3-512 each impose a nondisclosure duty on the court itself within the covered proceeding -- the court must not release the protected residence-identifying information. Neither section creates a downstream agency-acceptance/substitute-address duty (unlike an Address Confidentiality Program) or a duty to remove or take down residence-identifying information already published elsewhere; no such republication or takedown duty was found in the reviewed sources, and this nondisclosure duty is not treated as one." } }, "jurisdiction": "WY", "last_checked": "2026-10-01", "official_source_url": "https://wyoleg.gov/statutes/compress/title35.pdf", "row_id": "WY", "state": "Wyoming" } ], "scope_label": "52 jurisdictions", "unresolved_cells": "print_reason" } }, "template": "matrix", "tier": "T1", "unresolved_cells": "print_reason", "warnings": [] }